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服务器之家 - 编程语言 - Java教程 - SpringBoot+WebMagic+MyBaties实现爬虫和数据入库的示例

SpringBoot+WebMagic+MyBaties实现爬虫和数据入库的示例

2022-02-21 13:23非空子集 Java教程

WebMagic是一个开源爬虫框架，本项目通过在SpringBoot项目中使用WebMagic去抓取数据，最后使用MyBatis将数据入库。具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下

WebMagic是一个开源爬虫框架，本项目通过在SpringBoot项目中使用WebMagic去抓取数据，最后使用MyBatis将数据入库。

本项目代码地址：ArticleCrawler: SrpingBoot+WebMagic+MyBaties实现爬虫和数据入库 (gitee.com)

创建数据库：

本示例中库名为article，表名为cms_content，表中包含contentId、title、date三个字段。

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CREATE TABLE `cms_content` (
  `contentId` varchar(40) NOT NULL COMMENT '内容ID',
  `title` varchar(150) NOT NULL COMMENT '标题',
  `date` varchar(150) NOT NULL COMMENT '发布日期',
  PRIMARY KEY (`contentId`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='CMS内容表';

新建SpringBoot项目：

1、配置依赖pom.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.5</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Article</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Article</name>
    <description>Article</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.test.skip>true</maven.test.skip>
        <maven.compiler.plugin.version>3.8.1</maven.compiler.plugin.version>
        <maven.resources.plugin.version>3.1.0</maven.resources.plugin.version>
 
        <mysql.connector.version>5.1.47</mysql.connector.version>
        <druid.spring.boot.starter.version>1.1.17</druid.spring.boot.starter.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.starter.version>1.3.4</mybatis.spring.boot.starter.version>
        <fastjson.version>1.2.58</fastjson.version>
        <commons.lang3.version>3.9</commons.lang3.version>
        <joda.time.version>2.10.2</joda.time.version>
        <webmagic.core.version>0.7.5</webmagic.core.version>
    </properties>
 
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
 
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.connector.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>${druid.spring.boot.starter.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.starter.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>${commons.lang3.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
            <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
            <version>${joda.time.version}</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>us.codecraft</groupId>
            <artifactId>webmagic-core</artifactId>
            <version>${webmagic.core.version}</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
 
    </dependencies>
 
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${maven.compiler.plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                    <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
 
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${maven.resources.plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
 
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <addResources>true</addResources>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
 
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>public</id>
            <name>aliyun nexus</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
 
    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>public</id>
            <name>aliyun nexus</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
 
</project>

2、创建CmsContentPO.java

数据实体，和表中3个字段对应。

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package site.exciter.article.model;
 
public class CmsContentPO {
    private String contentId;
 
    private String title;
 
    private String date;
 
    public String getContentId() {
        return contentId;
    }
 
    public void setContentId(String contentId) {
        this.contentId = contentId;
    }
 
    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }
 
    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }
 
    public String getDate() {
        return date;
    }
 
    public void setDate(String date) {
        this.date = date;
    }
}

3、创建CrawlerMapper.java

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package site.exciter.article.dao;
 
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import site.exciter.article.model.CmsContentPO;
 
@Mapper
public interface CrawlerMapper {
    int addCmsContent(CmsContentPO record);
}

4、配置映射文件CrawlerMapper.xml

在resources下新建mapper文件夹，在mapper下创建CrawlerMapper.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="site.exciter.article.dao.CrawlerMapper">
 
    <insert id="addCmsContent" parameterType="site.exciter.article.model.CmsContentPO">
        insert into cms_content (contentId,
        title,
        date)
        values (#{contentId,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
        #{title,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
        #{date,jdbcType=VARCHAR})
    </insert>
</mapper>

5、配置application.properties

配置数据库和mybatis映射关系。

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# mysql
spring.datasource.name=mysql
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://10.201.61.184:3306/article?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&allowMultiQueries=true
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
 
# druid
spring.datasource.druid.initial-size=5
spring.datasource.druid.min-idle=5
spring.datasource.druid.max-active=10
spring.datasource.druid.max-wait=60000
spring.datasource.druid.validation-query=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
spring.datasource.druid.test-on-borrow=false
spring.datasource.druid.test-on-return=false
spring.datasource.druid.test-while-idle=true
spring.datasource.druid.time-between-eviction-runs-millis=60000
spring.datasource.druid.min-evictable-idle-time-millis=300000
spring.datasource.druid.max-evictable-idle-time-millis=600000
 
# mybatis
mybatis.mapperLocations=classpath:mapper/CrawlerMapper.xml

6、创建ArticlePageProcessor.java

解析html的逻辑。

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package site.exciter.article;
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Page;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Site;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.processor.PageProcessor;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.selector.Selectable;
 
