写在前面的话
之前记录过一篇使用apache的FTP开源组件实现服务器文件上传下载的方法,但是后来发现在删除的时候会有些权限问题,导致无法删除服务器上的文件。虽然在Windows上使用FileZilla Server设置读写权限后没问题,但是在服务器端还是有些不好用。
因为自己需要实现资源管理功能,除了单文件的FastDFS存储之外,一些特定资源的存储还是打算暂时存放服务器上,项目组同事说后面不会专门在服务器上开FTP服务,于是改成了sftp方式进行操作。
这个东西要怎么用
首先要去下载jsch jar包,地址是:http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/。网站上也写的很清楚:JSch is a pure Java implementation of SSH2. 这个是SSH2的纯Java实现。使用ip和端口,输入用户名密码就可以正常使用了,和Secure CRT使用方式一致。那么怎么来使用这个有用的工具呢?
其实不会写也没关系,官方也给出了示例,链接:http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/examples/Shell.java,来看一眼吧:
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/* -*-mode:java; c-basic-offset:2; indent-tabs-mode:nil -*- */ /** * This program enables you to connect to sshd server and get the shell prompt. * $ CLASSPATH=.:../build javac Shell.java * $ CLASSPATH=.:../build java Shell * You will be asked username, hostname and passwd. * If everything works fine, you will get the shell prompt. Output may * be ugly because of lacks of terminal-emulation, but you can issue commands. * */ import com.jcraft.jsch.*; import java.awt.*; import javax.swing.*; public class Shell{ public static void main(String[] arg){ try{ JSch jsch=new JSch(); //jsch.setKnownHosts("/home/foo/.ssh/known_hosts"); String host=null; if(arg.length>0){ host=arg[0]; } else{ host=JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter username@hostname", System.getProperty("user.name")+ "@localhost"); } String user=host.substring(0, host.indexOf('@')); host=host.substring(host.indexOf('@')+1); Session session=jsch.getSession(user, host, 22); String passwd = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter password"); session.setPassword(passwd); UserInfo ui = new MyUserInfo(){ public void showMessage(String message){ JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, message); } public boolean promptYesNo(String message){ Object[] options={ "yes", "no" }; int foo=JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(null, message, "Warning", JOptionPane.DEFAULT_OPTION, JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE, null, options, options[0]); return foo==0; } // If password is not given before the invocation of Session#connect(), // implement also following methods, // * UserInfo#getPassword(), // * UserInfo#promptPassword(String message) and // * UIKeyboardInteractive#promptKeyboardInteractive() }; session.setUserInfo(ui); // It must not be recommended, but if you want to skip host-key check, // invoke following, // session.setConfig("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no"); //session.connect(); session.connect(30000); // making a connection with timeout. Channel channel=session.openChannel("shell"); // Enable agent-forwarding. //((ChannelShell)channel).setAgentForwarding(true); channel.setInputStream(System.in); /* // a hack for MS-DOS prompt on Windows. channel.setInputStream(new FilterInputStream(System.in){ public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len)throws IOException{ return in.read(b, off, (len>1024?1024:len)); } }); */ channel.setOutputStream(System.out); /* // Choose the pty-type "vt102". ((ChannelShell)channel).setPtyType("vt102"); */ /* // Set environment variable "LANG" as "ja_JP.eucJP". ((ChannelShell)channel).setEnv("LANG", "ja_JP.eucJP"); */ //channel.connect(); channel.connect( 3 * 1000 ); } catch (Exception e){ System.out.println(e); } } public static abstract class MyUserInfo implements UserInfo, UIKeyboardInteractive{ public String getPassword(){ return null ; } public boolean promptYesNo(String str){ return false ; } public String getPassphrase(){ return null ; } public boolean promptPassphrase(String message){ return false ; } public boolean promptPassword(String message){ return false ; } public void showMessage(String message){ } public String[] promptKeyboardInteractive(String destination, String name, String instruction, String[] prompt, boolean [] echo){ return null ; } } } |
在这个代码中,我们基本上能看到需要的东西,首先我们要创建用户信息,这个主要是给认证的时候用的,只要实现 UserInfo, UIKeyboardInteractive这两个接口就好了,然后通过创建session会话,将userInfo设置进去,最后进行连接即可。
封装文件上传下载
上面是Jsch的基本使用方法,也就是些基本套路。下面我们来自己封装一下自己要使用的功能,实现文件的上传下载等一系列操作。
首先,也来创建个UserInfo:
