1、概述
首先和大家一起回顾一下Java 消息服务,在我之前的博客《Java消息队列-JMS概述》中,我为大家分析了:
1.消息服务:一个中间件,用于解决两个活多个程序之间的耦合,底层由Java 实现。
2.优势:异步、可靠
3.消息模型:点对点,发布/订阅
4.JMS中的对象
然后在另一篇博客《Java消息队列-ActiveMq实战》中,和大家一起从0到1的开启了一个ActiveMq 的项目,在项目开发的过程中,我们对ActiveMq有了一定的了解:
1.多种语言和协议编写客户端。语言: Java, C, C++, C#, Ruby, Perl, Python, PHP。应用协议: OpenWire,Stomp REST,WS Notification,XMPP,AMQP
2.完全支持JMS1.1和J2EE 1.4规范 (持久化,XA消息,事务)
3.对Spring的支持,ActiveMQ可以很容易内嵌到使用Spring的系统里面去,而且也支持Spring2.0的特性
4.通过了常见J2EE服务器(如 Geronimo,JBoss 4, GlassFish,WebLogic)的测试,其中通过JCA 1.5 resource adaptors的配置,可以让ActiveMQ可以自动的部署到任何兼容J2EE 1.4 商业服务器上
5.支持多种传送协议:in-VM,TCP,SSL,NIO,UDP,JGroups,JXTA
6.支持通过JDBC和journal提供高速的消息持久化
7.从设计上保证了高性能的集群,客户端-服务器,点对点
8.支持Ajax
9.支持与Axis的整合
10.可以很容易得调用内嵌JMS provider,进行测试
在接下来的这篇博客中,我会和大家一起来整合Spring 和ActiveMq,这篇博文,我们基于Spring+JMS+ActiveMQ+Tomcat,实现了Point-To-Point的异步队列消息和PUB/SUB(发布/订阅)模型,简单实例,不包含任何业务。
2、目录结构
2.1 项目目录
IDE选择了IDEA(建议大家使用),为了避免下载jar 的各种麻烦,底层使用maven搭建了一个项目,整合了Spring 和ActiveMq
2.2 pom.xml
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< project xmlns = " http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 " xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance " xsi:schemaLocation = " http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd " > < modelVersion >4.0.0</ modelVersion > < groupId >Crawl-Page</ groupId > < artifactId >Crawl-Page</ artifactId > < packaging >war</ packaging > < version >1.0-SNAPSHOT</ version > < name >Crawl-Page Maven Webapp</ name > < url > http://maven.apache.org </ url > <!-- 版本管理 --> < properties > < springframework >4.1.8.RELEASE</ springframework > </ properties > < dependencies > < dependency > < groupId >junit</ groupId > < artifactId >junit</ artifactId > < version >4.10</ version > < scope >test</ scope > </ dependency > <!-- JSP相关 --> < dependency > < groupId >jstl</ groupId > < artifactId >jstl</ artifactId > < version >1.2</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >javax.servlet</ groupId > < artifactId >servlet-api</ artifactId > < scope >provided</ scope > < version >2.5</ version > </ dependency > <!-- spring --> < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-core</ artifactId > < version >${springframework}</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-context</ artifactId > < version >${springframework}</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-tx</ artifactId > < version >${springframework}</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-webmvc</ artifactId > < version >${springframework}</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-jms</ artifactId > < version >${springframework}</ version > </ dependency > <!-- xbean 如<amq:connectionFactory /> --> < dependency > < groupId >org.apache.xbean</ groupId > < artifactId >xbean-spring</ artifactId > < version >3.16</ version > </ dependency > <!-- activemq --> < dependency > < groupId >org.apache.activemq</ groupId > < artifactId >activemq-core</ artifactId > < version >5.7.0</ version > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.apache.activemq</ groupId > < artifactId >activemq-pool</ artifactId > < version >5.12.1</ version > </ dependency > <!-- 自用jar包,可以忽略--> < dependency > < groupId >commons-httpclient</ groupId > < artifactId >commons-httpclient</ artifactId > < version >3.1</ version > </ dependency > </ dependencies > < build > < finalName >Crawl-Page</ finalName > < plugins > < plugin > < groupId >org.apache.tomcat.maven</ groupId > < artifactId >tomcat7-maven-plugin</ artifactId > < configuration > < port >8080</ port > < path >/</ path > </ configuration > </ plugin > </ plugins > </ build > </ project > |
因为这里pom.xml 文件有点长,就不展开了。
我们可以看到其实依赖也就几个,1、Spring 核心依赖 2、ActiveMq core和pool(这里如果同学们选择导入jar,可以直接导入我们上一篇博客中说道的那个activemq-all 这个jar包)3、java servlet 相关依赖
这里面我们选择的ActiveMq pool 的依赖版本会和之后的dtd 有关系,需要版本对应,所以同学们等下配置activemq 文件的时候,需要注意dtd 版本选择
2.3 web.xml
web.xml 也大同小异,指定Spring 配置文件,springMvc 命名,编码格式
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < web-app xmlns = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee " xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance " xsi:schemaLocation=" http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd " version = "3.0" > < display-name >Archetype Created Web Application</ display-name > <!-- 加载spring的配置文件,例如hibernate、jms等集成 --> < context-param > < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name > < param-value > classpath:applicationContext*.xml; </ param-value > </ context-param > < listener > < listener-class >org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</ listener-class > </ listener > < servlet > < servlet-name >springMVC</ servlet-name > < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</ servlet-class > < init-param > < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name > < param-value >classpath:spring-mvc.xml</ param-value > </ init-param > < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup > </ servlet > < servlet-mapping > < servlet-name >springMVC</ servlet-name > < url-pattern >/</ url-pattern > </ servlet-mapping > <!-- 处理编码格式 --> < filter > < filter-name >characterEncodingFilter</ filter-name > < filter-class >org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</ filter-class > < init-param > < param-name >encoding</ param-name > < param-value >UTF-8</ param-value > </ init-param > < init-param > < param-name >forceEncoding</ param-name > < param-value >true</ param-value > </ init-param > </ filter > < filter-mapping > < filter-name >characterEncodingFilter</ filter-name > < url-pattern >/*</ url-pattern > </ filter-mapping > </ web-app > |
2.4 SpringMvc 和applicationContext.xml
这里面的SpringMVC没什么特别,有需要的同学可以参考一下:
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!-- 查找最新的schemaLocation 访问 http://www.springframework.org/schema/ --> < beans xmlns = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans " xmlns:aop = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop " xmlns:context = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/context " xmlns:mvc = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc " xmlns:tx = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx " xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance " xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd "> <!-- 启用MVC注解 --> < mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 指定Sping组件扫描的基本包路径 --> < context:component-scan base-package = "com.Jayce" > <!-- 这里只扫描Controller,不可重复加载Service --> < context:include-filter type = "annotation" expression = "org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </ context:component-scan > <!-- JSP视图解析器--> < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" > < property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/views/" /> < property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" /> <!-- 定义其解析视图的order顺序为1 --> < property name = "order" value = "1" /> </ bean > </ beans > |
applicationContext.xml 主要使用来装载Bean,我们项目中并没有什么特别的Java Bean,因此只用来指出包扫描路径:
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans " xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance " xmlns:amq = " http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core " xmlns:jms = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms " xmlns:context = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/context " xmlns:mvc = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc " xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-4.1.xsd http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core-5.14.3.xsd "> < bean class = "org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" /> <!-- 配置扫描路径 --> < context:component-scan base-package = "com.Jayce" > <!-- 只扫描Service,也可以添加Repostory,但是要把Controller排除在外,Controller由spring-mvc.xml去加载 --> < context:exclude-filter type = "annotation" expression = "org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </ context:component-scan > </ beans > |
2.5 applicationContext-ActiveMQ.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans " xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance " xmlns:amq = " http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core " xmlns:jms = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms " xmlns:context = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/context " xmlns:mvc = " http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc " xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-4.1.xsd http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core-5.12.1.xsd " > < context:component-scan base-package = "com.Jayce" /> < mvc:annotation-driven /> < amq:connectionFactory id = "amqConnectionFactory" brokerURL = " tcp://192.168.148.128:61616 " userName = "admin" password = "admin" /> <!-- 配置JMS连接工长 --> < bean id = "connectionFactory" class = "org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory" > < constructor-arg ref = "amqConnectionFactory" /> < property name = "sessionCacheSize" value = "100" /> </ bean > <!-- 定义消息队列(Queue) --> < bean id = "demoQueueDestination" class = "org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue" > <!-- 设置消息队列的名字 --> < constructor-arg > < value >Jaycekon</ value > </ constructor-arg > </ bean > <!-- 配置JMS模板(Queue),Spring提供的JMS工具类,它发送、接收消息。 --> < bean id = "jmsTemplate" class = "org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate" > < property name = "connectionFactory" ref = "connectionFactory" /> < property name = "defaultDestination" ref = "demoQueueDestination" /> < property name = "receiveTimeout" value = "10000" /> <!-- true是topic,false是queue,默认是false,此处显示写出false --> < property name = "pubSubDomain" value = "false" /> </ bean > <!-- 配置消息队列监听者(Queue) --> < bean id = "queueMessageListener" class = "com.Jayce.Filter.QueueMessageListener" /> <!-- 显示注入消息监听容器(Queue),配置连接工厂,监听的目标是demoQueueDestination,监听器是上面定义的监听器 --> < bean id = "queueListenerContainer" class = "org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer" > < property name = "connectionFactory" ref = "connectionFactory" /> < property name = "destination" ref = "demoQueueDestination" /> < property name = "messageListener" ref = "queueMessageListener" /> </ bean > </ beans > |
