模式特点:给定一个语言,定义它的文法的一种表示,并定义一个解释器,这个解释器使用该表示来解释语言中的句子。
我们来看一下下面这样的程序结构:
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class Context: def __init__( self ): self . input = "" self .output = "" class AbstractExpression: def Interpret( self ,context): pass class Expression(AbstractExpression): def Interpret( self ,context): print "terminal interpret" class NonterminalExpression(AbstractExpression): def Interpret( self ,context): print "Nonterminal interpret" if __name__ = = "__main__" : context = "" c = [] c = c + [Expression()] c = c + [NonterminalExpression()] c = c + [Expression()] c = c + [Expression()] for a in c: a.Interpret(context) |
那么它所体现出的类图是这样的:
再来看一个例子:
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#encoding=utf-8 # #by panda def printInfo(info): print unicode (info, 'utf-8' ).encode( 'gbk' ), #上下文类:演奏内容 class PlayContext(): text = None PlayText = None #抽象表达式类 class Expression(): def Interpret( self , context): if len (context.PlayText) = = 0 : return else : playKey = context.PlayText[ 0 : 1 ] context.PlayText = context.PlayText[ 2 :] tmp = context.PlayText.index( ' ' ) #找出第一个空格出现的位置 playValue = context.PlayText[ 0 :tmp] context.PlayText = context.PlayText[tmp + 1 :] self .Excute(playKey,playValue) def Excute( self ,playKey,playValue): pass #音高 class Pitch(Expression): pitch = None def Excute( self , key, value): value = int (value) if value = = 1 : self .pitch = '低音' elif value = = 2 : self .pitch = '中音' elif value = = 3 : self .pitch = '高音' printInfo( self .pitch) #音符 class Note(Expression): Notes = { 'C' : 1 , 'D' : 2 , 'E' : 3 , 'F' : 4 , 'G' : 5 , 'A' : 6 , 'B' : 7 , } note = None def Excute( self , key, value): self .note = self .Notes[key] printInfo( '%d' % self .note) def clientUI(): context = PlayContext() context.PlayText = "O 2 E 0.5 G 0.5 A 3 E 0.5 G 0.5 D 3 E 0.5 G 0.5 A 0.5 O 3 C 1 O 2 A 0.5 G 1 C 0.5 E 0.5 D 3 " expression = None ; while ( len (context.PlayText) > 0 ): str = context.PlayText[ 0 : 1 ]; if ( str = = 'O' ): expression = Pitch() elif ( str = = 'C' or str = = 'D' or str = = 'E' or str = = 'F' or str = = 'G' or str = = 'A' or str = = 'B' or str = = 'P' ): expression = Note() expression.Interpret(context) return if __name__ = = '__main__' : clientUI(); |
类图: