SQLServer数据文件收缩和查看收缩进度的步骤

回收步骤：

1、查看日志文件大小【一般回收比较大的】 

--适用于RDS For SQL Server2012
SELECT DB_NAME(database_id) AS [Database Name],[Name] AS [Logical Name],[Physical_Name] AS [Physical Name],((size * 8) / 1024) AS [Size(MB)]
FROM sys.master_files
ORDER BY [Size(MB)] DESC
--适用于RDS For SQL Server2008R2，需要对数据库逐个执行
USE 数据库名
GO
SELECT a.name as 逻辑文件名, size/128 [totalspace文件大小(兆)],
FILEPROPERTY(a.name, 'SpaceUsed')/128 [usedspace已用空间(兆)],
size/128 - FILEPROPERTY(a.name, 'SpaceUsed')/128 [未用空间(兆)],
FILEPROPERTY(a.name, 'SpaceUsed')*100.0/size [使用率(%)]
FROM sys.database_files a cross join (select recovery_model_desc, log_reuse_wait,log_reuse_wait_desc,is_auto_shrink_on from sys.databases where name=DB_NAME())b
WHERE type=1

 2、查看日志文件空间是否可回收【只有log_reuse_wait_desc是NOTHING状态才可回收】

SELECT [name] ,[log_reuse_wait_desc]
 
FROM master.sys.databases
 
WHERE [name]='数据库名【第1步获取】'

 3、回收日志文件空间

DBCC SHRINKFILE(logicalName【第1步获取】)

常见的日志等待类型是
LOG_BACKUP，日志还没有备份，所以不能截断
解决方案：
ACTIVE_TRANSACTION，有活跃事务阻塞了日志截断
解决方案：
执行 DBCC OPENTRAN ，获取下长时间的活跃事务的SPID
然后执行 DBCC INPUTBUFFER(SPID) 查看下这个请求SQL，考虑是否可以kill阻塞源，kill后再查下log_reuse_wait，尝试shrink

 4、查看数据文件大小

USE 数据库名
GO
SELECT a.name as 逻辑文件名, size/128 [totalspace文件大小(兆)],
    FILEPROPERTY(a.name, 'SpaceUsed')/128 [usedspace已用空间(兆)],
    size/128 - FILEPROPERTY(a.name, 'SpaceUsed')/128 [未用空间(兆)],
    FILEPROPERTY(a.name, 'SpaceUsed')*100.0/size [使用率(%)]
FROM sys.database_files a cross join (select recovery_model_desc, log_reuse_wait,log_reuse_wait_desc,is_auto_shrink_on  from sys.databases where name=DB_NAME())b
WHERE type=0

 5、收缩数据文件【按照经验，最好每5G循环收缩，如果影响业务，随时中断，不会回滚】

declare @usedspace int ,@totalspace int
select @usedspace= xxx,@totalspace =yyy
while @totalspace> @usedspace
begin
set @totalspace= @totalspace-5 *1024
DBCC SHRINKFILE( 逻辑文件名,@totalspace )
end

 注：逻辑文件名，usedspace，totalspace从第4步的结果集获取

6、查看收缩进度【预估值】 

SELECT DB_NAME(database_id) as dbname,
session_id, request_id, start_time
, percent_complete
, dateadd(mi ,estimated_completion_time/60000,getdate ()) as ETC
 FROM sys.dm_exec_requests where percent_complete<>0

--查询当前数据库备份进度
SELECT   DB_NAME(er.[database_id]) [DatabaseName],er.[command] AS [CommandType],er.[percent_complete]
,er.start_time,CONVERT(DECIMAL(5, 2) , er.[percent_complete]) AS [Complete_Percent]
,CONVERT(DECIMAL(38, 2), er.[total_elapsed_time] / 60000.00) AS [ElapsedTime_m]  
,CONVERT(DECIMAL(38, 2), er.[estimated_completion_time] / 60000.00) AS [EstimatedCompletionTime_m]  
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests AS er  
WHERE er.[command] in ( 'RESTORE DATABASE' ,'BACKUP DATABASE')  --DB_NAME(er.[database_id]) in ('ky2011') and
--查看数据库收缩进度
SELECT DB_NAME(er.[database_id]) [DatabaseName],er.[command] AS [CommandType],er.[percent_complete]
,er.start_time,CONVERT(DECIMAL(5, 2) , er.[percent_complete]) AS [Complete_Percent]
,CONVERT(DECIMAL(38, 2), er.[total_elapsed_time] / 60000.00) AS [ElapsedTime_m]  
,CONVERT(DECIMAL(38, 2), er.[estimated_completion_time] / 60000.00) AS [EstimatedCompletionTime_m] 
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests as er WHERE command in ('DbccFilesCompact','AUTOSHRINK')