这里和大家讲解一下这个配置文件,如果大家能够从上述配置文件中看懂,可以跳过。同学们也可以在ActiveMQ官网中的查看。
1、ActiveMq 中的DTD,我们在声明相关配置之前,我们需要先导入ActiveMq 中的DTD,不然Spring 并不理解我们的标签是什么意思。
我们在pom.xml 文件中有配置了activemq 的版本依赖我们这里的版本,需要和依赖的版本一样,不然是找不到相关的dtd
2、amq:connectionFactory:很直白的一个配置项,用于配置我们链接工厂的地址和用户名密码,这里需要注意的是选择tcp连接而不是http连接
3、jmsTemplate:比较重要的一个配置,这里指定了连接工厂,默认消息发送目的地,还有连接时长,发布消息的方式
3、项目结构
3.1 ProducerService
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package com.Jayce.Service; import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate; import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.jms.Destination; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.Session; /** * Created by Administrator on 2017/1/5. */ @Service public class ProducerService { @Resource (name= "jmsTemplate" ) private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate; public void sendMessage(Destination destination, final String msg){ System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ " 向队列" +destination.toString()+ "发送消息---------------------->" +msg); jmsTemplate.send(destination, new MessageCreator() { public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException { return session.createTextMessage(msg); } }); } public void sendMessage( final String msg){ String destination = jmsTemplate.getDefaultDestinationName(); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ " 向队列" +destination+ "发送消息---------------------->" +msg); jmsTemplate.send( new MessageCreator() { public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException { return session.createTextMessage(msg); } }); } } |
将消息生产者做成一个服务,当我们需要发送消息的时候,只需要调用ProducerService实例中的sendMessage 方法就可以向默认目的发送一个消息。
这里提供了两个发送方式,一个是发送到默认的目的地,一个是根据目的地发送消息。
3.2 ConsumerService
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package com.Jayce.Service; import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.jms.Destination; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.TextMessage; /** * Created by Administrator on 2017/1/5. */ @Service public class ConsumerService { @Resource (name= "jmsTemplate" ) private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate; public TextMessage receive(Destination destination){ TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) jmsTemplate.receive(destination); try { System.out.println( "从队列" + destination.toString() + "收到了消息:\t" + textMessage.getText()); } catch (JMSException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return textMessage; } } |
因为我们项目中并没有什么业务,所以的话对消息的处理也就是打印输出。我们只需要调用jmsTemplate中的 receive 方法,就可以从里面获取到一条消息。
再和我们上一篇博客对比一下,上一篇博客中,我们接受到信息之后需要手动确认事务,这样ActiveMQ中才会确定这条消息已经被正确读取了。而整合了Spring之后,事务将由Spring 来管理。
3.3 MessageController
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package com.Jayce.Controller; import com.Jayce.Service.ConsumerService; import com.Jayce.Service.ProducerService; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.jms.Destination; import javax.jms.TextMessage; /** * Created by Administrator on 2017/1/5. */ @Controller public class MessageController { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageController. class ); @Resource (name = "demoQueueDestination" ) private Destination destination; //队列消息生产者 @Resource (name = "producerService" ) private ProducerService producer; //队列消息消费者 @Resource (name = "consumerService" ) private ConsumerService consumer; @RequestMapping (value = "/SendMessage" , method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public void send(String msg) { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "------------send to jms Start" ); producer.sendMessage(msg); logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "------------send to jms End" ); } @RequestMapping (value= "/ReceiveMessage" ,method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public Object receive(){ logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "------------receive from jms Start" ); TextMessage tm = consumer.receive(destination); logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "------------receive from jms End" ); return tm; } } |
控制层里面需要注入我们的生产者和消费者(实际开发中,生产者和消费者肯定不会在同一个项目中的,不然就消息服务这个东西就没有意义了)。
现在服务层和控制层都好了,接下来我们就进行一个简单的测试
4、项目测试
4.1 启动ActiveMq
先确定你的ActiveMQ服务已经开启。
4.2 启动项目
项目使用了Tomcat 插件,避免了本地再下载Tomcat的麻烦,有需要的同学可以使用一下。
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< plugins > < plugin > < groupId >org.apache.tomcat.maven</ groupId > < artifactId >tomcat7-maven-plugin</ artifactId > < configuration > < port >8080</ port > < path >/</ path > </ configuration > </ plugin > </ plugins > |
4.3 发送消息
这里用了Chrome 的一个插件PostMan 有兴趣的同学可以了解一下,在Chrome 拓展程序中可以找到,避免了后端的同学去弄页面!
