微信分享功能开发
用了一天时间,把微信发送给朋友和分享到朋友圈功能开发出来,在这里给大家分享一下,避免大家走弯路。
一、服务器端程序
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package com.wiimedia.controller; import java.io.IOException; import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.text.ParseException; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Date; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import com.google.gson.Gson; import com.wiimedia.model.Ticket; import com.wiimedia.service.ArticleSolrService; import com.wiimedia.service.TicketRepository; import com.wiimedia.service.TicketRepositorySolr; import com.wiimedia.utils.GetRandomStr; import com.wiimedia.utils.SignatureBean; import com.wiimedia.utils.weixin.WeixinUtil; /** * * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Package:com.wiimedia.controller</p> * *<p>Description:微信分享Controller</p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:34:10 * */ @Controller @RequestMapping ( "/WeixinshareController/Api/Inteface" ) public class WeixinshareController { @Autowired private TicketRepositorySolr ticketRepositorySolr; @RequestMapping ( "/getSignature" ) public String getSignature( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ParseException{ //获取签名页面链接 String url = request.getParameter( "url" ); SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat( "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" ); //从数据库中获取标签,并检查标签是否过期 Ticket oldticket = ticketRepositorySolr.getTicketById( "20160114wiimediamrylsong1152" ); if (oldticket== null ){ //第一次访问,标签不存在。 executeTicket(response, "1" ,url,format); return null ; } else { //标签存在,判断标签是否超时 String oldAcquiretime = oldticket.getAcquiretime(); long difference=format.parse(format.format( new Date())).getTime()-format.parse(oldAcquiretime).getTime(); if (difference> 7100000 ){ //标签超时,重新到微信服务器请求标签超时时间为7200秒(7200000毫秒) executeTicket(response, "2" ,url,format); return null ; } else { //标签未超时 /** * 注意事项 * 1.签名用的noncestr和timestamp必须与wx.config中的nonceStr和timestamp相同。 * 2.签名用的url必须是调用JS接口页面的完整URL。 * 3.出于安全考虑,开发者必须在服务器端实现签名的逻辑。 * ****根据第1点要求 signature 配置的时候很容易出错,需要把生成 Ticket的 noncestr和 timestamp传给客户端*** */ String signature = signature(oldticket.getTicket(),oldticket.getTimestamp(),oldticket.getNoncestr(),url); SignatureBean signatureBean = new SignatureBean(); signatureBean.setNoncestr(oldticket.getNoncestr()); signatureBean.setSignature(signature); signatureBean.setTimestamp(oldticket.getTimestamp()); signatureBean.setUrl(url); response.setContentType( "text/html;charset=UTF-8" ); response.getWriter().print( new Gson().toJson(signatureBean)); return null ; } } } /** * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Description:更新和获取ticket的方法,因为用的solr所以更新和新增是一样的ID无则添加,有责更新</p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:45:00 * */ public void executeTicket(HttpServletResponse response,String flag,String url,SimpleDateFormat format) throws IOException{ //获取签名随即字符串 GetRandomStr randomStr = new GetRandomStr(); String noncestr = randomStr.getRandomString( 15 ); //获取签名时间戳 String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis()); //请求accessToken String accessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=您的APPID&secret=您的密匙" ; String tokenJson = WeixinUtil.httpRequest(accessTokenUrl, "GET" , null ); Gson gson = new Gson(); ShareAccess_Token token = gson.fromJson(tokenJson, ShareAccess_Token. class ); String to= token.getAccess_token(); //获取标签 String urlTicket = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=" +to+ "&type=jsapi" ; String ticketJson = WeixinUtil.httpRequest(urlTicket, "GET" , null ); Ticket ticket = gson.fromJson(ticketJson, Ticket. class ); String t = ticket.getTicket(); //String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().trim().replaceAll("-", ""); //我的Ticket ID是写死的 String acquiretime = format.format( new Date()); ticket.setTid( "20160114wiimediamrylsong1152" ); ticket.setAcquiretime(acquiretime); ticket.setTimestamp(timestamp); ticket.setNoncestr(noncestr); //因为用的SOLR所以更新和添加的方法是一样的,可以根据自己具体需求进行修改,本文不再贴出代码. if (flag.equals( "2" )){ ticketRepositorySolr.addTicketToSolr(ticket); } else { ticketRepositorySolr.addTicketToSolr(ticket); } /** * 注意事项 * 1.签名用的noncestr和timestamp必须与wx.config中的nonceStr和timestamp相同。 * 2.签名用的url必须是调用JS接口页面的完整URL。 * 3.出于安全考虑,开发者必须在服务器端实现签名的逻辑。 * *根据第1点要求 signature 配置的时候很容易出错,需要把生成 Ticket的 noncestr和 timestamp传给客户端* */ String signature = signature(t,timestamp,noncestr,url); SignatureBean signatureBean = new SignatureBean(); signatureBean.setNoncestr(noncestr); signatureBean.setSignature(signature); signatureBean.setTimestamp(timestamp); signatureBean.setUrl(url); response.setContentType( "text/html;charset=UTF-8" ); response.getWriter().print( new Gson().toJson(signatureBean)); } /** * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Description:根据标签,时间戳,密匙,URL进行签名</p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:37:13 * */ private String signature(String jsapi_ticket, String timestamp, String noncestr, String url) { jsapi_ticket = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket; timestamp = "timestamp=" + timestamp; noncestr = "noncestr=" + noncestr; url = "url=" + url; String[] arr = new String[] { jsapi_ticket, timestamp, noncestr, url }; // 将token、timestamp、nonce,url参数进行字典序排序 Arrays.sort(arr); StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder(); for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr.length; i++) { content.append(arr[i]); if (i != arr.length - 1 ) { content.append( "&" ); } } MessageDigest md = null ; String tmpStr = null ; try { md = MessageDigest.getInstance( "SHA-1" ); // 将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密 byte [] digest = md.digest(content.toString().getBytes()); tmpStr = byteToStr(digest); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } content = null ; return tmpStr; } /** * 将字节转换为十六进制字符串 * * @param mByte * @return */ private static String byteToHexStr( byte mByte) { char [] Digit = { '0' , '1' , '2' , '3' , '4' , '5' , '6' , '7' , '8' , '9' , 'A' , 'B' , 'C' , 'D' , 'E' , 'F' }; char [] tempArr = new char [ 2 ]; tempArr[ 0 ] = Digit[(mByte >>> 4 ) & 0X0F ]; tempArr[ 1 ] = Digit[mByte & 0X0F ]; String s = new String(tempArr); return s; } /** * 将字节数组转换为十六进制字符串 * * @param byteArray * @return */ private static String byteToStr( byte [] byteArray) { String strDigest = "" ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < byteArray.length; i++) { strDigest += byteToHexStr(byteArray[i]); } return strDigest; } class ShareAccess_Token{ private String access_token; private String expires_in; public String getAccess_token() { return access_token; } public void setAccess_token(String accessToken) { access_token = accessToken; } public String getExpires_in() { return expires_in; } public void setExpires_in(String expiresIn) { expires_in = expiresIn; } } } |
二、客户端代码.
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<script type= "text/javascript" > var url = window.location.href; var articleId = "" ; var shareTitle= "明日医疗资讯" ; var shareImgUrl= "" ; var userinfo = localStorage.getItem( "_userinfo" ); var timestamp; var noncestr; var signature; //获取签名 $.ajax({ type: "GET" , url: "WeixinshareController/Api/Inteface/getSignature" , //data:{timestamp:timestamp,noncestr:noncestr,url:url}, data:{url:url}, success: function (data){ var objData=JSON.parse(data); timestamp=objData.timestamp; noncestr=objData.noncestr; signature=objData.signature; console.log(objData); wxShare(); } }); function wxShare(){ wx.config({ debug: false , // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来,若要查看传入的参数,可以在pc端打开,参数信息会通过log打出,仅在pc端时才会打印。 appId: '您的appid' , // 和获取Ticke的必须一样------必填,公众号的唯一标识 timestamp:timestamp, // 必填,生成签名的时间戳 nonceStr: noncestr, // 必填,生成签名的随机串 signature: signature, // 必填,签名,见附录1 jsApiList: [ 'onMenuShareAppMessage' ] // 必填,需要使用的JS接口列表,所有JS接口列表见附录2 }); } wx.ready( function (){ //config信息验证后会执行ready方法,所有接口调用都必须在config接口获得结果之后, //config是一个客户端的异步操作,所以如果需要在页面加载时就调用相关接口,则须把相关 //接口放在ready函数中调用来确保正确执行。对于用户触发时才调用的接口,则可以直接调用,不需要放在ready函数中。 //----------“分享给朋友” wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({ title: "明日医疗资讯" , // 分享标题 desc: shareTitle, // 分享描述 link: url, // 分享链接 imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享图标 type: '' , // 分享类型,music、video或link,不填默认为link dataUrl: '' , // 如果type是music或video,则要提供数据链接,默认为空 success: function () { // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数、 }, cancel: function () { // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数 } }); //------------"分享到朋友圈" wx.onMenuShareTimeline({ title: '明日医疗资讯' , // 分享标题 link: '' , // 分享链接 imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享图标 success: function () { // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数 }, cancel: function () { // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数 } }); //-------------分享到QQ wx.onMenuShareQQ({ title: '明日医疗资讯' , // 分享标题 desc: shareTitle, // 分享描述 link: '' , // 分享链接 imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享图标 success: function () { // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数 }, cancel: function () { // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数 } }); //-------------分享到QQ空间 wx.onMenuShareQZone({ title: '明日医疗资讯' , // 分享标题 desc: shareTitle, // 分享描述 link: '' , // 分享链接 imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享图标 success: function () { // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数 }, cancel: function () { // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数 } }); }); |
三、服务器需要的工具类和Model
① Ticket
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package com.wiimedia.model; public class Ticket{ private String tid; private String ticket; private String errcode; private String errmsg; private String expires_in; private String acquiretime; private String noncestr; private String timestamp; public Ticket(String tid, String ticket, String errcode, String errmsg, String expiresIn, String acquiretime, String noncestr, String timestamp) { super (); this .tid = tid; this .ticket = ticket; this .errcode = errcode; this .errmsg = errmsg; expires_in = expiresIn; this .acquiretime = acquiretime; this .noncestr = noncestr; this .timestamp = timestamp; } public String getTid() { return tid; } public void setTid(String tid) { this .tid = tid; } public String getTicket() { return ticket; } public void setTicket(String ticket) { this .ticket = ticket; } public String getErrcode() { return errcode; } public void setErrcode(String errcode) { this .errcode = errcode; } public String getErrmsg() { return errmsg; } public void setErrmsg(String errmsg) { this .errmsg = errmsg; } public String getExpires_in() { return expires_in; } public void setExpires_in(String expiresIn) { expires_in = expiresIn; } public String getAcquiretime() { return acquiretime; } public void setAcquiretime(String acquiretime) { this .acquiretime = acquiretime; } public String getNoncestr() { return noncestr; } public void setNoncestr(String noncestr) { this .noncestr = noncestr; } public String getTimestamp() { return timestamp; } public void setTimestamp(String timestamp) { this .timestamp = timestamp; } } |
② 添加到数据库的业务根据自己需要进行实现.
③ GetRandomStr
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package com.wiimedia.utils; import java.util.Random; public class GetRandomStr { /** * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Description:生成随即字符串 </p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-14 上午11:14:46 * */ public String getRandomString( int length) { String base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789" ; Random random = new Random(); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for ( int i = 0 ; i < length; i++) { int number = random.nextInt(base.length()); sb.append(base.charAt(number)); } return sb.toString(); } } |
④ SignatureBean
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package com.wiimedia.utils; public class SignatureBean { private String noncestr; private String url; private String timestamp; private String signature; public String getNoncestr() { return noncestr; } public void setNoncestr(String noncestr) { this .noncestr = noncestr; } public String getUrl() { return url; } public void setUrl(String url) { this .url = url; } public String getTimestamp() { return timestamp; } public void setTimestamp(String timestamp) { this .timestamp = timestamp; } public String getSignature() { return signature; } public void setSignature(String signature) { this .signature = signature; } } |
⑤ WeixinUtil
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package com.wiimedia.utils.weixin; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.ConnectException; import java.net.URL; import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; /** * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Description:公众平台接口工具类</p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:37:13 * */ public class WeixinUtil { /** * 发起https请求并获取结果 * * @param requestUrl 请求地址 * @param requestMethod 请求方式(GET、POST) * @param outputStr 提交的数据 * @return JSONObject(通过JSONObject.get(key)的方式获取json对象的属性值) */ public static String httpRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr) { StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); try { // 创建SSLContext对象,并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化 TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() }; SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance( "SSL" , "SunJSSE" ); sslContext.init( null , tm, new java.security.SecureRandom()); // 从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象 SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory(); URL url = new URL(requestUrl); HttpsURLConnection httpUrlConn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection(); httpUrlConn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf); httpUrlConn.setDoOutput( true ); httpUrlConn.setDoInput( true ); httpUrlConn.setUseCaches( false ); // 设置请求方式(GET/POST) httpUrlConn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod); if ( "GET" .equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod)) httpUrlConn.connect(); // 当有数据需要提交时 if ( null != outputStr) { OutputStream outputStream = httpUrlConn.getOutputStream(); // 注意编码格式,防止中文乱码 outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes( "UTF-8" )); outputStream.close(); } // 将返回的输入流转换成字符串 InputStream inputStream = httpUrlConn.getInputStream(); InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8" ); BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader); String str = null ; while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null ) { buffer.append(str); } bufferedReader.close(); inputStreamReader.close(); // 释放资源 inputStream.close(); inputStream = null ; httpUrlConn.disconnect(); return buffer.toString(); } catch (ConnectException ce) { ce.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return "" ; } } |
四、至此,分享功能已经开发完成,但是,在生成signature的时候会遇到很多问题,这里提供一些wx.config失败的排错方法。
① 确认自己的生成的signature是否正确
在微信提供的http://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=jsapisign进行校验
② wx.config中使用的noncestr, timestamp与用以签名中的对应noncestr, timestamp是否一致一致…如上面(一.服务器代码)
(有可能因为JS页面加载顺序问题,服务器生成的signature,noncestr,timestamp在wx.config中没有获取到)。
③ 确认url是页面完整的url,包括GET参数部分
需要去掉#后面的部分
④ config 中的 appid 与用来获取 jsapi_ticket 的 appid 是否一致
⑤ 报错{errmsg:config:ok}是debug的正常返回把调试模式关掉就OK
wx.config debug: false,
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。