服务器之家：专注于服务器技术及软件下载分享
分类导航

PHP教程|ASP.NET教程|Java教程|ASP教程|编程技术|正则表达式|C/C++|IOS|C#|Swift|Android|VB|R语言|JavaScript|易语言|vb.net|

服务器之家 - 编程语言 - Java教程 - springboot restTemplate连接池整合方式

springboot restTemplate连接池整合方式

2022-02-26 00:36程猿薇茑 Java教程

这篇文章主要介绍了springboot restTemplate连接池整合方式，具有很好的参考价值，希望对大家有所帮助。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教

springboot restTemplate连接池整合

restTemplate

使用http连接池能够减少连接建立与释放的时间，提升http请求的性能。如果客户端每次请求都要和服务端建立新的连接，即三次握手将会非常耗时。本文介绍如何在Springboot中集成http连接池；基于restTemplate+httpclient实现。

引入apache httpclient

?
1
2
3
4
5
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.6</version>
</dependency>

RestTemplate配置类

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
 * 实际开发中要避免每次http请求都实例化httpclient
 * restTemplate默认会复用连接,保证restTemplate单例即可
 * 参考资料：
 * https://www.cnblogs.com/xrq730/p/10963689.html
 * https://halfrost.com/advance_tcp/
 */
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {
    @Bean
    RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory) {
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(clientHttpRequestFactory);
        List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = restTemplate.getMessageConverters();
        for (HttpMessageConverter c : messageConverters) {
            if (c instanceof StringHttpMessageConverter) {
                ((StringHttpMessageConverter) c).setDefaultCharset(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
            }
        }
        return restTemplate;
    }
    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resttemplate")
    HttpClientProperties httpClientProperties() {
        return new HttpClientProperties();
    }
    @Bean
    ClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory(HttpClientProperties httpClientProperties) {
        //如果不使用HttpClient的连接池，则使用restTemplate默认的SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory,底层基于HttpURLConnection
        if (!httpClientProperties.isUseHttpClientPool()) {
            SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
            factory.setConnectTimeout(httpClientProperties.getConnectTimeout());
            factory.setReadTimeout(httpClientProperties.getReadTimeout());
            return factory;
        }
        //HttpClient4.3及以上版本不手动设置HttpClientConnectionManager,默认就会使用连接池PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager
        HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setMaxConnTotal(httpClientProperties.getMaxTotalConnect())
                .setMaxConnPerRoute(httpClientProperties.getMaxConnectPerRoute()).evictExpiredConnections()
                .evictIdleConnections(5000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).build();
        HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(httpClient);
        factory.setConnectTimeout(httpClientProperties.getConnectTimeout());
        factory.setReadTimeout(httpClientProperties.getReadTimeout());
        factory.setConnectionRequestTimeout(httpClientProperties.getConnectionRequestTimeout());
        return factory;
    }
}

RestTemplate连接池配置参数

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
public class HttpClientProperties {
    /**
     * 是否使用httpclient连接池
     */
    private boolean useHttpClientPool = false;
    /**
     * 从连接池中获得一个connection的超时时间
     */
    private int connectionRequestTimeout = 3000;
    /**
     * 建立连接超时时间
     */
    private int connectTimeout = 3000;
    /**
     * 建立连接后读取返回数据的超时时间
     */
    private int readTimeout = 5000;
    /**
     * 连接池的最大连接数，0代表不限
     */
    private int maxTotalConnect = 128;
    /**
     * 每个路由的最大连接数
     */
    private int maxConnectPerRoute = 32;
    public int getConnectionRequestTimeout() {
        return connectionRequestTimeout;
    }
    public void setConnectionRequestTimeout(int connectionRequestTimeout) {
        this.connectionRequestTimeout = connectionRequestTimeout;
    }
    public int getConnectTimeout() {
        return connectTimeout;
    }
    public void setConnectTimeout(int connectTimeout) {
        this.connectTimeout = connectTimeout;
    }
    public int getReadTimeout() {
        return readTimeout;
    }
    public void setReadTimeout(int readTimeout) {
        this.readTimeout = readTimeout;
    }
    public int getMaxTotalConnect() {
        return maxTotalConnect;
    }
    public void setMaxTotalConnect(int maxTotalConnect) {
        this.maxTotalConnect = maxTotalConnect;
    }
    public int getMaxConnectPerRoute() {
        return maxConnectPerRoute;
    }
    public void setMaxConnectPerRoute(int maxConnectPerRoute) {
        this.maxConnectPerRoute = maxConnectPerRoute;
    }
    public boolean isUseHttpClientPool() {
        return useHttpClientPool;
    }
    public void setUseHttpClientPool(boolean useHttpClientPool) {
        this.useHttpClientPool = useHttpClientPool;
    }
}

application.properties

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
spring.resttemplate.connectionRequestTimeout=3000
spring.resttemplate.connectTimeout=3000
spring.resttemplate.readTimeout=10000
spring.resttemplate.maxTotalConnect=256
spring.resttemplate.maxConnectPerRoute=128
spring.resttemplate.useHttpClientPool=true

