一. 5个R音节的读音
R音节是由五个元音字母加上辅音字母R一起构成的音节，R音节是许多单词的构成部分，掌握R音节的读音一般规则对单词的拼读与记忆很有帮助。在单词中如果出现元音字母后有两个R连在一起，如 sorry, parrot,hurry，这里的两个R是为了区分开音节与闭音节，这样的结构一般不是R音节。R音节在单词中的读音一般规则如下表：
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R音节在重读音节中的读音
1).ar在重读音节中读[a:]
例如：sharpener [‘?ɑ:p?n?] car [kɑ:] dark [dɑ:k] arm [ɑ:m] card [kɑ:d] park [pɑ:k] hard [hɑ:d] farmer [‘fɑ:m?] party [‘pɑ:ti] artist [‘ɑ:tist] garden [‘gɑ:dn] far [fɑ:]
2)．er在重读音节中读[ε:]
例如：term [t?:m] certainly [‘s?:t?nli] person [‘p?:sn] university [,ju:ni’v?:siti] Germany [‘d??:m?ni] serve [s?:v] prefer [pri’f?:] deserve [di’z?:v] nervous [‘n?:v?s] expert [ek’sp?:t]
3.)ir在重读音节中读[ε:]
例如：skirt [sk?:t] thirty [‘θ?:ti] thirsty [‘θ?:sti] first [f?:st] birthday [‘b?:θdei] circle [‘s?:kl] dirty [‘d?:ti]
4）．or在重读音节中读[?:]
例如：for [f?:] short [??:t] sport [sp?:t] born [b?:n] report [ri’p?:t] north [n?:θ] fork [f?:k] nor [n?:] order [‘?:d?] corner [‘k?:n?] storm [st?:m] afford [?’f?:d] performance [p?’f?:m?ns] pork [p?:k]
5）．ur在重读音节中读[ε:]
例如：purse [p?:s] purple [‘p?:pl] Thursday [‘θ?:zdi] turkey [‘t?:ki] turn [t?:n] church [t??:t?] disturb [dis’t?:b] hurt [h?:t] return [ri’t?:n] surfing [‘s?:fi?] Turkey [‘t?:ki]
R音节在非重读音节中读
R音节在非重读音节中读[?]
例如：number [‘n?mb?] ruler [‘ru:l?] father [‘fɑ:e?] after [‘ɑ:ft?] doctor [‘d?kt?] Saturday [‘s?t?di] dollar[‘d?l?] popular [‘p?pjul?] sugar [‘?ug?] perhaps [p?’h?ps] conductor [k?n’d?kt?] scissors [‘siz?z] comfortable [‘k?mf?t?bl] inventor [in’vent?] shepherd [‘?ep?d] inspector [in’spekt?]
R音节在W后的读音
1）． ar在W后读[?:]
例如：wardrobe [‘w?:dr?ub]warm[w?:m]war[w?:] towards [t?’w?:dz] rewarding [ri’w?:di?]
2）．or在W后读[ε:]
例如：work [w?:k] word [w?:d] world [w?:ld] worse [w?:s] worth [w?:θ]
二.七个元辅音字母组合及其读音：
R音节是英语中最常见的元辅音字母组合，R音节的读音在前面已讲到。除了R音节外，英语中常见的元辅音字母组合如下表：
1）．字母AW组合读[?:]，例如：draw [dr?:] law[l?:] saw [s ?:] awful [??:fl] flaw [fl?:] lawn[l?:n] jaw[d??:] paw[p?:]
2）字母AY组合读[ei]1）．字母AW组合读[?:]，例如：draw [dr?:] law[l?:] saw [s ?:] awful [??:fl] flaw [fl?:] lawn[l?:n] jaw[d??:] paw[p?:]
例如：today [t?’dei] way [wei] play [plei] say [sei] day [dei] away [?’wei] player [‘plei?] may [mei] stay [stei] maybe [‘meibi] relay [ri’lei] lay [lei] pay[pei]
3）字母EW组合读[ju:]
例如：news [nju:z] few [fju:] chew [t?u:] crew [kru:]jewelry [‘d?u:?lr?] Jewish [?d?u:??]
4)字母EY组合读在重读音节中读
例如：hey[hei] they [eei] grey [grei] key [ki:]；
在非重读音节中读[i]
例如：money [‘m?ni] Sydney [‘sidni] turkey [‘t?:ki] monkey [‘m??ki]
5）字母EX组合读[gz]
例如：exact[?g?z?kt] exam[?g?z?m] example[?g?a:mpl] exist[?g?z?st] exhaust[?g?z?:st] executive[?g?zekj?t?v]；
字母EX组合读[ks]
例如：excuse[?k?skju:s] expect[?eksp?:t] exchange[?ks?t?e?nd?] except[?k?sept] experience [?k?sp??ri?ns] experiment [?k?sper?m?nt] explain [?k?sple?n] expose [?k’sp??z] express[?k?spres] expensive[?k?spens?v] extraordinary [?k?str?:dnri]
6）字母OY组合读[?i]
例如：boy [b?i] toy [t?i] employ [im?pl?i] enjoy [in?d??i]
7）字母OW组合读[?u]
例如：row [r?u] know [n?u] window [‘wind?u] yellow [‘jel?u] throw [θr?u] borrow [‘b?r?u] tomorrow [t?’m?:r?u] follow [‘f?l?u] grow [gr?u] slow [sl?u] show [??u] snow [sn?u] below [bi’l?u] Moscow [‘m?sk?u] own [?un] bowl [b?ul];
字母OW组合读[au]
例如：how [hau] down [daun] now [nau] flower [‘flau?] brown [braun] cow [kau] town [taun] shower [‘?au?] crow [kr?u] allow [?’lau]
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