Python中正则表达式的用法总结_Python

Python中正则表达式的用法总结

2021-06-01 00:26topleeyap Python

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									# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

									import re

									def print_match_res(res):

									  """打印匹配对象内容"""

									  if res is not None:

									    print(res.group())

									  else:

									    print(None)

									# 两种匹配方式：

									pattern="[A-Z][a-z]+"

									# 一、使用re模块函数进行匹配

									res=re.match(pattern,"Tom is a good boy")     # 匹配，返回匹配对象

									print(type(res))

									print(res.group())

									# 二、使用预编译后的正则表达式对象的方法进行匹配

									obj_pattern=re.compile(pattern)   # 预编译，返回正则表达式对象

									print(type(obj_pattern))

									res=obj_pattern.match("Tom is a good boy")    # 匹配，返回匹配对象

									print(type(res))

									print(res.group())

									# 匹配对象的group()和groups()方法

									pattern="\d{3}-\d{5}"

									obj_pattern=re.compile(pattern)

									res=obj_pattern.search("家庭电话:000-88886")

									print(res.group())   # 返回整个匹配或特定子组

									print(res.groups())   # 返回包含全部子组的元组

									# match():从起始部分开始匹配，如果成功，返回匹配对象；失败，返回None。只匹配一次

									pattern="my"

									# res=re.compile(pattern).match("my name is li")

									res=re.match(pattern,"my name is li")

									print_match_res(res)

									# search(): 从任意位置开始匹配，如果成功，返回匹配对象；失败，返回None。只匹配一次

									pattern="my"

									# res=re.compile(pattern).search("it's my dog")

									res=re.search(pattern,"my name is li")

									print_match_res(res)

									# 查找全部

									# findall(),finditer()

									res=re.findall(r"th\w+","This and that",re.I)

									print(res)

									res=re.finditer(r"th\w+","This and that",re.I)

									print(res)

									print(next(res).group(),next(res).group())

									# 替换

									# sub(),subn()

									res=re.sub("funny","fool","You are so funny")

									print(res)

									res=re.subn("funny","fool","You are so funny")

									print(res)

									# 分割

									# splite()

									res=re.split("\.","Mr.Smith")

									print(res)

									print("#"*50)

									# 择一匹配符号 a|b

									pattern="I|You|She"

									res=re.compile(pattern,flags=re.IGNORECASE).match("i love you")

									print_match_res(res)

									res=re.compile(pattern,flags=re.I).search("who love you")

									print_match_res(res)

									# 匹配任意单个字符 .

									pattern="w{3,}\..+\.com"

									res=re.match(pattern,"wwww.google.com/index.html",re.I)

									print_match_res(res)

									# 字符集 [abc] [a-z0-9]

									pattern="[A-Za-z0-9_]*\."

									res=re.match(pattern,"Python3.?")

									print_match_res(res)

									# 特殊字符 \d \w \s \b \\

									# 重复 + ? * {N,} {N,M}

									# 分组 (...)

									pattern="\w+@(\w{1,10}\.)*([a-z]*)"

									res=re.match(pattern,"li@gmail.com")

									print_match_res(res)

									res=re.match(pattern,"li@qq.vip.org")

									print_match_res(res)

									print(res.group(0),res.group(1),res.group(2),sep="\t")

									print(res.groups())

									# 匹配字符串的起始和结尾，单词边界 ^a z$ \A \Z \b \B

									pattern=r"^the"

									# pattern=r"\Athe"

									res=re.search(pattern,"The end of the world")

									print_match_res(res)

									res=re.search(pattern,"they smile")

									print_match_res(res)

									pattern=r"cry$"

									# pattern=r"cry\Z"

									res=re.search(pattern,"they cry")

									print_match_res(res)

									res=re.search(r"\bthe","bit the dog")

									print_match_res(res)

									res=re.search(r"\Bhe","bit the dog")

									print_match_res(res)