这里对tomcat7的server.xml文件进行解释一下,方便在分析启动源码的时候理解Digester做的事情。
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<? xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'utf-8' ?> < Server port = "8005" shutdown = "SHUTDOWN" > < Listener className = "org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" /> < Listener className = "org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" /> < Listener className = "org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine = "on" /> < Listener className = "org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" /> < Listener className = "org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /> < Listener className = "org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> < Listener className = "org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" /> < GlobalNamingResources > < Resource name = "UserDatabase" auth = "Container" type = "org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" description = "User database that can be updated and saved" factory = "org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" pathname = "conf/tomcat-users.xml" /> </ GlobalNamingResources > < Service name = "Catalina" > < Executor name = "tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix = "catalina-exec-" maxThreads = "150" minSpareThreads = "4" /> < Connector port = "8080" protocol = "HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout = "20000" redirectPort = "8443" /> < Connector executor = "tomcatThreadPool" port = "8080" protocol = "HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout = "20000" redirectPort = "8443" /> < Connector port = "8443" protocol = "org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol" maxThreads = "150" SSLEnabled = "true" scheme = "https" secure = "true" clientAuth = "false" sslProtocol = "TLS" /> < Connector port = "8009" protocol = "AJP/1.3" redirectPort = "8443" /> < Engine name = "Catalina" defaultHost = "localhost" > < Cluster className = "org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" /> < Realm className = "org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm" > < Realm className = "org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName = "UserDatabase" /> </ Realm > < Host name = "localhost" appBase = "webapps" unpackWARs = "true" autoDeploy = "true" > < Valve className = "org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> < Valve className = "org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory = "logs" prefix = "localhost_access_log." suffix = ".txt" pattern = "%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /> </ Host > </ Engine > </ Service > </ Server > |
Server
tomcat中Server代表一个tomcat实例,所以只会存在一个Server,而在配置文件中也是作为顶级元素出现,代码如下:
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< Server port = "8005" shutdown = "SHUTDOWN" > 。。。 </ Server > |
- port,监听shutdown命令的端口,-1表示禁用shutdown命令。
- shutdown,关闭tomcat的指令。
Listener
监听器,用来监听某些事件的发生。
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
VersionLoggerListener,启动时对tomcat,java,操作系统信息打印日志。
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
SecurityListener,启动tomcat时,做一些安全检查。
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
AprLifecycleListener,用来监听Apache服务器相关的。
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
JasperListener,Jasper 2 JSP 引擎,主要负责对更新之后的jsp进行重新编译。
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener,防止内存溢出的监听器。
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener,初始化定义在元素GlobalNamingResources下的全局JNDI资源
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener,防止ThreadLocal溢出监听器。
GlobalNamingResources
GlobalNamingResources定义Server的全局JNDI资源。可以为所有的引擎应用程序引用。
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< GlobalNamingResources > < Resource name = "UserDatabase" auth = "Container" type = "org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" description = "User database that can be updated and saved" factory = "org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" pathname = "conf/tomcat-users.xml" /> </ GlobalNamingResources > |
配置文件中定义了一个JNDI,名为UserDatabase,通过conf/tomcat-users.xml
的内容,来得到一个用于授权用户的数据库,是一个内存数据库。
Service
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< Service name = "Catalina" > 。。。 </ Service > |
Server下面可以有多个Service,Service下面有多个Connector和一个Engine。这里默认的Service名字为Catalina,下面有两个Connector:Http和AJP。
- name,Service显示的名称,名字必须唯一。
Connector
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< Connector port = "8080" protocol = "HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout = "20000" redirectPort = "8443" /> |
上面是用来处理http请求的Connector。
- port,端口号8080。
- protocol,协议,http协议
- connectionTimeout,响应的最大等待时间,20秒
- redirectPort,ssl请求会重定向到8443端口
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< Connector executor = "tomcatThreadPool" port = "8080" protocol = "HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout = "20000" redirectPort = "8443" /> |
上面是使用线程池,处理http请求。
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< Connector port = "8443" protocol = "org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol" maxThreads = "150" SSLEnabled = "true" scheme = "https" secure = "true" clientAuth = "false" sslProtocol = "TLS" /> |
上面处理ssl请求,端口是8443。
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< Connector port = "8009" protocol = "AJP/1.3" redirectPort = "8443" /> |
上面处理AJP请求,可以将tomcat和apache的http服务器一起运行。
Engine
Engine是容器,一个Service中只包含一个Engine:
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< Engine name = "Catalina" defaultHost = "localhost" > ... </ Engine > |
Engine下面可以包含一个多或者多个Host。Engine从http请求的头信息中的主机名或者ip映射到真确的主机上。
- name,Engine的名字,需要唯一。
- defaultHost,默认主机名
Cluster
集群相关的配置。tomcat支持服务器集群,可以复制整个集群的回话和上下文属性,也可以部署一个war包到所有的集群上。
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< Cluster className = "org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" /> |
Realm
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< Realm className = "org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm" > < Realm className = "org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName = "UserDatabase" /> </ Realm > |
Realm是一个包含user、password、role的数据库,Realm可以定义在任何容器中。这里通过外部资源UserDatabase进行认证。
Host
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< Host name = "localhost" appBase = "webapps" unpackWARs = "true" autoDeploy = "true" > < Valve className = "org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> < Valve className = "org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory = "logs" prefix = "localhost_access_log." suffix = ".txt" pattern = "%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /> </ Host > |
Host虚拟主机,定义在Engine下面,一个Engine下面可以有多个Host,在一个Host下面可以有多个Context。
- name,虚拟主机的网络名称,必须有一个host的名字和Engine的defaulHost一样。
- appBase,虚拟主机应用的根目录,默认是webapps。
- unpackWARs,在webapps目录下的war文件是否应该解压。
- autoDeploy,值为true时,tomcat会定时检查appBase等目录,对新的web应用和Context描述文件进行部署。
Value
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< Valve className = "org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> < Valve className = "org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory = "logs" prefix = "localhost_access_log." suffix = ".txt" pattern = "%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /> |
Value在这里是阀门的意思,可以拦截http请求,可以定义在任何容器中。
SingleSignOn 是单点登录,AccessLogValve是访问日志的记录。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://cxis.me/2017/05/16/tomcat7%E7%9A%84server.xml%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90/?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral