同事无意间提出了这个问题,亲自实践了两种方法。当然肯定还会有更多更好的方法。
方法一
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import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; public class OrderedThread1 { static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger( 0 ); public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { Task task1 = new Task(count, 0 ); Task task2 = new Task(count, 1 ); Task task3 = new Task(count, 2 ); Thread thread1 = new Thread(task1); Thread thread2 = new Thread(task2); Thread thread3 = new Thread(task3); thread1.setDaemon( true ); thread2.setDaemon( true ); thread3.setDaemon( true ); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); thread3.start(); Thread.sleep( 1 * 1000 ); } } class Task implements Runnable { private AtomicInteger count; private int order; public Task(AtomicInteger count, int order) { this .count = count; this .order = order; } @Override public void run() { while ( true ) { if (count.get() % 3 == order) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " ===== " + order); count.incrementAndGet(); } } } } |
这种方法应该是比较常见的解决方案。利用原子递增控制线程准入顺序。
方法二
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public class OrderedThread2 { static Holder holder = new Holder(); public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { Task1 task1 = new Task1(holder, 0 ); Task1 task2 = new Task1(holder, 1 ); Task1 task3 = new Task1(holder, 2 ); Thread thread1 = new Thread(task1); Thread thread2 = new Thread(task2); Thread thread3 = new Thread(task3); thread1.setDaemon( true ); thread2.setDaemon( true ); thread3.setDaemon( true ); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); thread3.start(); Thread.sleep( 1 * 1000 ); } } class Task1 implements Runnable { Holder holder; int order; public Task1(Holder holder, int order) { this .holder = holder; this .order = order; } @Override public void run() { while ( true ) { if (holder.count % 3 == order) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " ===== " + order); holder.count ++; } } // int i = 0; // while(i ++ < 10000){ // holder.count ++; // } } } class Holder { volatile int count = 0 ; } |
方法二使用了volatile关键字。让每个线程都能拿到最新的count的值,当其中一个线程执行++操作后,其他两个线程就会拿到最新的值,并检查是否符合准入条件。
ps:volatile不是线程安全的。而且两者没有任何关系。volatile变量不在用户线程保存副本,因此对所有线程都能提供最新的值。但试想,如果多个线程同时并发更新这个变量,其结果也是显而易见的,最后一次的更新会覆盖前面所有更新,导致线程不安全。在方法二中,一次只有一个线程满足准入条件,因此不存在对变量的并发更新。volatile的值是最新的与线程安全完全是不相干的,所以不要误用volatile实现并发控制。
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原文链接:https://my.oschina.net/u/2333484/blog/861067