网上看到很多关于Spring与Hibernate的集成的文章,奈何由于那些文章写作时间较早,很多都是Spring 3 和Hibernate 4等较旧的版本。所以我在这里使用更新的版本来说明一下。
添加项目依赖
首先我们需要一个Java Web项目,最好使用Maven或Gradle构建工具,方便我们解决软件依赖。我在这里使用Gradle构建工具,构建脚本如下。我们只要引入spring-webmvc和spring-orm这两个包,其他的Spring依赖会自动由构建工具解决。然后还需要引入数据源、Hibernate、JSTL等依赖项。脚本的最后定义了一个任务用于生成对应的pom文件方便Maven工具使用。
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group 'yitian.learn' version '1.0-SNAPSHOT' apply plugin: 'java' apply plugin: 'war' apply plugin: 'maven' apply from: 'https://raw.github.com/akhikhl/gretty/master/pluginScripts/gretty.plugin' sourceCompatibility = 1.8 repositories { maven { url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/" } jcenter() } ext { springVersion = '4.3.6.RELEASE' aspectjVerison = '1.8.10' } dependencies { testCompile group: 'junit' , name: 'junit' , version: '4.12' compile group: 'org.springframework' , name: 'spring-webmvc' , version: springVersion compile group: 'org.springframework' , name: 'spring-orm' , version: springVersion compile group: 'org.glassfish.web' , name: 'jstl-impl' , version: '1.2' compile group: 'org.projectlombok' , name: 'lombok' , version: '1.16.12' compile group: 'org.hibernate' , name: 'hibernate-core' , version: '5.2.6.Final' compile group: 'mysql' , name: 'mysql-connector-java' , version: '5.1.40' compile group: 'org.apache.commons' , name: 'commons-dbcp2' , version: '2.1.1' compile group: 'org.aspectj' , name: 'aspectjweaver' , version: aspectjVerison } task writeNewPom { doLast { pom { }.writeTo( "$projectDir/pom.xml" ) } } |
配置web.xml
然后打开WEB-INF/web.xml文件,添加以下内容。
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < web-app xmlns = "http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version = "3.1" > < context-param > < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name > < param-value >/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</ param-value > </ context-param > < servlet > < servlet-name >dispatcher</ servlet-name > < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</ servlet-class > < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup > < async-supported >true</ async-supported > </ servlet > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name >dispatcher</ servlet-name > < url-pattern >/</ url-pattern > </ servlet-mapping > < listener > < listener-class >org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</ listener-class > </ listener > </ web-app > |
配置Spring
相对应的应该有两个Spring配置文件/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml和/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml。前者是根配置文件,用于配置数据库等后端、全局的组件,后者是MVC配置文件,用于配置MVC和Web相关的组件。
然后在/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml中,我们配置Hibernate和Spring集成的组件。我们需要配置数据源、HibernateSessionFactory、Hibernate事务管理器、事务连接点、Hibernate模板等Bean,然后在操作数据的时候使用Hibernate模板,就能获得Spring控制的事务管理功能了。
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> < context:annotation-config /> <!--数据源--> < bean id = "dataSource" class = "org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method = "close" > < property name = "driverClassName" value = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> < property name = "url" value = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" /> < property name = "username" value = "root" /> < property name = "password" value = "12345678" /> </ bean > <!--hibernate--> < bean id = "sessionFactory" class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" /> < property name = "hibernateProperties" > < props > < prop key = "hibernate.format_sql" >true</ prop > < prop key = "hibernate.show_sql" >true</ prop > < prop key = "hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" >create</ prop > </ props > </ property > < property name = "packagesToScan" value = "yitian.learn.entity" /> </ bean > <!--设置hibernate模板--> < bean id = "hibernateTemplate" class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate" > < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" /> </ bean > <!--设置hibernate事务管理器--> < bean id = "transactionManager" class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager" > < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" /> </ bean > <!--数据访问对象--> < bean id = "userDao" class = "yitian.learn.dao.HibernateUserDao" /> <!--设置事务管理--> < tx:advice id = "txAdvice" transaction-manager = "transactionManager" > < tx:attributes > < tx:method name = "find*" read-only = "true" /> < tx:method name = "*" /> </ tx:attributes > </ tx:advice > <!--使用AOP设置事务管理--> < aop:config > < aop:pointcut id = "userDaoPointcut" expression = "execution(* yitian.learn.dao.*.*(..))" /> < aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice" pointcut-ref = "userDaoPointcut" /> </ aop:config > </ beans > |
然后来配置一下Spring Web MVC的组件。在dispatcher-servlet.xml中添加以下配置。这里添加了JSP视图解析器和类型转换器,如果不需要自定义类型转换可以将对应片段删掉。
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" > < mvc:view-resolvers > < mvc:jsp prefix = "/WEB-INF/jsp/" suffix = ".jsp" view-class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> </ mvc:view-resolvers > < mvc:default-servlet-handler /> < mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service = "conversionService" /> < context:component-scan base-package = "yitian.learn" /> < bean id = "conversionService" class = "org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean" > < property name = "converters" > < set > < bean class = "yitian.learn.utils.String2LocalDateConverter" /> </ set > </ property > </ bean > </ beans > |
至此,Hibernate与Spring的集成就算配置完了。最后我还写了一个小例子,放在了Github上,有兴趣的同学可以看看。
总结
以上就是本文关于Spring Web MVC和Hibernate的集成配置详解的全部内容,希望对大家有所帮助。感兴趣的朋友可以继续参阅本站其他相关专题,如有不足之处,欢迎留言指出。感谢朋友们对本站的支持!
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/u011054333/article/details/54930571