前言
该篇介绍的内容如题,就是利用redis实现接口的限流( 某时间范围内 最大的访问次数 ) 。
正文
惯例,先看下我们的实战目录结构:
首先是pom.xml 核心依赖:
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<!--用于redis数据库连接--> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactid> </dependency> <!--用于redis lettuce 连接池pool使用--> <dependency> <groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid> <artifactid>commons-pool2</artifactid> </dependency> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid> </dependency> |
然后是application.yml里面的redis接入配置:
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spring: redis: lettuce: pool: #连接池最大连接数 使用负值代表无限制 默认为 8 max-active: 10 #最大空闲连接 默认 8 max-idle: 10 #最小空闲连接 默认 0 min-idle: 1 host: 127.0 . 0.1 password: 123456 port: 6379 database: 0 timeout: 2000ms server: port: 8710 |
redis的配置类, redisconfig.java:
ps:可以看到日期是18年的,因为这些redis的整合教程,在这个系列里面一共有快10篇,不了解的看客如果感兴趣可以去看一看。
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import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.jsonautodetect; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.propertyaccessor; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.objectmapper; import org.springframework.cache.cachemanager; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.enablecaching; import org.springframework.context.annotation.bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.configuration; import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.rediscacheconfiguration; import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.rediscachemanager; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.redisconnectionfactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.redistemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.stringredistemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.jackson2jsonredisserializer; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.redisserializationcontext; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.stringredisserializer; import static org.springframework.data.redis.cache.rediscacheconfiguration.defaultcacheconfig; /** * @author: jcccc * @createtime: 2018-09-11 * @description: */ @configuration @enablecaching public class redisconfig { @bean public cachemanager cachemanager(redisconnectionfactory connectionfactory) { rediscacheconfiguration cacheconfiguration = defaultcacheconfig() .disablecachingnullvalues() .serializevalueswith(redisserializationcontext.serializationpair.fromserializer( new jackson2jsonredisserializer(object. class ))); return rediscachemanager.builder(connectionfactory).cachedefaults(cacheconfiguration).build(); } @bean public redistemplate<string, object> redistemplate(redisconnectionfactory factory) { redistemplate<string, object> redistemplate = new redistemplate<>(); redistemplate.setconnectionfactory(factory); jackson2jsonredisserializer jackson2jsonredisserializer = new jackson2jsonredisserializer(object. class ); objectmapper om = new objectmapper(); om.setvisibility(propertyaccessor.all, jsonautodetect.visibility.any); om.enabledefaulttyping(objectmapper.defaulttyping.non_final); jackson2jsonredisserializer.setobjectmapper(om); //序列化设置 ,这样为了存储操作对象时正常显示的数据,也能正常存储和获取 redistemplate.setkeyserializer( new stringredisserializer()); redistemplate.setvalueserializer(jackson2jsonredisserializer); redistemplate.sethashkeyserializer( new stringredisserializer()); redistemplate.sethashvalueserializer(jackson2jsonredisserializer); return redistemplate; } @bean public stringredistemplate stringredistemplate(redisconnectionfactory factory) { stringredistemplate stringredistemplate = new stringredistemplate(); stringredistemplate.setconnectionfactory(factory); return stringredistemplate; } } |
自定义注解:
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import java.lang.annotation.*; /** * @author jcccc * @description * @date 2021/7/23 11:46 */ @inherited @documented @target ({elementtype.field, elementtype.type, elementtype.method}) @retention (retentionpolicy.runtime) public @interface requestlimit { /** * 时间内 秒为单位 */ int second() default 10 ; /** * 允许访问次数 */ int maxcount() default 5 ; //默认效果 : 10秒内 对于使用该注解的接口,只能总请求访问数 不能大于 5次 } |
接下来是拦截器 requestlimitinterceptor.java:
拦截接口的方式 是通过 ip地址+接口url ,做时间内的访问计数
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import com.elegant.testdemo.annotation.requestlimit; import com.elegant.testdemo.utils.iputil; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.objectmapper; import org.slf4j.logger; import org.slf4j.loggerfactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.redistemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.component; import org.springframework.web.method.handlermethod; import org.springframework.web.servlet.handlerinterceptor; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse; import java.io.ioexception; import java.util.concurrent.timeunit; /** * @author jcccc * @description * @date 2021/7/23 11:49 */ @component public class requestlimitinterceptor implements handlerinterceptor { private final logger log = loggerfactory.getlogger( this .getclass()); @autowired private redistemplate<string, object> redistemplate; @override public boolean prehandle(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response, object handler) throws exception { try { if (handler instanceof handlermethod) { handlermethod handlermethod = (handlermethod) handler; // 获取requestlimit注解 requestlimit requestlimit = handlermethod.getmethodannotation(requestlimit. class ); if ( null ==requestlimit) { return true ; } //限制的时间范围 int seconds = requestlimit.second(); //时间内的 最大次数 int maxcount = requestlimit.maxcount(); string ipaddr = iputil.getipaddr(request); // 存储key string key = ipaddr+ ":" +request.getcontextpath() + ":" + request.getservletpath(); // 已经访问的次数 integer count = (integer) redistemplate.opsforvalue().get(key); log.info( "检测到目前ip对接口={}已经访问的次数" , request.getservletpath() , count); if ( null == count || - 1 == count) { redistemplate.opsforvalue().set(key, 1 , seconds, timeunit.seconds); return true ; } if (count < maxcount) { redistemplate.opsforvalue().increment(key); return true ; } log.warn( "请求过于频繁请稍后再试" ); returndata(response); return false ; } return true ; } catch (exception e) { log.warn( "请求过于频繁请稍后再试" ); e.printstacktrace(); } return true ; } public void returndata(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception { response.setcharacterencoding( "utf-8" ); response.setcontenttype( "application/json; charset=utf-8" ); objectmapper objectmapper = new objectmapper(); //这里传提示语可以改成自己项目的返回数据封装的类 response.getwriter().println(objectmapper.writevalueasstring( "请求过于频繁请稍后再试" )); return ; } } |
接下来是 拦截器的配置 webconfig.java:
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import com.elegant.testdemo.interceptor.requestlimitinterceptor; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.interceptorregistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.webmvcconfigurer; /** * @author jcccc * @description * @date 2021/7/23 11:52 */ @configuration public class webconfig implements webmvcconfigurer { @autowired private requestlimitinterceptor requestlimitinterceptor; @override public void addinterceptors(interceptorregistry registry) { registry.addinterceptor(requestlimitinterceptor) //拦截所有请求路径 .addpathpatterns( "/**" ) //再设置 放开哪些路径 .excludepathpatterns( "/static/**" , "/auth/login" ); } } |
最后还有两个工具类
iputil:
redisutil :
最后写个测试接口
testcontroller.java
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import com.elegant.testdemo.annotation.requestlimit; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.getmapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller; /** * @author jcccc * @description * @date 2021/7/23 11:55 */ @restcontroller public class testcontroller { @getmapping ( "/test" ) @requestlimit (maxcount = 3 ,second = 60 ) public string test() { return "你好,如果对你有帮助,请点赞加关注。" ; } } |
这个/test接口的注解,我们设置的是 60秒内 最大访问次数为 3次 (实际应用应该是根据具体接口做相关的次数限制。)
然后使用postman测试一下接口:
前面三次都是请求通过的:
第四次:
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35387940/article/details/119116534