测试带连接池的RestTemplate

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.util.UriComponentsBuilder;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RestTemplateTest {
    /**
     * 免费查询号码归属地接口
     */
    public String testUrl = "https://tcc.taobao.com/cc/json/mobile_tel_segment.htm";
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @Test
    public void testRest() {
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.set("Accept", "application/json");
        HttpEntity entity = new HttpEntity(headers);
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            String tel = getRandomTel();
            UriComponentsBuilder builder = UriComponentsBuilder.fromHttpUrl(testUrl).queryParam("tel", tel);
            System.out.println("发送请求：" + builder.build().encode().toUri());
            long startInner = System.currentTimeMillis();
            ResponseEntity<String> getDistrictRes = restTemplate.exchange(builder.build().encode().toUri(), HttpMethod.GET, entity, String.class);
            long endInner = System.currentTimeMillis();
            System.out.print("costPerRequest:" + (endInner - startInner) + ",i=" + i + "," + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            String resJson = getDistrictRes.getBody().split("=")[1];
            String carrier = (String) JSON.parseObject(resJson).get("carrier");
            System.out.println("," + tel + ",归属地:" + carrier);
        }
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("costTotal:" + (end - start));
    }
    private String getRandomTel() {
        List<String> telList = Arrays.asList("18120168516", "15952044278", "15537788259", "18751872329", "13913329187");
        int index = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(telList.size());
        return telList.get(index);
    }
}

测试比较发现，如果不设置ClientHttpRequestFactory，resttemplate默认会使用SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory，底层基于HttpURLConnection；这种方式和手动设置带连接池的httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory性能差别不大，基于httpclient的连接池性能稍有优势，不是太明显。

不管是使用restTemplate默认的SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory还是使用httpclient提供的HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory，都会进行连接复用，即只有第一次请求耗时较高，后面的请求都复用连接。

使用httpclient可以设置evictExpiredConnections、evictIdleConnections进行定时清理过期、闲置连接。底层是开启了一个线程去执行清理任务，因此注意不能多次实例化httpclient相关的实例，会导致不断创建线程。

注意事项

实际开发中要避免每次http请求都实例化httpclient

restTemplate默认会复用连接,保证restTemplate单例即

RestTemplate 配置http连接池

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.conn.HttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
 
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateUtil{
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
    RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build();
    restTemplate.setRequestFactory(clientHttpRequestFactory());
        // 使用 utf-8 编码集的 conver 替换默认的 conver（默认的 string conver 的编码集为"ISO-8859-1"）
        List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = restTemplate.getMessageConverters();
        Iterator<HttpMessageConverter<?>> iterator = messageConverters.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            HttpMessageConverter<?> converter = iterator.next();
            if (converter instanceof StringHttpMessageConverter) {
                iterator.remove();
            }
        }
        messageConverters.add(new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
        return restTemplate;
    }  
    
    @Bean
    public HttpClientConnectionManager poolingConnectionManager() {
    PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager poolingConnectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
    poolingConnectionManager.setMaxTotal(1000); // 连接池最大连接数 
    poolingConnectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(100); // 每个主机的并发
    return poolingConnectionManager;
    }
    
    @Bean
    public HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder() {
    HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();
        //设置HTTP连接管理器
    httpClientBuilder.setConnectionManager(poolingConnectionManager());
    return httpClientBuilder;
    }
    
    @Bean
    public ClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory() {
    HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();
    clientHttpRequestFactory.setHttpClient(httpClientBuilder().build());
    clientHttpRequestFactory.setConnectTimeout(6000); // 连接超时，毫秒       
    clientHttpRequestFactory.setReadTimeout(6000); // 读写超时，毫秒      
    return clientHttpRequestFactory;
    }
}

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。

原文链接：https://bigbird.blog.csdn.net/article/details/106861972

  • RestTemplate
  • springboot
  • 连接池

    • 延伸 · 阅读

    精彩推荐
    最近更新
    编辑推荐
    阅读排行
    热门标签
    501 　 406 　 415 　 2000 　 1433 　 401 　 330 　 htmlparser 　 选择排序法 　 随机抽取 　 内存卡 　 下载器 　 十六进制字符 　 响应 　 静态工厂 　 构造函数 　 swt 　 Overview 　 对象池模式 　 子线程 　 支票 　 金额大写转换 　 空心菱形 　 AspectJ 　 面向切面编程 　 方法名 　 网址信息 　 动态代理模式 　 线程安全 　 顺序结构 　
    © 2019-2022 服务器之家(www.zzvips.com) 版权所有关于我们联系我们版权申明网站地图