SpringMVC的Controller用于处理用户的请求。Controller相当于Struts1里的Action,他们的实现机制、运行原理都类似
Controller是个接口,一般直接继承AbstrcatController,并实现handleRequestInternal方法。handleRequestInternal方法相当于Struts1的execute方法
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import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController; public class CatController extends AbstractController{ private ICatService catService; //setter、getter略 protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ String action =request.getParameter( "action" ); if ( "list" .equals(action)){ return this .list(request,response); } } protected ModelAndView list(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ List<Cat> catList =catService.listCat(); request.setAttribute( "catList" , catList); return new ModelAndView( "cat/listCat" ); } } |
SpringMVC没有内置数据的封装,开发者可以自己封装数据转换代码
SpringMVC独特的地方在于view层的处理上。handleRequestInternal返回ModelAndView对象,可以看做是对JSP对象的封装。ModelAndIView直接接受JSP页面的路径。例如参数"cat/listCat",只是JSP路径的一部分,实际完整的路径是"WEB-INF/jsp/cat/catList.jsp",路径前后的部分是配置在配置文件中的
除了制定JSP路径,ModelAndView还可以直接传递Model对象到View层,而不用事先放到request中,例如newModelAndView("cat/listCat","cat",cat),如果传递多个参数,可以使用Map,如
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Map map = newHashMap(); map.put( "cat" ,cat); map.put( "catList" ,catList); return new ModelAndView( "cat/listCat" ,map); |
一般使用一个独立的xml文件如spring-action.xml专门配置web相关的组件
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!DCTYPEbeans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> < beans > < bean id = "viewResolver" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" > < property name = "prefix" > < value >/WEB-INF/jsp/</ value > <!-- JSP前缀--> </ property > < property name = "suffix" > < value >.jsp</ value > <!-- JSP后缀--> </ property > <!-- 配置URL Mapping--> < bean id = "urlHandlerMapping" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandleMapping" > < property name = "mappings" > < props ><!—Controller的URL会被配置成"cat.mvc"--> < prop key = "cat.mvc" >catController</ prop > < props > </ property > </ bean > < bean id = "catController" class = "com.clf.spring.CatController" > < property name = "catService" ref = "catService" ></ property > </ bean > </ beans > web.xml配置 < context-param > <!-- Spring配置文件的位置--> < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name > < param-value > /WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml, /WEB-INF/classes/spring-action.xml </ param-value > </ context-param > < listener > <!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件--> < listener-class > org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </ listener-class > </ listener > < servlet > <!-- spring分发器--> < servlet-name >spring</ servlet-name > < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</ servlet-class > < init-param > < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name > < param-value >/WEB-INF/classes/spring-action.xml</ param-value > </ init-param > < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup > <!-- 启动时加载--> </ servlet > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name > spring</ servlet-name > < url >*.mvc</ url > </ servlet-mapping > |
如果一个Controller要处理多个业务逻辑,可以使用MultiActionController,相当于Struts 1中的DispatchAction,能根据某个参数将不同的请求分发到不同的方法上
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import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController; public class CatController extends AbstractController{ private ICatService catService; //setter、getter略 protected ModelAndView add(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ …… return new ModelAndView("cat/addCat"); } protected ModelAndView list(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ List<Cat> catList =catService.listCat(); request.setAttribute("catList", catList); return new ModelAndView("cat/listCat"); } } |
配置到spring-action.xml
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< bean id = "paraMethodResolver" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.ParameterMethodNameResolver" > < property name = "paramName" > < value >action</ value > <!-- 配置分发参数--> </ property > < property name = "defaultMethodName" > < value >list</ value > <!-- 配置默认的执行方法--> </ property > </ bean > < bean id = "urlHandlerMapping" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandleMapping" > < property name = "mappings" > < props > < prop key = "cat.mvc" >catController</ prop > <!-- 访问"cat.mvc"则交给catController处理--> < prop key = "catMulti.mvc" >catMultiController</ prop > <!-- 访问"catMulti.mvc"则交给catMultiController处理--> < props > </ property > </ bean > < bean id = "catController" class = "com.clf.spring.CatMultiController" > < property name = "catService" ref = "catService" ></ property > </ bean > < bean id = "catMultiController" class = "com.clf.spring.CatController" > < property name = "catService" ref = "catService" ></ property > </ bean > |
总结
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原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/u012152619/article/details/44300491