本文实例讲述了java版微信公众平台消息接口应用方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
微信公众平台现在推出自动回复消息接口,但是由于是接口内容用的是PHP语言写的,很多地方操作起来让本人这个对Java比较熟悉的小伙很别扭,所以仿照PHP的接口代码做了一套jsp语言编写的接口。
首先先把整个接口代码贴出来做下比较,然后我们再分析代码:
PHP:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
|
<?php /** * wechat php test */ //define your token define( "TOKEN" , "weixin" ); $wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest(); $wechatObj ->valid(); class wechatCallbackapiTest { public function valid() { $echoStr = $_GET [ "echostr" ]; //valid signature , option if ( $this ->checkSignature()){ echo $echoStr ; exit ; } } public function responseMsg() { //get post data, May be due to the different environments $postStr = $GLOBALS [ "HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA" ]; //extract post data if (! empty ( $postStr )){ $postObj = simplexml_load_string( $postStr , 'SimpleXMLElement' , LIBXML_NOCDATA); $fromUsername = $postObj ->FromUserName; $toUsername = $postObj ->ToUserName; $keyword = trim( $postObj ->Content); $time = time(); $textTpl = "<xml> <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[%s]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> <FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag> </xml>"; if (! empty ( $keyword )) { $msgType = "text" ; $contentStr = "Welcome to wechat world!" ; $resultStr = sprintf( $textTpl , $fromUsername , $toUsername , $time , $msgType , $contentStr ); echo $resultStr ; } else { echo "Input something..." ; } } else { echo "" ; exit ; } } private function checkSignature() { $signature = $_GET [ "signature" ]; $timestamp = $_GET [ "timestamp" ]; $nonce = $_GET [ "nonce" ]; $token = TOKEN; $tmpArr = array ( $token , $timestamp , $nonce ); sort( $tmpArr ); $tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr ); $tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr ); if ( $tmpStr == $signature ){ return true; } else { return false; } } } ?> |
JAVA:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
|
<% @page import = "java.util.Date" %> <% @page import = "org.dom4j.Element" %> <% @page import = "org.dom4j.DocumentHelper" %> <% @page import = "org.dom4j.Document" %> <% @page import = "java.io.IOException" %> <% @page import = "java.io.InputStreamReader" %> <% @page import = "java.io.BufferedReader" %> <% @page import = "java.io.Reader" %> <% @page import = "java.security.MessageDigest" %> <% @page import = "java.util.Arrays" %> <%@ page language= "java" contentType= "text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding= "utf-8" %> <% //WeiXinHandler为内部类不能使用非final类型的对象 final String TOKEN= "weixin" ; final HttpServletRequest final_request=request; final HttpServletResponse final_response=response; %> <% class WeiXinHandler{ public void valid(){ String echostr=final_request.getParameter( "echostr" ); if ( null ==echostr||echostr.isEmpty()){ responseMsg(); } else { if ( this .checkSignature()){ this .print(echostr); } else { this .print( "error" ); } } } //自动回复内容 public void responseMsg(){ String postStr= null ; try { postStr= this .readStreamParameter(final_request.getInputStream()); } catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } //System.out.println(postStr); if ( null !=postStr&&!postStr.isEmpty()){ Document document= null ; try { document = DocumentHelper.parseText(postStr); } catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } if ( null ==document){ this .print( "" ); return ; } Element root=document.getRootElement(); String fromUsername = root.elementText( "FromUserName" ); String toUsername = root.elementText( "ToUserName" ); String keyword = root.elementTextTrim( "Content" ); String time = new Date().getTime()+ "" ; String textTpl = "<xml>" + "<ToUserName><![CDATA[%1$s]]></ToUserName>" + "<FromUserName><![CDATA[%2$s]]></FromUserName>" + "<CreateTime>%3$s</CreateTime>" + "<MsgType><![CDATA[%4$s]]></MsgType>" + "<Content><![CDATA[%5$s]]></Content>" + "<FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag>" + "</xml>" ; if ( null !