我们发送了一个post 请求之后,看一下服务器的效果:
我们可以看到,已经向队列发送了一条消息。我们看一下ActiveMq现在的状态:
我们可以看到,一条消息已经成功发送到了ActiveMq中。
4.4 接收消息
使用get请求访问服务器后台:
服务的输出:
ActiveMq服务器状态:
我们可以看到,消费者已经消费了一条信息,并且没有断开与ActiveMq之间的链接。
4.5 监听器
在实际项目中,我们很少会自己手动去获取消息,如果需要手动去获取消息,那就没有必要使用到ActiveMq了,可以用一个Redis 就足够了。
不能手动去获取消息,那么我们就可以选择使用一个监听器来监听是否有消息到达,这样子可以很快的完成对消息的处理。
4.5.1 applicationContext-ActiveMQ.xml 配置
在上面的配置文件中,我们已经默认的添加了这段监听器的配置文件,如果同学们不想使用这个监听器,可以直接注释掉。
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<!-- 配置消息队列监听者(Queue) --> < bean id = "queueMessageListener" class = "com.Jayce.Filter.QueueMessageListener" /> <!-- 显示注入消息监听容器(Queue),配置连接工厂,监听的目标是demoQueueDestination,监听器是上面定义的监听器 --> < bean id = "queueListenerContainer" class = "org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer" > < property name = "connectionFactory" ref = "connectionFactory" /> < property name = "destination" ref = "demoQueueDestination" /> < property name = "messageListener" ref = "queueMessageListener" /> </ bean > |
4.5.2 MessageListener
我们需要创建一个类实现MessageListener 接口:
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package com.Jayce.Filter; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.MessageListener; import javax.jms.TextMessage; /** * Created by Administrator on 2017/1/5. */ public class QueueMessageListener implements MessageListener { public void onMessage(Message message) { TextMessage tm = (TextMessage) message; try { System.out.println( "QueueMessageListener监听到了文本消息:\t" + tm.getText()); //do something ... } catch (JMSException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } |
实现接口的onMessage 方法,我们将需要的业务操作在里面解决,这样子,就完成了我们生产者-中间件-消费者,这样一个解耦的操作了。
4.5.3 测试
和上面一样,使用postMan 发送post请求,我们可以看到控制台里面,消息马上就能打印出来:
再看看ActiveMQ服务器的状态:
我们可以看到,使用监听器的效果,和手动接收消息的效果是一样的。
这样子一整个项目下来,我们已经成功的整合了Spring和ActiveMQ。
4.6 压力测试
这里其实也算不上什么压力测试,在配置pom.xml文件的时候,大家有看到一个 commons-httpclient 的依赖,接下来我们使用httpClient 不停的想服务器发送消息,看一下服务器解决消息的速度如何:
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package com.Jaycekon.test; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; /** * Created by Administrator on 2017/1/5. */ public class Client { @Test public void test() { HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); new Thread( new Sender(httpClient)).start(); } } class Sender implements Runnable { public static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger( 0 ); HttpClient httpClient; public Sender(HttpClient client) { httpClient = client; } public void run() { try { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "---Send message-" +count.getAndIncrement()); PostMethod post = new PostMethod( " http://127.0.0.1:8080/SendMessage " ); post.addParameter( "msg" , "Hello world!" ); httpClient.executeMethod(post); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "---Send message Success-" +count.getAndIncrement()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } |
这里面用了HttpClient 来向服务器发送Post 请求,然后计数输出,有兴趣的同学可以自己测试一下,可以多开几个线程,这里只开了一个线程。
5、项目源码:Crawl-Page.rar
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/jaycekon/p/ActiveMq.html