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public class MyUserInfo implements UserInfo, UIKeyboardInteractive{ public String getPassword(){ return null ; } public boolean promptYesNo(String str){ return true ; } public String getPassphrase(){ return null ; } public boolean promptPassphrase(String message){ return true ; } public boolean promptPassword(String message){ return true ; } public void showMessage(String message){ } @Override public String[] promptKeyboardInteractive(String arg0, String arg1, String arg2, String[] arg3, boolean [] arg4) { return null ; } } |
下面是实现类:
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package com.tfxiaozi.common.utils; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Vector; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import com.jcraft.jsch.Channel; import com.jcraft.jsch.ChannelExec; import com.jcraft.jsch.ChannelSftp; import com.jcraft.jsch.JSch; import com.jcraft.jsch.JSchException; import com.jcraft.jsch.Session; import com.jcraft.jsch.SftpException; import com.jcraft.jsch.SftpProgressMonitor; /** * SSH Utils * @author tfxiaozi * */ public class Ssh { Logger logger = Logger.getLogger( this .getClass()); private String host = "" ; private String user = "" ; private int port = 22 ; private String password = "" ; private static final String PROTOCOL = "sftp" ; JSch jsch = new JSch(); private Session session; private Channel channel; private ChannelSftp sftp; public String getHost() { return host; } public void setHost(String host) { this .host = host; } public String getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(String user) { this .user = user; } public Ssh() { } public Ssh(String host, int port, String user, String password) { this .host = host; this .user = user; this .password = password; this .port = port; } /** * connect ssh * @throws JSchException */ public void connect() throws JSchException { if (session == null ) { session = jsch.getSession(user, host, port); MyUserInfo ui = new MyUserInfo(); session.setUserInfo(ui); session.setPassword(password); session.connect(); channel = session.openChannel(PROTOCOL); channel.connect(); sftp = (ChannelSftp)channel; } } /** * disconnect ssh */ public void disconnect() { if (session != null ) { session.disconnect(); session = null ; } } /** * upload * @param localFileName * @param remoteFileName * @return */ public boolean upload(String localFileName, String remoteFileName) throws Exception{ boolean bSucc = false ; try { SftpProgressMonitor monitor= new MyProgressMonitor(); int mode=ChannelSftp.OVERWRITE; sftp.put(localFileName, remoteFileName, monitor, mode); bSucc = true ; } catch (Exception e) { logger.error(e); } finally { if ( null != channel) { channel.disconnect(); } } return bSucc; } /** * delete file * @param directory * @param fileName * @return */ public boolean deteleFile(String directory, String fileName) { boolean flag = false ; try { sftp.cd(directory); sftp.rm(fileName); flag = true ; } catch (SftpException e) { flag = false ; logger.error(e); } return flag; } /** * delete directory * @param directory dir to be delete * @param sure be sure to delete * @return */ public String deleteDir(String directory, boolean sure) { String command = "rm -rf " + directory; String result = execCommand(command, true ); return result; } /** * compress the files and sub-dir of directory into a zip named compressName * @param directory the content directory to be compress * @param compressName the name in directory after it is compressed * @throws SftpException * @usage ssh.compressDir("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp", "test.zip"); */ public void compressDir(String directory, String compressName) throws SftpException { String command = "cd " + directory + "\nzip -r " + compressName + " ./" + compressName.substring( 0 , compressName.lastIndexOf( "." )); execCommand(command, true ); } /** * download * @param localFileName * @param remoteFileName * @return */ public boolean download(String localFileName, String remoteFileName) { boolean bSucc = false ; Channel channel = null ; try { SftpProgressMonitor monitor = new MyProgressMonitor(); sftp.get(remoteFileName, localFileName, monitor, ChannelSftp.OVERWRITE); bSucc = true ; } catch (Exception