使用HTTPclient访问url获得数据
最近项目上有个小功能需要调用第三方的http接口取数据，用到了HTTPclient，算是做个笔记吧！
1、使用get方法取得数据
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/** * 根据URL试用get方法取得返回的数据 * @param url * URL地址，参数直接挂在URL后面即可 * @return */public static String getGetDateByUrl(String url){ String data = null; //构造HttpClient的实例 HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); //创建GET方法的实例 GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(url); //设置头信息：如果不设置User-Agent可能会报405，导致取不到数据 getMethod.setRequestHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:39.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/39.0"); //使用系统提供的默认的恢复策略 getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER, new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler()); try{ //开始执行getMethod int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod); if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) { System.err.println("Method failed:" + getMethod.getStatusLine()); } //读取内容 byte[] responseBody = getMethod.getResponseBody(); //处理内容 data = new String(responseBody); }catch (HttpException e){ //发生异常，可能是协议不对或者返回的内容有问题 System.out.println("Please check your provided http address!"); data = ""; e.printStackTrace(); }catch(IOException e){ //发生网络异常 data = ""; e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ //释放连接 getMethod.releaseConnection(); } return data; } |
2、使用POST方法取得数据
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/** * 根据post方法取得返回数据 * @param url * URL地址 * @param array * 需要以post形式提交的参数 * @return */public static String getPostDateByUrl(String url,Map<String ,String> array){ String data = null; //构造HttpClient的实例 HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); //创建post方法的实例 PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url); //设置头信息 postMethod.setRequestHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:39.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/39.0"); postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8"); //遍历设置要提交的参数 Iterator it = array.entrySet().iterator(); while (it.hasNext()){ Map.Entry<String,String> entry =(Map.Entry) it.next(); String key = entry.getKey(); String value = entry.getValue().trim(); postMethod.setParameter(key,value); } //使用系统提供的默认的恢复策略 postMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER, new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler()); try{ //执行postMethod int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod); if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) { System.err.println("Method failed:" + postMethod.getStatusLine()); } //读取内容 byte[] responseBody = postMethod.getResponseBody(); //处理内容 data = new String(responseBody); }catch (HttpException e){ //发生致命的异常，可能是协议不对或者返回的内容有问题 System.out.println("Please check your provided http address!"); data = ""; e.printStackTrace(); }catch(IOException e){ //发生网络异常 data = ""; e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ //释放连接 postMethod.releaseConnection(); } System.out.println(data); return data; } |
使用httpclient后台调用url方式
使用httpclient调用后台的时候接收url类型的参数需要使用UrlDecoder解码，调用的时候需要对参数使用UrlEncoder对参数进行编码，然后调用。
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@SuppressWarnings("deprecation") @RequestMapping(value = "/wechatSigns", produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8") @ResponseBody public String wechatSigns(HttpServletRequest request, String p6, String p13) { Map<String, String> ret = new HashMap<String, String>(); try { System.out.println("*****************************************p6:"+p6); URLDecoder.decode(p13); System.out.println("*****************************************p13:"+p13); String p10 = "{\"p1\":\"1\",\"p2\":\"\",\"p6\":\"" + p6 + "\",\"p13\":\"" + p13 + "\"}"; p10 = URLEncoder.encode(p10, "utf-8"); String url = WebserviceUtil.getGetSignatureUrl() + "?p10=" + p10; String result = WebConnectionUtil.sendGetRequest(url); JSONObject fromObject = JSONObject.fromObject(URLDecoder.decode(result, "utf-8")); System.out.println(fromObject); String resultCode = JSONObject.fromObject(fromObject.getString("meta")).getString("result"); if ("0".equals(resultCode)) { JSONObject fromObject2 = JSONObject.fromObject(fromObject.get("data")); String timestamp = fromObject2.getString("timestamp"); String appId = fromObject2.getString("appId"); String nonceStr = fromObject2.getString("nonceStr"); String signature = fromObject2.getString("signature"); ret.put("timestamp", timestamp); ret.put("appId", appId); ret.put("nonceStr", nonceStr); ret.put("signature", signature); JSONObject jo = JSONObject.fromObject(ret); return ResultJsonBean.success(jo.toString()); } else { String resultMsg = JSONObject.fromObject(fromObject.getString("meta")).getString("errMsg"); return ResultJsonBean.fail(ConnectOauthCodeInfo.REQ_WECHATTOCKEN_CODE, resultMsg, ""); } } catch (Exception e) { logger.error(e, e); return ResultJsonBean.fail(ConnectOauthCodeInfo.REQ_WECHATREQERROE_CODE, ConnectOauthCodeInfo.REQ_WECHATREQERROE_CODE, ""); } } |
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<pre name="code" class="java">package com.dcits.djk.core.util;import java.io.BufferedInputStream;import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.InputStream;import java.security.cert.CertificateException;import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Set; import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; public class WebConnectionUtil { public static String sendPostRequest(String url,Map paramMap,String userId){ CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null; CloseableHttpResponse response=null; try{ httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url); List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); if(userId != null || "".equals(userId) ){ formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("userId",userId)); } Set keSet=paramMap.entrySet(); for(Iterator itr=keSet.iterator();itr.hasNext();){ Map.Entry me=(Map.Entry)itr.next(); Object key=me.getKey(); Object valueObj=me.getValue(); String[] value=new String[1]; if(valueObj == null){ value[0] = ""; }else{ if(valueObj instanceof String[]){ value=(String[])valueObj; }else{ value[0]=valueObj.toString(); } } for(int k=0;k<value.length;k++){ formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key.toString(),StringUtil.filterSpecialChar(value[k]))); } } UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8"); httppost.setEntity(uefEntity); response = httpclient.execute(httppost); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){ HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); return resultInfo; }else{ return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + ""; } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpclient != null){ httpclient.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(response != null){ response.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return "404"; } public static String sendPostRequest(String url,Map paramMap){ CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null; CloseableHttpResponse response=null; try{ httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url); List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); Set keSet=paramMap.entrySet(); for(Iterator itr=keSet.iterator();itr.hasNext();){ Map.Entry me=(Map.Entry)itr.next(); Object key=me.getKey(); Object valueObj=me.getValue(); String[] value=new String[1]; if(valueObj == null){ value[0] = ""; }else{ if(valueObj instanceof String[]){ value=(String[])valueObj; }else{ value[0]=valueObj.toString(); } } for(int k=0;k<value.length;k++){ formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key.toString(),StringUtil.filterSpecialChar(value[k]))); } } UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8"); httppost.setEntity(uefEntity); response = httpclient.execute(httppost); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){ HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); return resultInfo; }else{ return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + ""; } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpclient != null){ httpclient.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(response != null){ response.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return "404"; } public static String downloadFileToImgService(String remoteUtl,String imgUrl,String tempUrl){ CloseableHttpClient httpclientRemote=null; CloseableHttpResponse responseRemote=null; CloseableHttpClient httpclientImg=null; CloseableHttpResponse responseImg=null; try{ httpclientRemote = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpGet httpgetRemote = new HttpGet(remoteUtl); responseRemote = httpclientRemote.execute(httpgetRemote); if(responseRemote.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200){ return ""; } HttpEntity resEntityRemote = responseRemote.getEntity(); InputStream isRemote = resEntityRemote.getContent(); //写入文件 File file = null; boolean isDownSuccess = true; BufferedOutputStream bos = null; try{ BufferedInputStream bif = new BufferedInputStream(isRemote); byte bf[] = new byte[28]; bif.read(bf); String suffix = FileTypeUtil.getSuffix(bf); file = new File(tempUrl + "/" + UuidUtil.get32Uuid()+suffix); bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file)); if(!file.exists()){ file.createNewFile(); } bos.write(bf, 0, 28); byte b[] = new byte[1024*3]; int len = 0; while((len=bif.read(b)) != -1){ bos.write(b, 0, len); } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); isDownSuccess = false; }finally{ try { if(bos != null){ bos.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(!isDownSuccess){ return ""; } httpclientImg = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpPost httpPostImg = new HttpPost(imgUrl); MultipartEntityBuilder requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); requestEntity.addBinaryBody("userFile", file); HttpEntity httprequestImgEntity = requestEntity.build(); httpPostImg.setEntity(httprequestImgEntity); responseImg = httpclientImg.execute(httpPostImg); if(responseImg.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200){ return ""; } HttpEntity entity = responseImg.getEntity(); String json = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); json = json.replaceAll("\"",""); String[] jsonMap = json.split(","); String resultInfo = ""; for(int i = 0;i < jsonMap.length;i++){ String str = jsonMap[i]; if(str.startsWith("url:")){ resultInfo = str.substring(4); }else if(str.startsWith("{url:")){ resultInfo = str.substring(5); } } if(resultInfo.endsWith("}")){ resultInfo = resultInfo.substring(0,resultInfo.length()-1); } try{ if(file != null){ file.delete(); } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return resultInfo; }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpclientRemote != null){ httpclientRemote.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(responseRemote != null){ responseRemote.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(httpclientImg != null){ httpclientImg.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(responseImg != null){ responseImg.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return ""; } public static String downloadFileToImgService(File file,String imgUrl){ CloseableHttpClient httpclientImg=null; CloseableHttpResponse responseImg=null; try{ httpclientImg = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpPost httpPostImg = new HttpPost(imgUrl); MultipartEntityBuilder requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); requestEntity.addBinaryBody("userFile", file); HttpEntity httprequestImgEntity = requestEntity.build(); httpPostImg.setEntity(httprequestImgEntity); responseImg = httpclientImg.execute(httpPostImg); if(responseImg.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200){ return ""; } HttpEntity entity = responseImg.getEntity(); String json = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); json = json.replaceAll("\"",""); String[] jsonMap = json.split(","); String resultInfo = ""; for(int i = 0;i < jsonMap.length;i++){ String str = jsonMap[i]; if(str.startsWith("url:")){ resultInfo = str.substring(4); }else if(str.startsWith("{url:")){ resultInfo = str.substring(5); } } if(resultInfo.endsWith("}")){ resultInfo = resultInfo.substring(0,resultInfo.length()-1); } return resultInfo; }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpclientImg != null){ httpclientImg.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(responseImg != null){ responseImg.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return ""; } public static String sendGetRequest(String url){ CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null; CloseableHttpResponse response=null; try{ httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); response = httpclient.execute(httpGet); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){ HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); return resultInfo; }else{ return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + ""; } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpclient != null){ httpclient.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(response != null){ response.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return "404"; } public static String sendHttpsPostRequestUseStream(String url,String param){ CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null; CloseableHttpResponse response=null; try{ SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); X509TrustManager xtm = new X509TrustManager() { public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }; TrustManager[] tm = {xtm}; ctx.init(null,tm,null); HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier(){ public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) { return true; } }; httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hv).setSSLContext(ctx).build(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); StringEntity strEntity = new StringEntity(param,"utf-8"); httpPost.setEntity(strEntity); response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){ HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); return resultInfo; }else{ return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + ""; } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpclient != null){ httpclient.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(response != null){ response.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return "404"; } public static String sendHttpsPostRequestUseStream(String url,Map paramMap){ CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null; CloseableHttpResponse response=null; try{ SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); X509TrustManager xtm = new X509TrustManager() { public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }; TrustManager[] tm = {xtm}; ctx.init(null,tm,null); HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier(){ public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) { return true; } }; httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hv).setSSLContext(ctx).build(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); Set keSet=paramMap.entrySet(); for(Iterator itr=keSet.iterator();itr.hasNext();){ Map.Entry me=(Map.Entry)itr.next(); Object key=me.getKey(); Object valueObj=me.getValue(); String[] value=new String[1]; if(valueObj == null){ value[0] = ""; }else{ if(valueObj instanceof String[]){ value=(String[])valueObj; }else{ value[0]=valueObj.toString(); } } for(int k=0;k<value.length;k++){ formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key.toString(),StringUtil.filterSpecialChar(value[k]))); } } UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8"); httpPost.setEntity(uefEntity); response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){ HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); return resultInfo; }else{ return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + ""; } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpclient != null){ httpclient.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(response != null){ response.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return "404"; } public static String sendHttpsGetRequestUseStream(String url){ CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null; CloseableHttpResponse response=null; try{ SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); X509TrustManager xtm = new X509TrustManager() { public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }; TrustManager[] tm = {xtm}; ctx.init(null,tm,null); HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier(){ public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) { return true; } }; httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hv).setSSLContext(ctx).build(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); response = httpclient.execute(httpGet); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){ HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); return resultInfo; }else{ return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + ""; } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpclient != null){ httpclient.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(response != null){ response.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return "404"; } public static String sendHttpsPostRequestUseStreamForYZL(String url,OauthToken param){ CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null; CloseableHttpResponse response=null; try{ SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); X509TrustManager xtm = new X509TrustManager() { public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }; TrustManager[] tm = {xtm}; ctx.init(null,tm,null); HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier(){ public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) { return true; } }; httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hv).setSSLContext(ctx).build(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); StringEntity strEntity = new StringEntity(param.toString(),"utf-8"); httpPost.setEntity(strEntity); httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){ HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); return resultInfo; }else{ return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + ""; } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpclient != null){ httpclient.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { if(response != null){ response.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return "404"; }} |
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：https://www.iteye.com/blog/quainter-2231502