@Component
public class ArticlePageProcessor implements PageProcessor {
 
    private Site site = Site.me().setRetryTimes(3).setSleepTime(1000);
 
    @Override
    public void process(Page page) {
        String detail_urls_Xpath = "//*[@class='postTitle']/a[@class='postTitle2']/@href";
        String next_page_xpath = "//*[@id='nav_next_page']/a/@href";
        String next_page_css = "#homepage_top_pager > div:nth-child(1) > a:nth-child(7)";
        String title_xpath = "//h1[@class='postTitle']/a/span/text()";
        String date_xpath = "//span[@id='post-date']/text()";
        page.putField("title", page.getHtml().xpath(title_xpath).toString());
        if (page.getResultItems().get("title") == null) {
            page.setSkip(true);
        }
        page.putField("date", page.getHtml().xpath(date_xpath).toString());
 
        if (page.getHtml().xpath(detail_urls_Xpath).match()) {
            Selectable detailUrls = page.getHtml().xpath(detail_urls_Xpath);
            page.addTargetRequests(detailUrls.all());
        }
 
        if (page.getHtml().xpath(next_page_xpath).match()) {
            Selectable nextPageUrl = page.getHtml().xpath(next_page_xpath);
            page.addTargetRequests(nextPageUrl.all());
 
        } else if (page.getHtml().css(next_page_css).match()) {
            Selectable nextPageUrl = page.getHtml().css(next_page_css).links();
            page.addTargetRequests(nextPageUrl.all());
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public Site getSite() {
        return site;
    }
}

7、创建ArticlePipeline.java

处理数据的持久化。

  1. package site.exciter.article; 
  2.  
  3. import org.slf4j.Logger; 
  4. import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; 
  5. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
  6. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
  7. import site.exciter.article.model.CmsContentPO; 
  8. import site.exciter.article.dao.CrawlerMapper; 
  9. import us.codecraft.webmagic.ResultItems; 
  10. import us.codecraft.webmagic.Task; 
  11. import us.codecraft.webmagic.pipeline.Pipeline; 
  12.  
  13. import java.util.UUID; 
  14.  
  15. @Component 
  16. public class ArticlePipeline implements Pipeline { 
  17.  
  18.     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ArticlePipeline.class); 
  19.  
  20.     @Autowired 
  21.     private CrawlerMapper crawlerMapper; 
  22.  
  23.     public void process(ResultItems resultItems, Task task) { 
  24.         String title = resultItems.get("title"); 
  25.         String date = resultItems.get("date"); 
  26.  
  27.         CmsContentPO contentPO = new CmsContentPO(); 
  28.         contentPO.setContentId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); 
  29.         contentPO.setTitle(title); 
  30.         contentPO.setDate(date); 
  31.  
  32.         try { 
  33.             boolean success = crawlerMapper.addCmsContent(contentPO) > 0; 
  34.             LOGGER.info("保存成功：{}", title); 
  35.         } catch (Exception ex) { 
  36.             LOGGER.error("保存失败", ex); 
  37.         } 
  38.     } 
  39. } 

8、创建ArticleTask.java

执行抓取任务。

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package site.exciter.article;
 
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Spider;
 
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
@Component
public class ArticleTask {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ArticlePipeline.class);
 
    @Autowired
    private ArticlePipeline articlePipeline;
 
    @Autowired
    private ArticlePageProcessor articlePageProcessor;
 
    private ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
 
    public void crawl() {
        // 定时任务，每10分钟爬取一次
        timer.scheduleWithFixedDelay(() -> {
            Thread.currentThread().setName("ArticleCrawlerThread");
 
            try {
                Spider.create(articlePageProcessor)
                        .addUrl("http://www.cnblogs.com/dick159/default.html?page=2")
                        // 抓取到的数据存数据库
                        .addPipeline(articlePipeline)
                        // 开启5个线程抓取
                        .thread(5)
                        // 异步启动爬虫
                        .start();
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                LOGGER.error("定时抓取数据线程执行异常", ex);
            }
        }, 0, 10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
    }
}

9、修改Application

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package site.exciter.article;
 
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(basePackages = "site.exciter.article.interface")
public class ArticleApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
 
    @Autowired
    private ArticleTask articleTask;
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ArticleApplication.class, args);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        articleTask.crawl();
    }
}

10、执行application，开始抓数据并入库

SpringBoot+WebMagic+MyBaties实现爬虫和数据入库的示例

SpringBoot+WebMagic+MyBaties实现爬虫和数据入库的示例

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原文链接：https://juejin.cn/post/7018897037219332104

  • 数据入库
  • 爬虫
  • springboot
  • webmagic
  • MyBaties

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