Spring MVC会根据请求方法的签名不同,将请求消息中的信息以一定的方式转换并绑定到请求方法的参数中。
1.文件上传
文件上传,必须将表单的method设置为POST,并将enctype设置为multipart/form-data。只有这样,才能将文件的二进制数据发送给服务器。
Spring 3.0规范提供了方法来处理文件上传,但是这种上传需要在Servlet中完成。而Spring MVC封装了上传功能,使用了Apache Commons FileUpload技术来实现了一个MultipartResolver实现类。
Spring MVC依赖的组件包
xml配置
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< bean id = "multipartResolver" class = "org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" > < property name = "maxUploadSize" > < value >10485760</ value > </ property > < property name = "defaultEncoding" > < value >UTF-8</ value > </ property > </ bean > |
后台代码
新建上传FileModel
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public class FileDataModel implements Serializable { private String filename; private MultipartFile file; public String getFilename() { return filename; } public void setFilename(String filename) { this .filename = filename; } public MultipartFile getFile() { return file; } public void setFile(MultipartFile file) { this .file = file; } } |
Controller代码
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@Controller @RequestMapping ( "file" ) public class FileController { @RequestMapping ( "upload" ) public String upload() { return "upload" ; } @RequestMapping (value = "upload" , method = RequestMethod.POST) public String uoload(FileDataModel fileDataModel, HttpServletRequest request, Model model) { FileResult fileResult = new FileResult(); try { if (fileDataModel.getFilename().isEmpty() || fileDataModel.getFile() == null ) throw new IllegalArgumentException( "上传文件名称为空或者无上传文件" ); String filePath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath( "/files" ); String filename = fileDataModel.getFile().getOriginalFilename(); File savePath = new File(filePath, filename); if (!savePath.getParentFile().exists()) savePath.getParentFile().mkdir(); fileDataModel.getFile().transferTo( new java.io.File(filePath + java.io.File.separator + filename)); fileResult.setTitle( "上传成功" ); fileResult.setMessage( "上传成功" ); fileResult.setSuccess( true ); } catch (Exception ex) { fileResult.setTitle( "上传失败!" ); fileResult.setMessage(ex.getMessage()); } model.addAttribute( "fileResult" , fileResult); return "fileresult" ; } } |
前台JSP页面
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<%@ page contentType= "text/html;charset=UTF-8" language= "java" %> <html> <head> <title>Upload</title> </head> <body> <form action= "/file/upload" enctype= "multipart/form-data" method= "post" > <table> <tr> <td>文件描述:</td> <td><input type= "text" name= "filename" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>请选择文件:</td> <td><input type= "file" name= "file" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <input type= "submit" value= "上传" /> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </body> </html> |
1.1Spring MVC的MultipartFile的常用方法
获取文件数据
1.[] getBytes() throws IOException;
获取文件的MIME类型,如image/jpeg等
2.String getContentType();
获取文件流
3.InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException;
获取表单中文件组件的名字
4.String getName();
获取上传文件的原名
5.String getOriginalFilename();
获取文件的字节大小,单位为byte
6.long getSize();
是否有上传的文件
7.boolean isEmpty();
将上传文件保存到一个目标文件中
8.void transferTo(File dest) throws IOException, IllegalStateException;
2.文件下载
Spring MVC提供了一个ResponseEntity类型,使用它可以很方便的定义返回的HttpHeader和HttpStatus
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@RequestMapping ( "download" ) public ResponseEntity< byte []> download(HttpServletRequest request, @RequestParam ( "filename" ) String filename, Model model) { ResponseEntity< byte []> responseEntity = null ; try { String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath( "/files" ); String realPath = path + File.separator + filename; File file = new File(realPath); HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); String downFileName = new String(filename.getBytes( "UTF-8" ), "iso-8859-1" ); //通知浏览器以attachment(下载方式)打开图片 headers.setContentDispositionFormData( "attachment" , downFileName); //以二进制流数据方式进行下载 headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM); responseEntity = new ResponseEntity< byte []>(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file), headers, HttpStatus.CREATED); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return responseEntity; |
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<%@ page contentType= "text/html;charset=UTF-8" language= "java" %> <html> <head> <title>${requestScope.fileResult.title}</title> </head> <body> <h1>${requestScope.fileResult.message}</h1><br/> <a href= "/file/download?filename=${requestScope.fileResult.fileName}" rel= "external nofollow" >${requestScope.fileResult.fileName}</a> </body> </html> |
3.拦截器
Interceptor拦截器是Spring MVC中相当重要的功能,它的功能作用是拦截用户的请求并进行相对应的处理。比如通过拦截器进行用户权限验证,或者判断用户是否已经登录等。
Spring MVC 拦截器是可插拔式的设计。如果需要使用某个拦截器,只需要在配置文件中应用拦截器即可。
3.1 HandlerInterceptor接口
Spring MVC中的Interceptor拦截器请求是通过实现HandlerInterceptor接口来完成的。
3.2实现拦截器
1.自定义类实现Spring的HandlerInterceptor接口
重要接口
该请求方法将在请求处理之前被调用。这个方法的作用是对进行调用方法前进行一些前置初始化操作,进行判断用户请求是否可以进行下去。当方法返回false的时候,后续的Interceptor及Controller都不会继续执行。
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boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception; |
该方法是在perHandle返回true时,在调用目标方法处理之后,在返回视图之前调用。这时候我们可以针对Controller处理之后的ModelAndView对象进行操作。
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void postHandle( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception; |
该方法是在整个请求处理结束之后,也就是在DispatcherServlet渲染了对应的视图之后执行。主要用于清理资源。
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void afterCompletion( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception; |
2.自定义类继承HandlerInterceptorAdapter
代码演示
实现HandlerInterceptor
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public class AuthorizationInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { /** * 不拦截用户登录页面及注册页面 */ private static final String[] IGNORE_URI = { "user/login" , "user/signup" }; @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { boolean flag = false ; String servletPath = request.getServletPath(); for (String url : IGNORE_URI) { if (servletPath.contains(url)) { flag = true ; break ; } } if (!flag) { User user = (User) request.getSession().getAttribute( "user" ); if (user == null ) { request.setAttribute( "message" , "请先登录再访问网站" ); request.getRequestDispatcher( "user/login" ).forward(request, response); } else flag = true ; } return flag; } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { } } |
xml配置
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< mvc:interceptors > < mvc:interceptor > < mvc:mapping path = "/home/index" /> < bean class = "utils.AuthorizationInterceptor" /> </ mvc:interceptor > </ mvc:interceptors > |
当访问home/index的时候需要进行验证
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.jianshu.com/p/0e936395066b?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral