Java API
既然你已经知道如何配置 MyBatis 和创建映射文件,你就已经准备好来提升技能了。 MyBatis 的 Java API 就是你收获你所做的努力的地方。正如你即将看到的,和 JDBC 相比, MyBatis 很大程度简化了你的代码而且保持简洁,很容易理解和维护。MyBatis 3 已经引入 了很多重要的改进来使得 SQL 映射更加优秀。
MyBatis 3构建在基于全面且强大的Java配置API上。该配置API是基于XML的MyBatis配置的基础,也是新的基于注解配置的基础。
注解提供了一种简单的方式来实现简单映射语句,而不会引入大量的开销。
Mybatis常用注解对应的目标和标签如表所示:
注解 | 目标 | 对应的XML标签 |
@CacheNamespace | 类 | <cache> |
@CacheNamespaceRef | 类 | <cacheRef> |
@Results | 方法 | <resultMap> |
@Result | 方法 |
<result> <id> |
@One | 方法 | <association> |
@Many | 方法 | <collection> |
@Insert @Update @Delete |
方法 |
<insert> <update> <delete> |
@InsertProvider @UpdateProvider @DeleteProvider @SelectProvider |
方法 |
<insert> <update> <delete> <select> 允许创建动态SQL |
@Param | 参数 | N/A |
@Options | 方法 | 映射语句的属性 |
@select | 方法 | <select> |
Mybatis常用注解的含义:
@CacheNamespace(size = 512):定义在该命名空间内允许使用内置缓存
@Options(useCache = true, flushCache = false, timeout = 10000):一些查询的选项开关
@Param("id"):全局限定别名,定义查询参数在sql语句中的位置不再是顺序下标0,1,2,3......的形式,而是对应名称,该名称在此处定义。
@Results是以@Result为元素的数组,@Result表示单条属性——字段的映射关系,id = true表示该id字段是主键,查询时mybatis会给予必要的优化。数组中所有的@Result组成了单个记录的映射关系,而@Results则是单个记录的集合。另外,还有一个非常重要的注解@ResultMap,其与@Results类似
@Select("查询语句")、@Insert("增加语句")、@Update("更新语句")和@Delete("删除语句")表示对数据进行查询、添加、更新和删除的操作。
接下来,咱们来看一下注解的使用。
(1) 常规注解使用(不需要自定义map的操作):
示例1
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//添加作者 @Insert ( "Insertinto Author(username,password,email,address,phone) " + "values(#{username},#{password},#{email},#{address},#{phone})" ) @Options (useGeneratedKeys= true ,keyProperty= "authId" ,flushCache= false , timeout = 10000 ) public voidaddAuthor(Author author); //删除作者 @Delete ( "deletefrom author where id = #{id}" ) @Options (flushCache= false , timeout = 10000 ) public voiddeleteAuthor( @Param ( "id" ) int id); |
提示: 调用方法前需要注册映射器:
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sessionFactory.getConfiguration().addMapper(TestInteger. class ); |
或者在mapper.xml中配置<mapper class="映射器接口路径"></mapper>
注册之后再获取mapper接口正常调用
(2)有需要自定义map的情况可以使用Results注解:
示例2
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//查询所有作者信息 @Select ( "select * from author" ) @Options (flushCache = false , timeout = 10000 ,useCache= true ) @Results ( value = { @Result (id= true ,column= "id" ,property= "id" ), @Result (property= "username" ,column= "username" ), @Result (property= "password" ,column= "password" ), @Result (property= "email" ,column= "email" ), @Result (property= "address" ,column= "address" ), @Result (property= "phone" ,column= "phone" ) } ) public List<Author> findAuthors(); //查询某作者信息 @Select ( "select * from author where id =#{id}" ) @Options (flushCache = false , timeout = 10000 ,useCache= true ) @Results ( value = { @Result (id= true ,column= "id" ,property= "id" ), @Result (property= "username" ,column= "username" ), @Result (property= "password" ,column= "password" ), @Result (property= "email" ,column= "email" ), @Result (property= "address" ,column= "address" ), @Result (property= "phone" ,column= "phone" ) } ) public Author findAuthorById( @Param ( "id" ) intid); |
如果多个查询返回的结果集结构都一样,可以使用@ResultMap定义返回结构,使用该注解,你将不得不在你的映射文件中配置你的resultMap,而@ResultMap(value = "名")即为映射文件中的resultMap ID,如此一来,你需要在<mapper>中注册你的配置文件,在接口中使用@ResultMap来引用配置文件中的resultMap ID如下:
示例3
SelfMapper.xml
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//每行记录是一个hashmap < resultMaptype = "java.util.HashMap" id = "selfMap" > < resultproperty = "n" column = "city_name" /> ............... </ resultMap > |
SelfMapper.java:
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@Select ( "select a.id,b.name,c.state from..........." ) @ResultMap (value= "selfMap" ) public List<HashMap> sel(); //注意,返回的是List集合 |
完整案例
接口代码
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package com.obtk.dao; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Options; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Result; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Results; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select; import com.obtk.entitys.StudentEntity; public interface IStudentDao { @Insert ( "insert into Student(stuName,gender,age,address,deptIdd)" + "values(#{stuName},#{gender},#{age},#{address},#{deptIdd})" ) @Options (useGeneratedKeys= true ,keyProperty= "stuId" ) int saveOne(StudentEntity stu); @Select ( "select * from Student where stuId=#{stuId}" ) @Results ( //只要配置和列名不一致的属性 value={ @Result (column= "gender" ,property= "sex" ) } ) StudentEntity queryById(Integer stuId); @Select ( "select * from Student where gender=#{qqq} and address=#{area}" ) @Results ( //只要配置和列名不一致的属性 value={ @Result (column= "gender" ,property= "sex" ) } ) List<StudentEntity> queryByMany(HashMap theMap); //万能关联注解配置 @Select ( "select * from student s inner join department d" + " on s.deptIdd=d.deptId" + " where s.gender=#{sex}" + " and d.departName=#{deptName}" ) List<HashMap> queryByQnn(HashMap theMap); } |
案例1 查询一个对象
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package com.obtk.test; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import com.obtk.dao.IStudentDao; import com.obtk.entitys.StudentEntity; import com.obtk.utils.MybatisUtil; public class AnnoSelectOne { public static void main(String[] args) { SqlSession session= null ; SqlSessionFactory factory= null ; try { session=MybatisUtil.getSession(); factory=MybatisUtil.getFactory(); //把接口里面的sql配置和核心配置文件进行关联 factory.getConfiguration().addMapper(IStudentDao. class ); IStudentDao stuDao=session.getMapper(IStudentDao. class ); StudentEntity stu=stuDao.queryById( 129 ); System.out.println(stu.getStuName()+ "," +stu.getSex() + "," +stu.getAddress()+ "," +stu.getStuId()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { MybatisUtil.closeSession(); } } } |
案例2 传递多个参数,查询多个对象
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package com.obtk.test; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import com.obtk.dao.IStudentDao; import com.obtk.entitys.StudentEntity; import com.obtk.utils.MybatisUtil; public class AnnoSelectMany { public static void main(String[] args) { SqlSession session= null ; SqlSessionFactory factory= null ; try { session=MybatisUtil.getSession(); factory=MybatisUtil.getFactory(); //把接口里面的sql配置和核心配置文件进行关联 factory.getConfiguration().addMapper(IStudentDao. class ); IStudentDao stuDao=session.getMapper(IStudentDao. class ); HashMap paramMap= new HashMap(); paramMap.put( "qqq" , "男" ); paramMap.put( "area" , "学生宿舍" ); List<StudentEntity> stuList=stuDao.queryByMany(paramMap); for (StudentEntity stu :stuList){ System.out.println(stu.getStuName()+ "," +stu.getSex() + "," +stu.getAddress()+ "," +stu.getStuId()); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { MybatisUtil.closeSession(); } } } |
案例3 添加对象
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package com.obtk.test; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import com.obtk.dao.IStudentDao; import com.obtk.entitys.StudentEntity; import com.obtk.utils.MybatisUtil; public class AnnoSaveTest { public static void main(String[] args) { SqlSession session= null ; SqlSessionFactory factory= null ; try { session=MybatisUtil.getSession(); factory=MybatisUtil.getFactory(); //把接口里面的sql配置和核心配置文件进行关联 factory.getConfiguration().addMapper(IStudentDao. class ); IStudentDao stuDao=session.getMapper(IStudentDao. class ); StudentEntity stu= new StudentEntity( "testC#" , "男" , 21 , "冥王星" ); stu.setDeptIdd( 10 ); int result=stuDao.saveOne(stu); session.commit(); System.out.println( "保存成功:" +stu.getStuId()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { MybatisUtil.closeSession(); } } } |
案例4 利用hashmap进行关联查询
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package com.obtk.test; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import com.obtk.dao.IStudentDao; import com.obtk.entitys.StudentEntity; import com.obtk.utils.MybatisUtil; public class AnnoJoinQnn { public static void main(String[] args) { SqlSession session= null ; SqlSessionFactory factory= null ; try { //4.得到session session=MybatisUtil.getSession(); factory=MybatisUtil.getFactory(); //把接口里面的sql配置和核心配置文件进行关联 factory.getConfiguration().addMapper(IStudentDao. class ); IStudentDao stuDao=session.getMapper(IStudentDao. class ); HashMap paramMap= new HashMap(); paramMap.put( "sex" , "男" ); paramMap.put( "deptName" , "计算机系" ); //5.执行语句 List<HashMap> stuList=stuDao.queryByQnn(paramMap); for (HashMap theObj : stuList){ System.out.println(theObj.get( "stuId" )+ "," +theObj.get( "gender" ) + "," +theObj.get( "stuName" )+ "," +theObj.get( "departName" )); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { MybatisUtil.closeSession(); } } } |
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/wx5040257/article/details/78768467