安装路径：/application/mysql-5.7.18
1.前期准备
mysql依赖
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libaioyum install -y libaio |
创建用户mysql，以该用户的身份执行mysql
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useradd -s /bin/false -M mysql |
下载mysql二进制包并解压
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cd /toolswget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gztar -zxf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /application/ |
切换到/application目录，将mysql文件夹名改短,给mysql目录做一个软链接
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cd /application/mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql-5.7.18ln -s mysql-5.7.18/ mysql |
在mysql目录下创建mysql-files，该文件夹权限为750，递归设置mysql目录的所属组和所属用户
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mkdir mysql/mysql-fileschmod 750 mysql/mysql-fileschown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.7.18/ |
2.mysql目录内操作
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cd mysql |
初始化数据库
会在mysql目录内生成一个data目录，存放数据库的目录
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bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data |
返回结果最后一行的末尾有随机密码，我的记下来：wa0I:1w?V--a
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2017-04-28T02:49:00.853710Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wa0I:1w?V--a |
想设置默认密码为空则将--initialize选项替换为--initialize-insecure选项
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bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data |
安装ssl
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bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir /application/mysql/data/ |
指定data目录的路径
更改所属用户和组
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chown -R root .chown -R mysql data mysql-files |
除了mysql目录下的data目录和mysql-files目录所属用户不变，其他所有文件的所属用户改为root
修改配置文件
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sed -i 's/^datadir=\/var\/lib\/mysql/datadir=\/application\/mysql\/data/g' /etc/my.cnfsed -i 's/^socket=\/var\/lib\/mysql\/mysql.sock/socket=\/tmp\/mysql.sock/g' /etc/my.cnfsed -i 's/^log-error=\/var\/log\/mariadb\/mariadb.log/log-error=\/application\/mysql\/data\/err.log/g' /etc/my.cnfsed -i 's/^pid-file=\/var\/run\/mariadb\/mariadb.pid/pid-file=\/application\/mysql\/data\/mysql.pid/g' /etc/my.cnf |
等价于:
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vi /etc/my.cnfdatadir=/application/mysql/datasocket=/tmp/mysql.socklog-error=/application/mysql/data/err.logpid-file=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid/etc/my.cnf Content:[mysqld]datadir=/application/mysql/datasocket=/tmp/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd[mysqld_safe]log-error=/application/mysql/data/err.logpid-file=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid## include all files from the config directory#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d |
拷贝启动程序
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cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql |
将mysql的启动程序拷贝到/etc/init.d/目录下，以便启动程序
编辑启动文件，配置启动目录
方法一：
思路是给配置文件提供的变量进行赋值。较麻烦。
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sed -i 's/^basedir=/basedir=\/application\/mysql/g' /etc/init.d/mysqlsed -i 's/^datadir=/datadir=\/application\/mysql\/data/g' /etc/init.d/mysqlsed -i 's/^mysqld_pid_file_path=/mysqld_pid_file_path=\/application\/mysql\/data\/mysql.pid/g' /etc/init.d/mysql |
等价于将45、46两行
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basedir=datadir=mysqld_pid_file_path= |
替换成
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basedir=/application/mysqldatadir=/application/mysql/datamysqld_pid_file_path=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid |
方法二（推荐）：
思路是将脚本的默认地址（/usr/local/mysql）直接替换成自定义路径（/application/mysql），便不用给变量赋值
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sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysql |
到这里mysql安装完成可以正常启动
3.后期结尾
命令创建软链接
将mysql命令创建软链接到环境变量的目录，使用户可以在变量找到相应的命令
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ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin |
登录mysql
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[root@www mysql]# mysql -u root -p |
Enter password: #输入之前保存的随机密码drRR0
...
mysql> #成功登陆到mysql控制台
修改密码sql语句
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mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'NewPassWord'; |
#将密码修改为NewPassWord
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) #修改成功
键入quit或Ctrl + d退出
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mysql> quitBye[root@www mysql]#ormysql> ^DBye[root@www mysql]# |
4.常用命令
进入mysql
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mysql -u root -p |
启动mysql
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service mysql start |
停止mysql
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service mysql stop |
重启mysql
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service mysql restart |
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Mysql5.7.18版本（二进制包安装）自定义安装路径教程详解，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持！
原文链接：http://www.2cto.com/database/201707/654706.html
