最近因为项目需要在做两个项目间数据同步的需求,具体是项目1的数据通过消息队列同步到项目2中,因为这个更新操作还涉及到更新多个库的数据,所以就需要多数据源切换的操作。下面就讲讲在Spring中如何进行数据源切换。这里是使用AbstractRoutingDataSource类来完成具体的操作,AbstractRoutingDataSource是Spring2.0后增加的。
实现数据源切换的功能就是自定义一个类扩展AbstractRoutingDataSource抽象类,其实该相当于数据源DataSourcer的路由中介,可以实现在项目运行时根据相应key值切换到对应的数据源DataSource上。先看看AbstractRoutingDataSource的源码:
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public abstract class AbstractRoutingDataSource extends AbstractDataSource implements InitializingBean { /* 只列出部分代码 */ private Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources; private Object defaultTargetDataSource; private boolean lenientFallback = true ; private DataSourceLookup dataSourceLookup = new JndiDataSourceLookup(); private Map<Object, DataSource> resolvedDataSources; private DataSource resolvedDefaultDataSource; @Override public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException { return determineTargetDataSource().getConnection(); } @Override public Connection getConnection(String username, String password) throws SQLException { return determineTargetDataSource().getConnection(username, password); } protected DataSource determineTargetDataSource() { Assert.notNull( this .resolvedDataSources, "DataSource router not initialized" ); Object lookupKey = determineCurrentLookupKey(); DataSource dataSource = this .resolvedDataSources.get(lookupKey); if (dataSource == null && ( this .lenientFallback || lookupKey == null )) { dataSource = this .resolvedDefaultDataSource; } if (dataSource == null ) { throw new IllegalStateException( "Cannot determine target DataSource for lookup key [" + lookupKey + "]" ); } return dataSource; } protected abstract Object determineCurrentLookupKey(); } |
从源码可以看出AbstractRoutingDataSource继承了AbstractDataSource并实现了InitializingBean,AbstractRoutingDataSource的getConnection()方法调用了determineTargetDataSource()的该方法,这里重点看determineTargetDataSource()方法代码,方法里使用到了determineCurrentLookupKey()方法,它是AbstractRoutingDataSource类的抽象方法,也是实现数据源切换要扩展的方法,该方法的返回值就是项目中所要用的DataSource的key值,拿到该key后就可以在resolvedDataSource中取出对应的DataSource,如果key找不到对应的DataSource就使用默认的数据源。
自定义类扩展AbstractRoutingDataSource类时就是要重写determineCurrentLookupKey()方法来实现数据源切换功能。下面是自定义的扩展AbstractRoutingDataSource类的实现:
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/** * 获得数据源 */ public class MultipleDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource{ @Override protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() { return DynamicDataSourceHolder.getRouteKey(); } } |
DynamicDataSourceHolder类如下,实现对数据源的操作功能:
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/** * 数据源操作类 */ public class DynamicDataSourceHolder { private static ThreadLocal<String> routeKey = new ThreadLocal<String>(); /** * 获取当前线程的数据源路由的key */ public static String getRouteKey() { String key = routeKey.get(); return key; } /** * 绑定当前线程数据源路由的key * 使用完成后必须调用removeRouteKey()方法删除 */ public static void setRouteKey(String key) { routeKey.set(key); } /** * 删除与当前线程绑定的数据源路由的key */ public static void removeRouteKey() { routeKey.remove(); } } |
下面在xml文件中配置多个数据源:
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<!-- 数据源 --> < bean id = "dataSource1" class = "org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" > < property name = "driverClassName" value = "net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver" > </ property > < property name = "url" value = "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://127.0.0.1;databaseName=test" > </ property > < property name = "username" value = "***" ></ property > < property name = "password" value = "***" ></ property > </ bean > < bean id = "dataSource2" class = "org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" > < property name = "driverClassName" value = "net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver" > </ property > < property name = "url" value = "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://127.0.0.2:1433;databaseName=test" > </ property > < property name = "username" value = "***" ></ property > < property name = "password" value = "***" ></ property > </ bean > <!