=keyword&&!keyword.equals( "" )) { String msgType = "text" ; String contentStr = "Welcome to wechat world!" ; String resultStr = textTpl.format(textTpl, fromUsername, toUsername, time, msgType, contentStr); this .print(resultStr); } else { this .print( "Input something..." ); } } else { this .print( "" ); } } //微信接口验证 public boolean checkSignature(){ String signature = final_request.getParameter( "signature" ); String timestamp = final_request.getParameter( "timestamp" ); String nonce = final_request.getParameter( "nonce" ); String token=TOKEN; String[] tmpArr={token,timestamp,nonce}; Arrays.sort(tmpArr); String tmpStr= this .ArrayToString(tmpArr); tmpStr= this .SHA1Encode(tmpStr); if (tmpStr.equalsIgnoreCase(signature)){ return true ; } else { return false ; } } //向请求端发送返回数据 public void print(String content){ try { final_response.getWriter().print(content); final_response.getWriter().flush(); final_response.getWriter().close(); } catch (Exception e){ } } //数组转字符串 public String ArrayToString(String [] arr){ StringBuffer bf = new StringBuffer(); for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr.length; i++){ bf.append(arr[i]); } return bf.toString(); } //sha1加密 public String SHA1Encode(String sourceString) { String resultString = null ; try { resultString = new String(sourceString); MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance( "SHA-1" ); resultString = byte2hexString(md.digest(resultString.getBytes())); } catch (Exception ex) { } return resultString; } public final String byte2hexString( byte [] bytes) { StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(bytes.length * 2 ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < bytes.length; i++) { if ((( int ) bytes[i] & 0xff ) < 0x10 ) { buf.append( "0" ); } buf.append(Long.toString(( int ) bytes[i] & 0xff , 16 )); } return buf.toString().toUpperCase(); } //从输入流读取post参数 public String readStreamParameter(ServletInputStream in){ StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(); BufferedReader reader= null ; try { reader = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(in)); String line= null ; while ((line = reader.readLine())!= null ){ buffer.append(line); } } catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if ( null !=reader){ try { reader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } return buffer.toString(); } } %> <% WeiXinHandler handler= new WeiXinHandler(); handler.valid(); %> |
以上就是PHP接口和JSP接口的所有代码,现在我们来对一些需要注意的地方做下分析:
首先的从总体看的话,jsp要比PHP繁琐一些,因为很多函数需要自己写,像sha1加密,解析xml字符串等都需要自己找第三方的库。
第一点,我们要获取微信公众平台给jsp发送的post或get参数,正常情况下都是用request.getParameter就可以获取到,但是在写的过程中发现PHP是这样获取
1
|
$postStr = $GLOBALS [ "HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA" ]; |
这时通过查询一些资料知道这样获取的是无法通过$_GET或$_POST函数得到的”未识别 MIME 类型的数据“,原始的 POST 数据
所以这里使用获取原始数据流的方式来解析post的xml数据
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
String postStr=null; try { postStr=this.readStreamParameter(final_request.getInputStream()); } catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
|
//从输入流读取post参数 public String readStreamParameter(ServletInputStream in){ StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(); BufferedReader reader= null ; try { reader = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(in)); String line= null ; while ((line = reader.readLine())!= null ){ buffer.append(line); } } catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if ( null !=reader){ try { reader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } return buffer.toString(); } |
第二个,是response消息返回给微信平台,我尝试的用最一般的out.print去做,但是发现没反应,观察PHP的代码写法
1
2
|
echo "" ; exit ; |
猜想可能需要有个刷新的操作才能把消息response回去,于是找了下response内的一些函数做出以下尝试
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
//向请求端发送返回数据 public void print(String content){ try { final_response.getWriter().print(content); final_response.getWriter().flush(); final_response.getWriter().close(); } catch (Exception e){ } } |
发现以上做法是可以在微信发送端得到消息的;
第三个,接口描述上说目前只支持80端口的服务端地址,所以我这里的做法是用apache服务器路由到tomcat的jsp上
关于微信公众平台的消息接口的详细介绍,可以参看微信公众平台的官方文档,里面介绍了消息的xml的格式和消息的发送方式等。
希望本文所述对大家java程序设计有所帮助。