1,基本介绍
Restful接口的调用,前端一般使用ajax调用,后端可以使用的方法比较多,
本次介绍三种:
1.HttpURLConnection实现
2.HttpClient实现
3.Spring的RestTemplate
2,HttpURLConnection实现
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@Controller public class RestfulAction { @Autowired private UserService userService; // 修改 @RequestMapping (value = "put/{param}" , method = RequestMethod.PUT) public @ResponseBody String put( @PathVariable String param) { return "put:" + param; } // 新增 @RequestMapping (value = "post/{param}" , method = RequestMethod.POST) public @ResponseBody String post( @PathVariable String param,String id,String name) { System.out.println( "id:" +id); System.out.println( "name:" +name); return "post:" + param; } // 删除 @RequestMapping (value = "delete/{param}" , method = RequestMethod.DELETE) public @ResponseBody String delete( @PathVariable String param) { return "delete:" + param; } // 查找 @RequestMapping (value = "get/{param}" , method = RequestMethod.GET) public @ResponseBody String get( @PathVariable String param) { return "get:" + param; } // HttpURLConnection 方式调用Restful接口 // 调用接口 @RequestMapping (value = "dealCon/{param}" ) public @ResponseBody String dealCon( @PathVariable String param) { try { String url = "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/" ; url+=(param+ "/xxx" ); URL restServiceURL = new URL(url); HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection) restServiceURL .openConnection(); //param 输入小写,转换成 GET POST DELETE PUT httpConnection.setRequestMethod(param.toUpperCase()); // httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json"); if ( "post" .equals(param)){ //打开输出开关 httpConnection.setDoOutput( true ); // httpConnection.setDoInput(true); //传递参数 String input = "&id=" + URLEncoder.encode( "abc" , "UTF-8" ); input+= "&name=" + URLEncoder.encode( "啊啊啊" , "UTF-8" ); OutputStream outputStream = httpConnection.getOutputStream(); outputStream.write(input.getBytes()); outputStream.flush(); } if (httpConnection.getResponseCode() != 200 ) { throw new RuntimeException( "HTTP GET Request Failed with Error code : " + httpConnection.getResponseCode()); } BufferedReader responseBuffer = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader((httpConnection.getInputStream()))); String output; System.out.println( "Output from Server: \n" ); while ((output = responseBuffer.readLine()) != null ) { System.out.println(output); } httpConnection.disconnect(); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return "success" ; } } |
3.HttpClient实现
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package com.taozhiye.controller; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.taozhiye.entity.User; import com.taozhiye.service.UserService; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; @Controller public class RestfulAction { @Autowired private UserService userService; // 修改 @RequestMapping (value = "put/{param}" , method = RequestMethod.PUT) public @ResponseBody String put( @PathVariable String param) { return "put:" + param; } // 新增 @RequestMapping (value = "post/{param}" , method = RequestMethod.POST) public @ResponseBody User post( @PathVariable String param,String id,String name) { User u = new User(); System.out.println(id); System.out.println(name); u.setName(id); u.setPassword(name); u.setEmail(id); u.setUsername(name); return u; } // 删除 @RequestMapping (value = "delete/{param}" , method = RequestMethod.DELETE) public @ResponseBody String delete( @PathVariable String param) { return "delete:" + param; } // 查找 @RequestMapping (value = "get/{param}" , method = RequestMethod.GET) public @ResponseBody User get( @PathVariable String param) { User u = new User(); u.setName(param); u.setPassword(param); u.setEmail(param); u.setUsername( "爱爱啊" ); return u; } @RequestMapping (value = "dealCon2/{param}" ) public @ResponseBody User dealCon2( @PathVariable String param) { User user = null ; try { HttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault(); if ( "get" .equals(param)){ HttpGet request = new HttpGet( "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/get/" + "啊啊啊" ); request.setHeader( "Accept" , "application/json" ); HttpResponse response = client.execute(request); HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); user = mapper.readValue(entity.getContent(), User. class ); } else if ( "post" .equals(param)){ HttpPost request2 = new HttpPost( "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/post/xxx" ); List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); nvps.add( new BasicNameValuePair( "id" , "啊啊啊" )); nvps.add( new BasicNameValuePair( "name" , "secret" )); UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, "GBK" ); request2.setEntity(formEntity); HttpResponse response2 = client.execute(request2); HttpEntity entity = response2.getEntity(); ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); user = mapper.readValue(entity.getContent(), User. class ); } else if ( "delete" .equals(param)){ } else if ( "put" .equals(param)){ } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return user; } } |
4.Spring的RestTemplate
springmvc.xml增加
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<!-- 配置RestTemplate --> <!--Http client Factory --> < bean id = "httpClientFactory" class = "org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory" > < property name = "connectTimeout" value = "10000" /> < property name = "readTimeout" value = "10000" /> </ bean > <!--RestTemplate --> < bean id = "restTemplate" class = "org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate" > < constructor-arg ref = "httpClientFactory" /> </ bean > |
controller
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@Controller public class RestTemplateAction { @Autowired private RestTemplate template; @RequestMapping ( "RestTem" ) public @ResponseBody User RestTem(String method) { User user = null ; //查找 if ( "get" .equals(method)) { user = template.getForObject( "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/get/{id}" , User. class , "呜呜呜呜" ); //getForEntity与getForObject的区别是可以获取返回值和状态、头等信息 ResponseEntity<User> re = template. getForEntity( "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/get/{id}" , User. class , "呜呜呜呜" ); System.out.println(re.getStatusCode()); System.out.println(re.getBody().getUsername()); //新增 } else if ( "post" .equals(method)) { HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); headers.add( "X-Auth-Token" , UUID.randomUUID().toString()); MultiValueMap<String, String> postParameters = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, String>(); postParameters.add( "id" , "啊啊啊" ); postParameters.add( "name" , "部版本" ); HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, String>> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, String>>( postParameters, headers); user = template.postForObject( "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/post/aaa" , requestEntity, User. class ); //删除 } else if ( "delete" .equals(method)) { template.delete( "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/delete/{id}" , "aaa" ); //修改 } else if ( "put" .equals(method)) { template.put( "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/put/{id}" , null , "bbb" ); } return user; } } |
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原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/yuluoxingkong/p/8818538.html