e) { logger.error(e); } finally { if ( null != channel) { channel.disconnect(); } } return bSucc; } /** * execute command * @param command * @param flag * @return */ public String execCommand(String command, boolean flag) { Channel channel = null ; InputStream in = null ; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer( "" ); try { channel = session.openChannel( "exec" ); System.out.println( "command:" + command); ((ChannelExec)channel).setCommand( "export TERM=ansi && " + command); ((ChannelExec)channel).setErrStream(System.err); in = channel.getInputStream(); channel.connect(); if (flag) { byte [] tmp = new byte [ 10240 ]; while ( true ) { while (in.available()> 0 ) { int i = in.read(tmp, 0 , 10240 ); if (i < 0 ) { break ; } sb.append( new String(tmp, 0 , i)); } if (channel.isClosed()){ break ; } } } in.close(); } catch (Exception e){ logger.error(e); } finally { if (channel != null ) { channel.disconnect(); } } return sb.toString(); } /** * get cpu info * @return */ public String[] getCpuInfo() { Channel channel = null ; InputStream in = null ; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer( "" ); try { channel = session.openChannel( "exec" ); ((ChannelExec)channel).setCommand( "export TERM=ansi && top -bn 1" ); //ansi一定要加 in = channel.getInputStream(); ((ChannelExec)channel).setErrStream(System.err); channel.connect(); byte [] tmp = new byte [ 10240 ]; while ( true ) { while (in.available()> 0 ) { int i = in.read(tmp, 0 , 10240 ); if (i < 0 ) { break ; } sb.append( new String(tmp, 0 , i)); } if (channel.isClosed()){ break ; } } } catch (Exception e){ logger.error(e); } finally { if (channel != null ) { channel.disconnect(); } } String buf = sb.toString(); if (buf.indexOf( "Swap" ) != - 1 ) { buf = buf.substring( 0 , buf.indexOf( "Swap" )); } if (buf.indexOf( "Cpu" ) != - 1 ) { buf = buf.substring(buf.indexOf( "Cpu" ), buf.length()); } buf.replaceAll( " " , " " ); return buf.split( "\\n" ); } /** * get hard disk info * @return */ public String getHardDiskInfo() throws Exception{ Channel channel = null ; InputStream in = null ; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer( "" ); try { channel = session.openChannel( "exec" ); ((ChannelExec)channel).setCommand( "df -lh" ); in = channel.getInputStream(); ((ChannelExec)channel).setErrStream(System.err); channel.connect(); byte [] tmp = new byte [ 10240 ]; while ( true ) { while (in.available()> 0 ) { int i = in.read(tmp, 0 , 10240 ); if (i < 0 ) { break ; } sb.append( new String(tmp, 0 , i)); } if (channel.isClosed()){ break ; } } } catch (Exception e){ throw new RuntimeException(e); } finally { if (channel != null ) { channel.disconnect(); } } String buf = sb.toString(); String[] info = buf.split( "\n" ); if (info.length > 2 ) { //first line: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on String tmp = "" ; for ( int i= 1 ; i< info.length; i++) { tmp = info[i]; String[] tmpArr = tmp.split( "%" ); if (tmpArr[ 1 ].trim().equals( "/" )){ boolean flag = true ; while (flag) { tmp = tmp.replaceAll( " " , " " ); if (tmp.indexOf( " " ) == - 1 ){ flag = false ; } } String[] result = tmp.split( " " ); if (result != null && result.length == 6 ) { buf = result[ 1 ] + " total, " + result[ 2 ] + " used, " + result[ 3 ] + " free" ; break ; } else { buf = "" ; } } } } else { buf = "" ; } return buf; } /** * 返回空闲字节数 * @return * @throws Exception */ public double getFreeDisk() throws Exception { String hardDiskInfo = getHardDiskInfo(); if (hardDiskInfo == null || hardDiskInfo.equals( "" )) { logger.error( "get free harddisk space failed....." ); return - 1 ; } String[] diskInfo = hardDiskInfo.replace( " " , "" ).split( "," ); if (diskInfo == null || diskInfo.length == 0 ) { logger.error( "get free disk info failed........." ); return - 1 ; } String free = diskInfo[ 2 ]; free = free.substring( 0 , free.indexOf( "free" )); //System.out.println("free space:" + free); String unit = free.substring(free.length()- 1 ); //System.out.println("unit:" + unit); String freeSpace = free.substring( 0 , free.length()- 1 ); double freeSpaceL = Double.parseDouble(freeSpace); //System.out.println("free spaceL:" + freeSpaceL); if (unit.equals( "K" )) { return freeSpaceL* 1024 ; } else if (unit.equals( "M" )) { return freeSpaceL* 1024 * 1024 ; } else if (unit.equals( "G" )) { return freeSpaceL* 1024 * 1024 * 1024 ; } else if (unit.equals( "T" )) { return freeSpaceL* 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 ; } else if (unit.equals( "P" )) { return freeSpaceL* 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 ; } return 0 ; } /** * 获取指定目录下的所有子目录及文件 * @param directory * @return * @throws Exception */ @SuppressWarnings ( "rawtypes" ) public List<String> listFiles(String directory) throws Exception { Vector fileList = null ; List<String> fileNameList = new ArrayList<String>(); fileList = sftp.ls(directory); Iterator it = fileList.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { String fileName = ((ChannelSftp.LsEntry) it.next()).getFilename(); if (fileName.startsWith( "." ) || fileName.startsWith( ".." )) { continue ; } fileNameList.add(fileName); } return fileNameList; } public boolean mkdir(String path) { boolean flag = false ; try { sftp.mkdir(path); flag = true ; } catch (SftpException e) { flag = false ; } return flag; } } |
测试一下
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public static void main(String[] arg) throws Exception{ Ssh ssh = new Ssh( "10.10.10.83" , 22 , "test" , "test" ); try { ssh.connect(); } catch (JSchException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } /*String remotePath = "/home/tfxiaozi/" + "webapp/"; try { ssh.listFiles(remotePath); } catch (Exception e) { ssh.mkdir(remotePath); }*/ /*boolean b = ssh.upload("d:/test.zip", "webapp/"); System.out.println(b);*/ //String []buf = ssh.getCpuInfo(); //System.out.println("cpu:" + buf[0]); //System.out.println("memo:" + buf[1]); //System.out.println(ssh.getHardDiskInfo().replace(" ", "")); //System.out.println(ssh.getFreeDisk()); /*List<String> list = ssh.listFiles("webapp/test"); for(String s : list) { System.out.println(s); }*/ /*boolean b = ssh.deteleFile("webapp", "test.zip"); System.out.println(b);*/ /*try { String s = ssh.execCommand("ls -l /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test", true); System.out.println(s); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); }*/ //ssh.sftp.setFilenameEncoding("UTF-8"); /*try { String ss = ssh.execCommand("unzip /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test.zip -d /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/", true); System.out.println(ss); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println( e.getMessage()); }*/ /*String path = "/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test.zip"; try { List<String> list = ssh.listFiles(path); for(String s:list) { System.out.println(s); } System.out.println("ok"); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("extract failed...."); }*/ /*String command = "rm -rf /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/" + "水墨国学"; String sss = ssh.execCommand(command, true); System.out.println(sss);*/ /*String findCommand = "find /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/水墨国学 -name 'index.html'"; String result = ssh.execCommand(findCommand, true); System.out.println(result);*/ /*String path = ""; ssh.listFiles(remotePath);*/ /* ssh.deleteDir("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", true); */ //下面这个会解压到webapp1目录,webapp1/test/xxx //ssh.execCommand("unzip /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test.zip -d /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", true); //下面这个会解压到/webapp1/test目录,也是webapp1/test/test/xxx //ssh.execCommand("unzip /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1/test.zip -d /home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", true); //ssh.compressDir("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", "test.zip"); //ssh.sftp.cd("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1"); //ssh.compressDir("/home/tfxiaozi/webapp1", "test.zip"); /*boolean b = ssh.download("d:/temp/test.zip", "webapp/test.zip"); System.out.println(b);*/ //ssh.getHardDiskInfo(); System.out.println(ssh.getFreeDisk()); ssh.disconnect(); } |
以上就是直接使用linux方式进行操作,不过需要注意的是,对于中文文件,在解压的时候,传入的时候会有可能乱码,需要加上参数,如unzip -O cp936 test.zip -d /home/tfxiaozi/test。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。