webservice的应用已经越来越广泛了,下面介绍几种在Java体系中开发webservice的方式,相当于做个记录。
1.Axis2
Axis是apache下一个开源的webservice开发组件,出现的算是比较早了,也比较成熟。这里主要介绍Axis+eclipse开发webservice,当然不用eclipse也可以开发和发布webservice,只是用eclipse会比较方便。
(1)下载eclipse的Java EE版本
(2)下载axis2 http://axis.apache.org/axis2/java/core/download.cgi
(3)下载eclipse的axis2插件
Axis2_Codegen_Wizard
Axis2_Service_Archiver
http://axis.apache.org/axis2/java/core/tools/index.html
推荐使用1.3的版本
(4)eclipse安装axis2插件
1)在任意目录下新建一个Axis2文件夹,在该文件夹下新建eclipse目录,在eclipse目录中新建plugins目录和features目录,例如:D:\programSoftware\eclipse-SVN\Axis2\eclipse;
2)把下载的axis2插件解压,并把解压的文件放到新建的eclipse的plugins目录下;
3)在%eclipse_home%的目录下新建links目录,并在links目录下新建axis2.link文件,内容为:path=D:\programSoftware\eclipse-SVN\Axis2;
4)重启eclipse,点击·file-new-other,如果看到Axis2 Wizards,则表明插件安装成功。
(5)安装axis2
下载Axis2的WAR Distribution并解压,把axis2.war包放置到%TOMCAT_HOME%/webapps下,启动tomcat,访问http://localhost:port/axis2,Axis2安装成功。
(6)使用eclipse新建web工程,创建一个普通java类,至少包含一个方法。
(7)发布webservice
1)点击eclipse的File-New-other,打开Axis2 Wizards,选择Axis2 Service Archiver,然后Next;
2)选择Class File Location,也就是类文件存放路径,注意:只选到classes目录,不要包括包文件夹,然后Next;
3)选择Skip WSDL,然后Next
4)一路Next到Select the Service XML file to be included in the Service archive,勾选Generate theservice xml automatically;
5)Service Name-填写你的service名称,Class Name-填写类名称,要包括包名,然后点击load,然后点击Finish,这时webservice就发布成功了;
6)然后到%TOMCAT_HOME%/webapps/axis2/WEB-INF/services 看看是否多了一个.aar的文件;
7)访问http://localhost:8085/axis2/services/类名?wsdl 就可看到生成的wsdl文件了。
注意:以上的方式是发布到axis2.war包中,你也可以把生成.aar文件copy到你的实际应用中,同时,你也可以使用eclipse的create webservice功能发布你的webservice,选择axis2生成你的webservice,这样webservice就会部署到你的应用中了。
2.Apche CXF
CXF开发webservice也是比较方便和简单的,它和spring的集成可以说是非常地好。举一个CXF开发webservice的例子吧。
1)在eclipse中新建一个web工程,导入依赖包。
2)编写一个接口,如:
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public String test( @WebParam (name= "value" , targetNamespace = "http://service.cxf.zcl.com/" , mode = WebParam.Mode.IN)String value); |
注意:CXF开发的webservice,接口中的方法的参数一定要以这种方式,否则客户端调用的时候CXF服务端会接收不到参数的值,name:参数名称,可不写(建议写上),targetNamespace:命名空间,一定要填写上,默认是包名反过来的顺序,mode:参数类型,IN表示输入。
3)编写一个实现类,实现接口的方法;
4)和spring的集成,编写一个bean文件,如:cxf-beans.xml,内容如下:
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws = "http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd"> < import resource = "classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml" /> < import resource = "classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml" /> < import resource = "classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml" /> < jaxws:endpoint id = "vote" implementor = "com.zcl.cxf.service.VoteImpl" address = "/Vote" /> </ beans > |
这个文件比较容易理解,就不解释了。
5)配置CXFServlet
在web.xml文件中配置CXFServlet,加载cxf-beans.xml文件,内容如下:
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< web-app xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id = "WebApp_ID" version = "2.5" > < context-param > < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name > < param-value >WEB-INF/cxf-beans.xml</ param-value > </ context-param > < listener > < listener-class >org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</ listener-class > </ listener > < servlet > < servlet-name >cxf</ servlet-name > < servlet-class >org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</ servlet-class > < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup > </ servlet > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name >cxf</ servlet-name > < url-pattern >/services/*</ url-pattern > </ servlet-mapping > </ web-app > |
把工程部署到中间件,如tomcat,就可以访问该webservice了。
3.JDK开发webservice
1)编写一个Java类,如下:
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package demo; import javax.jws.WebParam; import javax.jws.WebService; import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint; @WebService public class JdkWebService { public String doSomething( @WebParam (name= "value" , targetNamespace = "http://demo/" , mode = WebParam.Mode.IN)String value) { return "Just do it," + value + "!" ; } public static void main(String[] args) { Endpoint.publish( "http://localhost:8080/jdkwsdemo/demo.JdkWebService" , new JdkWebService()); } } |
2)运行该java类,在浏览器上就可以访问该webservice了。
注意:开发web工程的时候,这种方法不太友好。我们可以编写一个servlet类,在servlet类的初始化方法中发布webservice,这样我们的中间件服务器启动的时候就会帮我们自动webservice了。
3) xfire
开发WebService的框架不少,每个框架都有各自的有点,最近我用xfire练习开发WebService,下面是开发WebService的小例子,希望对入门的人有些小帮助
1.新建一个java web project命名为TestWebService,将xfire相关的jar包添加到lib目录中,写接口类和实现类
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package com.lamp.service; public interface MessageService { public String getName(String name); } |
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package com.lamp.service; public interface MessageService { public String getName(String name); } |
实现类
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package com.lamp.service.impl; import com.lamp.service.MessageService; public class MessageServiceImpl implements MessageService { public String getName(String name) { return "hellow " + name + ", welcome to WebService world" ; } } |
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package com.lamp.service.impl; import com.lamp.service.MessageService; public class MessageServiceImpl implements MessageService { public String getName(String name) { return "hellow " + name + ", welcome to WebService world" ; } } |
在src目录下新建文件夹META-INF,然后再在其下新建文件夹xfire,在xfire目录下新建配置文件services.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://xfire.codehaus.org/config/1.0" > < service > < name >MessageService</ name > < serviceClass >com.lamp.service.MessageService</ serviceClass > < implementationClass >com.lamp.service.impl.MessageServiceImpl</ implementationClass > </ service > </ beans > <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://xfire.codehaus.org/config/1.0" > < service > < name >MessageService</ name > < serviceClass >com.lamp.service.MessageService</ serviceClass > < implementationClass >com.lamp.service.impl.MessageServiceImpl</ implementationClass > </ service > </ beans > |
最后在web.xml中配置xfire的servlet
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< servlet > < servlet-name >XFireServlet</ servlet-name > < servlet-class > org.codehaus.xfire.transport.http.XFireConfigurableServlet </ servlet-class > </ servlet > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name >XFireServlet</ servlet-name > < url-pattern >/servlet/XFireServlet/*</ url-pattern > </ servlet-mapping > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name >XFireServlet</ servlet-name > < url-pattern >/services/*</ url-pattern > </ servlet-mapping > < servlet > < servlet-name >XFireServlet</ servlet-name > < servlet-class > org.codehaus.xfire.transport.http.XFireConfigurableServlet </ servlet-class > </ servlet > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name >XFireServlet</ servlet-name > < url-pattern >/servlet/XFireServlet/*</ url-pattern > </ servlet-mapping > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name >XFireServlet</ servlet-name > < url-pattern >/services/*</ url-pattern > </ servlet-mapping > |
项目部署后在浏览器中通过http://localhost:8080/TestWebService/services访问看到远程访问的接口,并得到wsdl为http://localhost:8080/TestWebService/services/MessageService?wsdl
这样服务器端开发完毕,现在开始客户端的开发
新建一个java project也将xfire相关的jar引入,我用ant在客户端生成代理对象,在项目路径下新建build.xml,代码为
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < project name = "WebService" basedir = "." default = "gen-webservice" > < property file = "build.properties" > </ property > < path id = "project-classpath" > < fileset dir = "${lib.dir}" > < include name = "**/*.jar" /> </ fileset > </ path > < target name = "gen-webservice" > < taskdef name = "wsgen" classname = "org.codehaus.xfire.gen.WsGenTask" classpathref = "project-classpath" /> < wsgen outputDirectory = "${src.dir}" wsdl = "${wsdl.dir}" package = "com.lamp.ws.client" overwrite = "true" /> </ target > </ project > |
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < project name = "WebService" basedir = "." default = "gen-webservice" > < property file = "build.properties" > </ property > < path id = "project-classpath" > < fileset dir = "${lib.dir}" > < include name = "**/*.jar" /> </ fileset > </ path > < target name = "gen-webservice" > < taskdef name = "wsgen" classname = "org.codehaus.xfire.gen.WsGenTask" classpathref = "project-classpath" /> < wsgen outputDirectory = "${src.dir}" wsdl = "${wsdl.dir}" package = "com.lamp.ws.client" overwrite = "true" /> </ target > </ project > |
其引入的build.properties文件也在项目路径下
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src.dir=${basedir}/src lib.dir=F:/WebService/xfire- 1.2 . 6 /lib wsdl.dir=http: //localhost:8080/TestWebService/services/MessageService?wsdl |
其中lib.jar为我存放xfire的路径,运行ant得到代理对象
编写一个测试类
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package com.lamp.test; import com.lamp.ws.client.MessageServiceClient; import com.lamp.ws.client.MessageServicePortType; public class TestGetName { public static void main(String[] args) { MessageServiceClient msg = new MessageServiceClient(); MessageServicePortType portType = msg.getMessageServiceHttpPort(); String result = portType.getName( "张三" ); System.out.println(result); } } |
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package com.lamp.test; import com.lamp.ws.client.MessageServiceClient; import com.lamp.ws.client.MessageServicePortType; public class TestGetName { public static void main(String[] args) { MessageServiceClient msg = new MessageServiceClient(); MessageServicePortType portType = msg.getMessageServiceHttpPort(); String result = portType.getName( "张三" ); System.out.println(result); } } |
运行在控制台看到了hellow 张三, welcome to WebService world至此一个简单的WebService开发完毕
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/haoxingfeng/article/details/9167757