需求背景
闲话不扯,直奔主题。需要和web前端建立长链接,互相实时通讯,因此想到了websocket,后面随着需求的变更,需要用户订阅主题,实现消息的精准推送,发布订阅等,则想到了STOMP(Simple Text-Orientated Messaging Protocol) 面向消息的简单文本协议。
websocket协议
想到了之前写的一个websocket长链接的demo,也贴上代码供大家参考。
pom文件
直接引入spring-boot-starter-websocket即可。
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
- </dependency>
声明websocket endpoint
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;
- /**
- * @ClassName WebSocketConfig
- * @Author scott
- * @Date 2021/6/16
- * @Version V1.0
- **/
- @Configuration
- public class WebSocketConfig {
- /**
- * 注入一个ServerEndpointExporter,该Bean会自动注册使用@ServerEndpoint注解申明的websocket endpoint
- */
- @Bean
- public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() {
- return new ServerEndpointExporter();
- }
- }
websocket实现类,其中通过注解监听了各种事件,实现了推送消息等相关逻辑
- import com.google.common.cache.Cache;
- import com.google.common.cache.CacheBuilder;
- import com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.AjaxResult;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
- import javax.websocket.*;
- import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
- import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
- import java.util.Objects;
- import java.util.Set;
- import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
- /**
- * @ClassName: DataTypePushWebSocket
- * @Author: scott
- * @Date: 2021/6/16
- **/
- @ServerEndpoint(value = "/ws/dataType/push/{token}")
- @Component
- public class DataTypePushWebSocket {
- private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DataTypePushWebSocket.class);
- /**
- * 记录当前在线连接数
- */
- private static AtomicInteger onlineCount = new AtomicInteger(0);
- private static Cache<String, Session> SESSION_CACHE = CacheBuilder.newBuilder()
- .initialCapacity(10)
- .maximumSize(300)
- .expireAfterWrite(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES)
- .build();
- /**
- * 连接建立成功调用的方法
- */
- @OnOpen
- public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("token")String token) {
- String sessionId = session.getId();
- onlineCount.incrementAndGet(); // 在线数加1
- this.sendMessage("sessionId:" + sessionId +",已经和server建立连接", session);
- SESSION_CACHE.put(sessionId,session);
- log.info("有新连接加入:{},当前在线连接数为:{}", session.getId(), onlineCount.get());
- }
- /**
- * 连接关闭调用的方法
- */
- @OnClose
- public void onClose(Session session,@PathParam("token")String token) {
- onlineCount.decrementAndGet(); // 在线数减1
- SESSION_CACHE.invalidate(session.getId());
- log.info("有一连接关闭:{},当前在线连接数为:{}", session.getId(), onlineCount.get());
- }
- /**
- * 收到客户端消息后调用的方法
- *
- * @param message 客户端发送过来的消息
- */
- @OnMessage
- public void onMessage(String message, Session session,@PathParam("token")String token) {
- log.info("服务端收到客户端[{}]的消息:{}", session.getId(), message);
- this.sendMessage("服务端已收到推送消息:" + message, session);
- }
- @OnError
- public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) {
- log.error("发生错误");
- error.printStackTrace();
- }
- /**
- * 服务端发送消息给客户端
- */
- private static void sendMessage(String message, Session toSession) {
- try {
- log.info("服务端给客户端[{}]发送消息{}", toSession.getId(), message);
- toSession.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- log.error("服务端发送消息给客户端失败:{}", e);
- }
- }
- public static AjaxResult sendMessage(String message, String sessionId){
- Session session = SESSION_CACHE.getIfPresent(sessionId);
- if(Objects.isNull(session)){
- return AjaxResult.error("token已失效");
