方式一:采用servletcontext读取
获取配置文件的realpath,然后通过文件流读取出来或者通过方法getreasurceasstream()。
因为是用servletcontext读取文件路径,所以配置文件可以放入在web-inf的classes目录中,也可以在应用层级及web-inf的目录中。文件存放位置具体在eclipse工程中的表现是:可以放在src下面,也可放在web-inf及web-root下面等。因为是读取出路径后,用文件流进行读取的,所以可以读取任意的配置文件包括xml和properties。缺点:不能在servlet外面应用读取配置信息。
1.首先创建一个动态的javaweb项目,项目目录如下:
2.创建一个servlet(filereader.java)
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package com.xia.filereader; import java.io.fileinputstream; import java.io.ioexception; import java.io.inputstream; import java.io.inputstreamreader; import java.text.messageformat; import java.util.properties; import javax.servlet.servletexception; import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse; public class filereader extends httpservlet { private static final long serialversionuid = 1l; protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { /** * response.setcontenttype("text/html;charset=utf-8");目的是控制浏览器用utf-8进行解码; * 这样就不会出现中文乱码了 */ response.setheader( "content-type" , "text/html;charset=utf-8" ); readsrcdirpropcfgfile(response); //读取src目录下的db1.properties配置文件 response.getwriter().println( "<hr/>" ); readwebrootdirpropcfgfile(response); //读取webroot目录下的db2.properties配置文件 response.getwriter().println( "<hr/>" ); readsrcsourcepackpropcfgfile(response); //读取src目录下的config目录中的db3.properties配置文件 response.getwriter().println( "<hr/>" ); readwebinfpropcfgfile(response); //读取web-inf目录下的jdbc目录中的db4.properties配置文件 } public void readsrcdirpropcfgfile(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception { string path = "/web-inf/classes/db1.properties" ; inputstream in = this .getservletcontext().getresourceasstream(path); properties props = new properties(); props.load(in); string driver = props.getproperty( "jdbc.driver" ); string url = props.getproperty( "jdbc.url" ); string username = props.getproperty( "jdbc.username" ); string password = props.getproperty( "jdbc.password" ); response.getwriter().println( "读取src目录下的db1.properties配置文件" ); response.getwriter().println(messageformat.format( "driver={0},url={1},username={2},password={3}" , driver,url, username, password)); } public void readwebrootdirpropcfgfile(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception{ string path = "/db2.properties" ; inputstream in = this .getservletcontext().getresourceasstream(path); properties props = new properties(); props.load(in); string driver = props.getproperty( "jdbc.driver" ); string url = props.getproperty( "jdbc.url" ); string username = props.getproperty( "jdbc.username" ); string password = props.getproperty( "jdbc.password" ); response.getwriter().println( "读取webroot目录下的db2.properties配置文件" ); response.getwriter().println(messageformat.format( "driver={0},url={1},username={2},password={3}" , driver,url, username, password)); } public void readsrcsourcepackpropcfgfile(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception { string path = "/web-inf/classes/config/db3.properties" ; string realpath = this .getservletcontext().getrealpath(path); inputstreamreader reader = new inputstreamreader( new fileinputstream(realpath), "utf-8" ); properties props = new properties(); props.load(reader); string driver = props.getproperty( "jdbc.driver" ); string url = props.getproperty( "jdbc.url" ); string username = props.getproperty( "jdbc.username" ); string password = props.getproperty( "jdbc.password" ); response.getwriter().println( "读取src目录下的config目录中的db3.properties配置文件" ); response.getwriter().println(messageformat.format( "driver={0},url={1},username={2},password={3}" , driver,url, username, password)); } public void readwebinfpropcfgfile(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception { string path = "/web-inf/jdbc/db4.properties" ; string realpath = this .getservletcontext().getrealpath(path); system.out.println( "realpath:" +realpath); system.out.println( "contextpath:" + this .getservletcontext().getcontextpath()); inputstreamreader reader = new inputstreamreader( new fileinputstream(realpath), "utf-8" ); properties props = new properties(); props.load(reader); string driver = props.getproperty( "jdbc.driver" ); string url = props.getproperty( "jdbc.url" ); string username = props.getproperty( "jdbc.username" ); string password = props.getproperty( "jdbc.password" ); response.getwriter().println( "读取web-inf目录下的jdbc目录中的db4.properties配置文件" ); response.getwriter().println(messageformat.format( "driver={0},url={1},username={2},password={3}" , driver,url, username, password)); } protected void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { } } |
3.配置servlet(web.xml)
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <web-app xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemalocation= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id= "webapp_id" version= "3.0" > <display-name>javareaderfile</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file> default .html</welcome-file> <welcome-file> default .htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file> default .jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <servlet> <servlet-name>filereader</servlet-name> <servlet- class >com.xia.filereader.filereader</servlet- class > </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>filereader</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/filereader</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> |
4.测试
方式二:采用resourcebundle类读取配置信息
优点是:可以以完全限定类名的方式加载资源后,直接的读取出来,且可以在非web应用中读取资源文件。
缺点:只能加载类src下面的资源文件且只能读取.properties文件。
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/** * 获取指定配置文件中所有的数据 * @param propertyname * 调用方式: * 1.配置文件放在resource源包下,不用加后缀 * propertiesutil.getallmessage("message"); * 2.放在包里面的 * propertiesutil.getallmessage("com.test.message"); * @return */ public static list<string> getallmessage(string propertyname) { // 获得资源包 resourcebundle rb = resourcebundle.getbundle(propertyname.trim()); // 通过资源包拿到所有的key enumeration<string> allkey = rb.getkeys(); // 遍历key 得到 value list<string> vallist = new arraylist<string>(); while (allkey.hasmoreelements()) { string key = allkey.nextelement(); string value = (string) rb.getstring(key); vallist.add(value); } return vallist; } |
方式三:采用classloader方式进行读取配置信息
优点是:可以在非web应用中读取配置资源信息,可以读取任意的资源文件信息
缺点:只能加载类src下面的资源文件,不适合装载大文件,否则会导致jvm内存溢出
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package com.xia.filereader; import java.io.bufferedreader; import java.io.ioexception; import java.io.inputstream; import java.io.inputstreamreader; import java.util.properties; public class readbyclassloader { public static void main(string[] args) throws ioexception { readpropfilebyclassload(); } public static void readpropfilebyclassload() throws ioexception{ //读取src下面config包内的配置文件db3.properties inputstream in = readbyclassloader. class .getclassloader().getresourceasstream( "config/db3.properties" ); bufferedreader br = new bufferedreader( new inputstreamreader(in)); properties props = new properties(); props.load(br); for (object s: props.keyset()){ system.out.println(s+ ":" +props.getproperty(s.tostring())); } } } |
方式四: propertiesloaderutils工具类
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/** * spring 提供的 propertiesloaderutils 允许您直接通过基于类路径的文件地址加载属性资源 * 最大的好处就是:实时加载配置文件,修改后立即生效,不必重启 */ private static void springutil(){ properties props = new properties(); while ( true ){ try { props=propertiesloaderutils.loadallproperties( "message.properties" ); for (object key:props.keyset()){ system.out.print(key+ ":" ); system.out.println(props.get(key)); } } catch (ioexception e) { system.out.println(e.getmessage()); } try {thread.sleep( 5000 );} catch (interruptedexception e) {e.printstacktrace();} } } |
修改properties
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/** * 传递键值对的map,更新properties文件 * * @param filename * 文件名(放在resource源包目录下),需要后缀 * @param keyvaluemap * 键值对map */ public static void updateproperties(string filename,map<string, string> keyvaluemap) { //getresource方法使用了utf-8对路径信息进行了编码,当路径中存在中文和空格时,他会对这些字符进行转换,这样, //得到的往往不是我们想要的真实路径,在此,调用了urldecoder的decode方法进行解码,以便得到原始的中文及空格路径。 string filepath = propertiesutil. class .getclassloader().getresource(filename).getfile(); properties props = null ; bufferedwriter bw = null ; try { filepath = urldecoder.decode(filepath, "utf-8" ); log.debug( "updateproperties propertiespath:" + filepath); props = propertiesloaderutils.loadproperties( new classpathresource(filename)); log.debug( "updateproperties old:" +props); // 写入属性文件 bw = new bufferedwriter( new outputstreamwriter( new fileoutputstream(filepath))); props.clear(); // 清空旧的文件 for (string key : keyvaluemap.keyset()) props.setproperty(key, keyvaluemap.get(key)); log.debug( "updateproperties new:" +props); props.store(bw, "" ); } catch (ioexception e) { log.error(e.getmessage()); } finally { try { bw.close(); } catch (ioexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } } } |
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的javaweb读取配置文件的四种方法,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持!
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/zywglove/article/details/79579677