Dozer是Java Bean到Java Bean的映射器,它以递归的方式将数据从一个对象复制到另一个对象。通常,这些Java Bean将具有不同的复杂类型。它支持简单属性映射,复杂类型映射,双向映射,隐式显式映射,以及递归映射。这包括映射需要在元素层面上进行映射的集合属性。可以将Dozer用作两个对象之间属性转换的工具,使用它可以很方便地对项目中的DO、DTO、VO进行相互转换。
本文主要对SpringBoot2.x集成Dozer及其基本使用进行简单总结,其中SpringBoot使用的2.4.5
版本。
一、引入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>com.github.dozermapper</groupId> <artifactId>dozer-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>6.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- lombok插件 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.8</version> </dependency>
二、实体类
User类:
package com.rtxtitanv.model; import lombok.Data; import lombok.experimental.Accessors; import java.util.Date; /** * @author rtxtitanv * @version 1.0.0 * @name com.rtxtitanv.model.User * @description User * @date 2021/8/18 16:45 */ @Accessors(chain = true) @Data public class User { private Long id; private String name; private Integer age; private String gender; private String email; private Date birthday; }
UserDTO类:
package com.rtxtitanv.model; import lombok.Data; import lombok.experimental.Accessors; /** * @author rtxtitanv * @version 1.0.0 * @name com.rtxtitanv.model.UserDTO * @description UserDTO * @date 2021/8/18 16:45 */ @Accessors(chain = true) @Data public class UserDTO { private Long userId; private String userName; private Integer userAge; private String gender; private String email; private String birthday; }
三、编写配置文件
resources/dozer/
目录下创建Dozer的全局配置文件global-dozer.xml
:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <mappings xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping" xsi:schemaLocation="http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping.xsd"> <!-- 全局配置:<date-format>表示日期格式 --> <configuration> <date-format>yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss</date-format> </configuration> </mappings>
resources/dozer/
目录下创建Dozer的映射文件dozer.xml
:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <mappings xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping" xsi:schemaLocation="http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping.xsd"> <!-- 描述两个类中属性的对应关系,对于两个类中同名的属性可以不映射 --> <mapping date-format="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"> <class-a>com.rtxtitanv.model.User</class-a> <class-b>com.rtxtitanv.model.UserDTO</class-b> <field> <a>id</a> <b>userId</b> </field> <field> <a>name</a> <b>userName</b> </field> <field> <a>age</a> <b>userAge</b> </field> </mapping> </mappings>
resources
目录下创建application.yml
配置文件:
dozer: # 指定Dozer的映射配置文件位置 mapping-files: - classpath:dozer/global-dozer.xml - classpath:dozer/dozer.xml
四、创建测试类
创建单元测试类DozerTest
:
package com.rtxtitanv; import com.github.dozermapper.core.Mapper; import com.rtxtitanv.model.*; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import javax.annotation.Resource; /** * @author rtxtitanv * @version 1.0.0 * @name com.rtxtitanv.DozerTest * @description Dozer单元测试类 * @date 2021/8/18 16:44 */ @Slf4j @SpringBootTest class DozerTest { @Resource private Mapper mapper; @Test void test1() { UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setUserId(1L).setUserName("ZhaoYun").setGender("男").setUserAge(20).setEmail("zhaoyun@xxx.com") .setBirthday("2001/8/18 18:05:32"); User user = mapper.map(userDTO, User.class); log.info(user.toString()); UserDTO userDTO2 = mapper.map(user, UserDTO.class); log.info(userDTO2.toString()); } }
执行测试方法,发现User和UserDTO相互转换成功:
五、Dozer的基本使用
下面对Dozer的一些基本使用进行总结。Dozer支持注解、API、XML三种映射配置方式,XML方式比较常用,前面使用的也是XML映射配置方式。XML映射配置中mapping
元素的map-id
属性可以设置该映射的标识,通过此标识来确定使用该映射关系。
在dozer.xml
中新增以下配置:
<!-- map-id:映射的标识,通过此标识来确定使用该映射关系 --> <mapping date-format="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss" map-id="user"> <class-a>com.rtxtitanv.model.User</class-a> <class-b>com.rtxtitanv.model.UserDTO</class-b> <field> <a>id</a> <b>userId</b> </field> <field> <a>name</a> <b>userName</b> </field> <field> <a>age</a> <b>userAge</b> </field> </mapping>