- }
- sendMessage(message,session);
- return AjaxResult.success();
- }
- public static AjaxResult sendBroadcast(String message){
- long size = SESSION_CACHE.size();
- if(size <=0){
- return AjaxResult.error("当前没有在线客户端,无法推送消息");
- }
- ConcurrentMap<String, Session> sessionConcurrentMap = SESSION_CACHE.asMap();
- Set<String> keys = sessionConcurrentMap.keySet();
- for (String key : keys) {
- Session session = SESSION_CACHE.getIfPresent(key);
- DataTypePushWebSocket.sendMessage(message,session);
- }
- return AjaxResult.success();
- }
- }
至此websocket服务端代码已经完成。
stomp协议
前端代码.这个是在某个vue工程中写的js,各位大佬自己动手改改即可。其中Settings.wsPath是后端定义的ws地址例如ws://localhost:9003/ws
- import Stomp from 'stompjs'
- import Settings from '@/settings.js'
- export default {
- // 是否启用日志 默认启用
- debug:true,
- // 客户端连接信息
- stompClient:{},
- // 初始化
- init(callBack){
- this.stompClient = Stomp.client(Settings.wsPath)
- this.stompClient.hasDebug = this.debug
- this.stompClient.connect({},suce =>{
- this.console("连接成功,信息如下 ↓")
- this.console(this.stompClient)
- if(callBack){
- callBack()
- }
- },err => {
- if(err) {
- this.console("连接失败,信息如下 ↓")
- this.console(err)
- }
- })
- },
- // 订阅
- sub(address,callBack){
- if(!this.stompClient.connected){
- this.console("没有连接,无法订阅")
- return
- }
- // 生成 id
- let timestamp= new Date().getTime() + address
- this.console("订阅成功 -> "+address)
- this.stompClient.subscribe(address,message => {
- this.console(address+" 订阅消息通知,信息如下 ↓")
- this.console(message)
- let data = message.body
- callBack(data)
- },{
- id: timestamp
- })
- },
- unSub(address){
- if(!this.stompClient.connected){
- this.console("没有连接,无法取消订阅 -> "+address)
- return
- }
- let id = ""
- for(let item in this.stompClient.subscriptions){
- if(item.endsWith(address)){
- id = item
- break
- }
- }
- this.stompClient.unsubscribe(id)
- this.console("取消订阅成功 -> id:"+ id + " address:"+address)
- },
- // 断开连接
- disconnect(callBack){
- if(!this.stompClient.connected){
- this.console("没有连接,无法断开连接")
- return
- }
- this.stompClient.disconnect(() =>{
- console.log("断开成功")
- if(callBack){
- callBack()
- }
- })
- },
- // 单位 秒
- reconnect(time){
- setInterval(() =>{
- if(!this.stompClient.connected){
- this.console("重新连接中...")
- this.init()
- }
- },time * 1000)
- },
- console(msg){
- if(this.debug){
- console.log(msg)
- }
- },
- // 向订阅发送消息
- send(address,msg) {
- this.stompClient.send(address,{},msg)
- }
- }
后端stomp config,里面都有注释,写的很详细,并且我加入了和前端的心跳ping pong。
- package com.cn.scott.config;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
- /**
- * @ClassName: WebSocketStompConfig
- * @Author: scott
- * @Date: 2021/7/8
- **/
- @Configuration
- @EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
- public class WebSocketStompConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
- private static long HEART_BEAT=10000;
- @Override
- public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
- //允许使用socketJs方式访问,访问点为webSocket,允许跨域
- //在网页上我们就可以通过这个链接
- //ws://127.0.0.1:port/ws来和服务器的WebSocket连接
- registry.addEndpoint("/ws").setAllowedOrigins("*");
- }
- @Override
- public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
- ThreadPoolTaskScheduler te = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler();
- te.setPoolSize(1);
- te.setThreadNamePrefix("wss-heartbeat-thread-");
- te.initialize();
- //基于内存的STOMP消息代理来代替mq的消息代理
- //订阅Broker名称,/user代表点对点即发指定用户,/topic代表发布广播即群发
- //setHeartbeatValue 设置心跳及心跳时间
- registry.enableSimpleBroker("/user", "/topic").setHeartbeatValue(new long[]{HEART_BEAT,HEART_BEAT}).setTaskScheduler(te);
- //点对点使用的订阅前缀,不设置的话,默认也是/user/
- registry.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user/");
- }
- }
后端stomp协议接受、订阅等动作通知
- package com.cn.scott.ws;
- import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.DestinationVariable;
- import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
- import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;
- import org.springframework.messaging.simp.annotation.SubscribeMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
- /**
- * @ClassName StompSocketHandler
- * @Author scott
- * @Date 2021/6/30
- * @Version V1.0
- **/
- @RestController
- public class StompSocketHandler {
- @Autowired
- private SimpMessagingTemplate simpMessagingTemplate;
- /**
- * @MethodName: subscribeMapping
- * @Description: 订阅成功通知
- * @Param: [id]
- * @Return: void
- * @Author: scott
- * @Date: 2021/6/30
- **/
- @SubscribeMapping("/user/{id}/listener")
- public void subscribeMapping(@DestinationVariable("id") final long id) {
- System.out.println(">>>>>>用户:"+id +",已订阅");
- SubscribeMsg param = new SubscribeMsg(id,String.format("用户【%s】已订阅成功", id));
- sendToUser(param);
- }
- /**
- * @MethodName: test
- * @Description: 接收订阅topic消息
- * @Param: [id, msg]
- * @Return: void
- * @Author: scott
- * @Date: 2021/6/30
- **/
- @MessageMapping(value = "/user/{id}/listener")
- public void UserSubListener(@DestinationVariable long id, String msg) {
- System.out.println("收到客户端:" +id+",的消息");
- SubscribeMsg param = new SubscribeMsg(id,String.format("已收到用户【%s】发送消息【%s】", id,msg));
- sendToUser(param);
- }
- @GetMapping("/refresh/{userId}")
- public void refresh(@PathVariable Long userId, String msg) {
- StompSocketHandler.SubscribeMsg param = new StompSocketHandler.SubscribeMsg(userId,String.format("服务端向用户【%s】发送消息【%s】", userId,msg));
- sendToUser(param);
- }
- /**
- * @MethodName: sendToUser
- * @Description: 推送消息给订阅用户
- * @Param: [userId]
- * @Return: void
- * @Author: scott
- * @Date: 2021/6/30
- **/
- public void sendToUser(SubscribeMsg screenChangeMsg){
- //这里可以控制权限等。。。
- simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(screenChangeMsg.getUserId().toString(),"/listener", JSON.toJSONString(screenChangeMsg));
- }
- /**
- * @MethodName: sendBroadCast
- * @Description: 发送广播,需要用户事先订阅广播
- * @Param: [topic, msg]
- * @Return: void
- * @Author: scott
- * @Date: 2021/6/30
- **/
- public void sendBroadCast(String topic,String msg){
- simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend(topic,msg);
- }
- /**
- * @ClassName: SubMsg
- * @Author: scott
- * @Date: 2021/6/30
- **/
- public static class SubscribeMsg {
- private Long userId;
- private String msg;
- public SubscribeMsg(Long UserId, String msg){
- this.userId = UserId;
- this.msg = msg;
- }
- public Long getUserId() {
- return userId;
- }
- public String getMsg() {
- return msg;
- }
- }
- }
连接展示
建立连接成功,这里可以看出是基于websocket协议
连接信息
ping pong
调用接口向订阅用户1发送消息,http://localhost:9003/refresh/1?msg=HelloStomp,可以在客户端控制台查看已经收到了消息。这个时候不同用户通过自己的userId可以区分订阅的主题,可以做到通过userId精准的往客户端推送消息。
还记得我们在后端配置的时候还指定了广播的订阅主题/topic,这时我们前端通过js只要订阅了这个主题,那么后端在像这个主题推送消息时,所有订阅的客户端都能收到,感兴趣的小伙伴可以自己试试,api我都写好了。
至此,实战完毕,喜欢的小伙伴麻烦关注加点赞。
springboot + stomp后端源码地址:https://gitee.com/ErGouGeSiBaKe/stomp-server
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/u010786653/article/details/118578178