-- 配置多数据源映射 --> < bean id = "multipleDataSource" class = "MultipleDataSource" > < property name = "targetDataSources" > < map key-type = "java.lang.String" > < entry value-ref = "dataSource1" key = "dataSource1" ></ entry > < entry value-ref = "dataSource2" key = "dataSource2" ></ entry > </ map > </ property > <!-- 默认数据源 --> < property name = "defaultTargetDataSource" ref = "dataSource1" > </ property > </ bean > |
到这里基本的配置就完成了,下面只要在需要切换数据源的地方调用方法就行了,一般是在dao层操作数据库前进行切换的,只需在数据库操作前加上如下代码即可:
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DynamicDataSourceHolder.setRouteKey( "dataSource2" ); |
上面介绍的是在dao层当需要切换数据源时手动加上切换数据源的代码,也可以使用AOP的方式,把配置的数据源类型都设置成注解标签,在dao层中需要切换数据源操作的方法或类上写上注解标签,这样实现起来可操作性也更强。
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@DataSourceKey ( "dataSource1" ) public interface TestEntityMapper extends MSSQLMapper<TestEntity> { public void insertTest(TestEntity testEntity); } |
DataSourceKey注解代码如下:
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@Target ({ElementType.TYPE,ElementType.METHOD}) @Retention (RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented public @interface DataSourceKey { String value() default "" ; } |
注解配置完后就要写一个实现数据源切换的类,如下:
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public class MultipleDataSourceExchange { /** * 拦截目标方法,获取由@DataSource指定的数据源标识,设置到线程存储中以便切换数据源 */ public void beforeDaoMethod(JoinPoint point) throws Exception { Class<?> target = point.getTarget().getClass(); MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) point.getSignature(); // 默认使用目标类型的注解,如果没有则使用其实现接口的注解类 for (Class<?> cls : target.getInterfaces()) { resetDataSource(cls, signature.getMethod()); } resetDataSource(target, signature.getMethod()); } /** * 提取目标对象方法注解和类注解中的数据源标识 */ private void resetDataSource(Class<?> cls, Method method) { try { Class<?>[] types = method.getParameterTypes(); // 默认使用类注解 if (cls.isAnnotationPresent(DataSourceKey. class )) { DataSourceKey source = cls.getAnnotation(DataSourceKey. class ); DynamicDataSourceHolder.setRouteKey(source.value()); } // 方法注解可以覆盖类注解 Method m = cls.getMethod(method.getName(), types); if (m != null && m.isAnnotationPresent(DataSourceKey. class )) { DataSourceKey source = m.getAnnotation(DataSourceKey. class ); DynamicDataSourceHolder.setRouteKey(source.value()); } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(cls + ":" + e.getMessage()); } } } |
代码写完后就要在xml配置文件上添加配置了(只列出部分配置):
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< bean id = "multipleDataSourceExchange" class = "MultipleDataSourceExchange " /> < bean id = "txManager" class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "multipleDataSource" /> </ bean > < tx:advice id = "txAdvice" transaction-manager = "txManager" > < tx:attributes > < tx:method name = "insert*" propagation = "NESTED" rollback-for = "Exception" /> < tx:method name = "add*" propagation = "NESTED" rollback-for = "Exception" /> ... </ tx:attributes > </ tx:advice > < aop:config > < aop:pointcut id = "service" expression = "execution(* com.datasource..*.service.*.*(..))" /> <!-- 注意切换数据源操作要比持久层代码先执行 --> < aop:advisor advice-ref = "multipleDataSourceExchange" pointcut-ref = "service" order = "1" /> < aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice" pointcut-ref = "service" order = "2" /> </ aop:config > |
到此就完成使用AOP的方式实现多数据源的动态切换了。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/weknow619/p/6415900.html