新增以下测试方法:
@Test void test2() { UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setUserId(2L).setUserName("MaChao").setGender("男").setUserAge(21).setEmail("machao@xxx.com") .setBirthday("2000/6/15 08:45:20"); User user = mapper.map(userDTO, User.class, "user"); log.info(user.toString()); }
执行测试方法,发现转换成功:
在调用map
方法时也可以直接指定要转换的目标对象。新增以下测试方法:
@Test void test3() { UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setUserId(3L).setUserName("LiuBei").setGender("男").setUserAge(30).setEmail("liubei@xxx.com") .setBirthday("1991/1/20 13:36:55"); User user = new User(); mapper.map(userDTO, user, "user"); log.info(user.toString()); }
执行测试方法,发现转换成功:
通过field-exclude
标签可以设置不想进行转换的属性,这些属性在进行转换时会被自动排除。
在dozer.xml
中新增以下配置:
<mapping date-format="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss" map-id="user-exclude"> <class-a>com.rtxtitanv.model.User</class-a> <class-b>com.rtxtitanv.model.UserDTO</class-b> <field> <a>id</a> <b>userId</b> </field> <field> <a>name</a> <b>userName</b> </field> <field> <a>age</a> <b>userAge</b> </field> <field-exclude> <a>email</a> <b>email</b> </field-exclude> </mapping>
新增以下测试方法:
@Test void test4() { UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setUserId(1L).setUserName("ZhaoYun").setGender("男").setUserAge(20).setEmail("zhaoyun@xxx.com") .setBirthday("2001/8/18 18:05:32"); User user = mapper.map(userDTO, User.class, "user-exclude"); log.info(user.toString()); }
执行测试方法,发现email属性被成功排除:
Dozer中的映射方式默认都是双向映射,如果想让转换不可逆,即只需要单向转换,可以设置mapping
元素的type
属性为one-way
来开启单向映射。
在dozer.xml
中新增以下配置:
<!-- type="one-way"将映射设置为单向映射 --> <mapping date-format="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss" map-id="user-oneway" type="one-way"> <class-a>com.rtxtitanv.model.UserDTO</class-a> <class-b>com.rtxtitanv.model.User</class-b> <field> <a>userId</a> <b>id</b> </field> <field> <a>userName</a> <b>name</b> </field> <field> <a>userAge</a> <b>age</b> </field> </mapping>
新增以下测试方法:
@Test void test5() { UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setUserId(1L).setUserName("ZhaoYun").setGender("男").setUserAge(20).setEmail("zhaoyun@xxx.com") .setBirthday("2001/8/18 18:05:32"); User user = mapper.map(userDTO, User.class, "user-oneway"); log.info(user.toString()); UserDTO userDTO2 = mapper.map(user, UserDTO.class, "user-oneway"); log.info(userDTO2.toString()); }
执行测试方法,发现只有UserDTO转换为User成功:
当两个实体类中都嵌套有能够互相转换的实体类型属性时,也可以进行相互转换。
创建Order类:
package com.rtxtitanv.model; import lombok.Data; import lombok.experimental.Accessors; /** * @author rtxtitanv * @version 1.0.0 * @name com.rtxtitanv.model.Order * @description Order * @date 2021/8/18 16:45 */ @Accessors(chain = true) @Data public class Order { private Long id; private String number; private String description; private User user; }
创建OrderDTO类:
package com.rtxtitanv.model; import lombok.Data; import lombok.experimental.Accessors; /** * @author rtxtitanv * @version 1.0.0 * @name com.rtxtitanv.model.OrderDTO * @description OrderDTO * @date 2021/8/18 16:45 */ @Accessors(chain = true) @Data public class OrderDTO { private Long orderId; private String orderNumber; private String orderDescription; private UserDTO userDTO; }
在dozer.xml
中新增以下配置:
<mapping date-format="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss" map-id="order"> <class-a>com.rtxtitanv.model.Order</class-a> <class-b>com.rtxtitanv.model.OrderDTO</class-b> <field> <a>id</a> <b>orderId</b> </field> <field> <a>number</a> <b>orderNumber</b> </field> <field> <a>description</a> <b>orderDescription</b> </field> <field> <a>user</a> <b>userDTO</b> </field> </mapping>
新增以下测试方法:
@Test void test6() { OrderDTO orderDTO = new OrderDTO(); UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO().setUserId(6L).setUserName("DiaoChan").setGender("女").setUserAge(18) .setEmail("diaochan@xxx.com").setBirthday("2003/12/27 23:10:36"); orderDTO.setOrderId(1L).setOrderNumber("78956328").setOrderDescription("二两麻辣牛肉面").setUserDTO(userDTO); Order order = mapper.map(orderDTO, Order.class, "order"); log.info(order.toString()); OrderDTO orderDTO2 = mapper.map(order, OrderDTO.class, "order"); log.info(orderDTO2.toString()); }
执行测试方法,发现Order和OrderDTO相互转换成功:
Dozer还可以对深层属性进行映射,即深度映射。例如一个对象中的String类型属性可以与另一个对象中嵌套的对象的属性进行映射。
创建UserInfo类:
package com.rtxtitanv.model; import lombok.Data; import lombok.experimental.Accessors; /** * @author rtxtitanv * @version 1.0.0 * @name com.rtxtitanv.model.UserInfo * @description UserInfo * @date 2021/8/18 16:45 */ @Accessors(chain = true) @Data public class UserInfo { private String gender; private String email; private String birthday; }
创建UserInfoDTO类:
package com.rtxtitanv.model; import lombok.Data; import lombok.experimental.Accessors; /** * @author rtxtitanv * @version 1.0.0 * @name com.rtxtitanv.model.UserInfoDTO * @description UserInfoDTO * @date 2021/8/18 16:45 */ @Accessors(chain = true) @Data public class UserInfoDTO { private Long userId; private String userName; private Integer userAge; private UserInfo userInfo; }
在dozer.xml
中新增以下配置:
<mapping date-format="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss" map-id="user-deep-mapping"> <class-a>com.rtxtitanv.model.UserInfoDTO</class-a> <class-b>com.rtxtitanv.model.User</class-b> <field> <a>userId</a> <b>id</b> </field> <field> <a>userName</a> <b>name</b> </field> <field> <a>userAge</a> <b>age</b> </field> <field> <a>userInfo.gender</a> <b>gender</b> </field> <field> <a>userInfo.email</a> <b>email</b> </field> <field> <a>userInfo.birthday</a> <b>birthday</b> </field> </mapping>
新增以下测试方法:
@Test void test7() { UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo(); userInfo.setGender("男").setEmail("zhaoyun@xxx.com").setBirthday("2001/8/18 18:05:32"); UserInfoDTO userInfoDTO = new UserInfoDTO(); userInfoDTO.setUserId(1L).setUserName("ZhaoYun").setUserAge(20).setUserInfo(userInfo); User user = mapper.map(userInfoDTO, User.class, "user-deep-mapping"); log.info(user.toString()); }
执行测试方法,发现UserInfoDTO成功转换为User:
Dozer还支持注解方式配置映射,使用@Mapping
注解可以进行一些简单的映射处理。
创建UserEntity类:
package com.rtxtitanv.model; import com.github.dozermapper.core.Mapping; import lombok.Data; import lombok.experimental.Accessors; /** * @author rtxtitanv * @version 1.0.0 * @name com.rtxtitanv.model.UserEntity * @description UserEntity * @date 2021/8/18 16:45 */ @Accessors(chain = true) @Data public class UserEntity { @Mapping(value = "userId") private Long id; @Mapping(value = "userName") private String name; @Mapping(value = "userAge") private Integer age; private String gender; private String email; private String birthday; }
@Mapping
只需要在源类中指定目标类中对应的属性即可。
创建UserVO类:
package com.rtxtitanv.model; import lombok.Data; import lombok.experimental.Accessors; import java.util.Date; /** * @author rtxtitanv * @version 1.0.0 * @name com.rtxtitanv.model.UserVO * @description UserVO * @date 2021/8/18 16:45 */ @Accessors(chain = true) @Data public class UserVO { private Long userId; private String userName; private Integer userAge; private String gender; private String email; private Date birthday; }
新增以下测试方法:
@Test void test8() { UserEntity userEntity = new UserEntity(); userEntity.setId(1L).setName("ZhaoYun").setGender("男").setAge(20).setEmail("zhaoyun@xxx.com") .setBirthday("2001/8/18 18:05:32"); UserVO userVO = mapper.map(userEntity, UserVO.class); log.info(userVO.toString()); }
执行测试方法,发现转换成功:
代码示例
Github:https://github.com/RtxTitanV/springboot-learning/tree/master/springboot2.x-learning/springboot-dozer
Gitee:https://gitee.com/RtxTitanV/springboot-learning/tree/master/springboot2.x-learning/springboot-dozer
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/RtxTitanV/article/details/119852463