MyBatis多数据源配置(读写分离)
首先说明,本文的配置使用的最直接的方式,实际用起来可能会很麻烦。
实际应用中可能存在多种结合的情况,你可以理解本文的含义,不要死板的使用。
多数据源的可能情况
1.主从
通常是MySQL一主多从的情况,本文的例子就是主从的情况,但是只有两个数据源,所以采用直接配置不会太麻烦,但是不利于后续扩展,主要是作为一个例子来说明,实际操作请慎重考虑。
2.分库
当业务独立性强,数据量大的时候的,为了提高并发,可能会对表进行分库,分库后,每一个数据库都需要配置一个数据源。
这种情况可以参考本文,但是需要注意每一个数据库对应的Mapper要在不同的包下方便区分和配置。
另外分库的情况下也会存在主从的情况,如果你的数据库从库过多,就参考上面提供的方法,或者寻找其他方式解决。
Mapper分包
分库的情况下,不同的数据库的Mapper一定放在不同的包下。
主从的情况下,同一个Mapper会同时存在读写的情况,创建两个并不合适,使用同一个即可。但是这种情况下需要注意,Spring对Mapper自动生成的名字是相同的,而且类型也相同,这是就不能直接注入Mapper接口。需要通过SqlSession来解决。
Spring基础配置
applicationContext.xml
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
|
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> < context:component-scan base-package = "com.isea533.mybatis.service" /> < context:property-placeholder location = "classpath:config.properties" /> < aop:aspectj-autoproxy /> < import resource = "spring-datasource-master.xml" /> < import resource = "spring-datasource-slave.xml" /> </ beans > |
这个文件,主要是引入了spring-datasource-master.xml和spring-datasource-slave.xml。
spring-datasource-master.xml
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
|
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> < bean id = "dataSourceMaster" class = "com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method = "init" destroy-method = "close" > < property name = "driverClassName" value = "${master.jdbc.driverClass}" /> < property name = "url" value = "${master.jdbc.url}" /> < property name = "username" value = "${master.jdbc.user}" /> < property name = "password" value = "${master.jdbc.password}" /> < property name = "filters" value = "stat" /> < property name = "maxActive" value = "20" /> < property name = "initialSize" value = "1" /> < property name = "maxWait" value = "60000" /> < property name = "minIdle" value = "1" /> < property name = "timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value = "60000" /> < property name = "minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value = "300000" /> < property name = "validationQuery" value = "SELECT 'x'" /> < property name = "testWhileIdle" value = "true" /> < property name = "testOnBorrow" value = "false" /> < property name = "testOnReturn" value = "false" /> </ bean > < bean id = "sqlSessionFactory1" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceMaster" /> < property name = "mapperLocations" > < array > < value >classpath:mapper/*.xml</ value > </ array > </ property > </ bean > < bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" > < property name = "basePackage" value = "com.isea533.mybatis.mapper" /> < property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory1" /> </ bean > < bean id = "sqlSessionMaster" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate" scope = "prototype" > < constructor-arg index = "0" ref = "sqlSessionFactory1" /> </ bean > < aop:config > < aop:pointcut id = "appService" expression = "execution(* com.isea533.mybatis.service..*Service*.*(..))" /> < aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice1" pointcut-ref = "appService" /> </ aop:config > < tx:advice id = "txAdvice1" transaction-manager = "transactionManager1" > < tx:attributes > < tx:method name = "select*" read-only = "true" /> < tx:method name = "find*" read-only = "true" /> < tx:method name = "get*" read-only = "true" /> < tx:method name = "*" /> </ tx:attributes > </ tx:advice > < bean id = "transactionManager1" class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceMaster" /> </ bean > </ beans > |
spring-datasource-slave.xml
和master区别不大,主要是id名字和数据源配置有区别。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
|
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> < bean id = "dataSourceSlave" class = "com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method = "init" destroy-method = "close" > < property name = "driverClassName" value = "${slave.jdbc.driverClass}" /> < property name = "url" value = "${slave.jdbc.url}" /> < property name = "username" value = "${slave.jdbc.user}" /> < property name = "password" value = "${slave.jdbc.password}" /> < property name = "filters" value = "stat" /> < property name = "maxActive" value = "20" /> < property name = "initialSize" value = "1" /> < property name = "maxWait" value = "60000" /> < property name = "minIdle" value = "1" /> < property name = "timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value = "60000" /> < property name = "minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value = "300000" /> < property name = "validationQuery" value = "SELECT 'x'" /> < property name = "testWhileIdle" value = "true" /> < property name = "testOnBorrow" value = "false" /> < property name = "testOnReturn" value = "false" /> </ bean > < bean id = "sqlSessionFactory2" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceSlave" /> < property name = "mapperLocations" > < array > < value >classpath:mapper/*.xml</ value > </ array > </ property > </ bean > < bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" > < property name = "basePackage" value = "com.isea533.mybatis.mapper" /> < property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory2" /> </ bean > < bean id = "sqlSessionSlave" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate" scope = "prototype" > < constructor-arg index = "0" ref = "sqlSessionFactory2" /> </ bean > < aop:config > < aop:pointcut id = "appService" expression = "execution(* com.isea533.mybatis.service..*Service*.*(..))" /> < aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice2" pointcut-ref = "appService" /> </ aop:config > < tx:advice id = "txAdvice2" transaction-manager = "transactionManager2" > < tx:attributes > < tx:method name = "*" read-only = "true" /> </ tx:attributes > </ tx:advice > < bean id = "transactionManager2" class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" > < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSourceSlave" /> </ bean > </ beans > |
这里需要注意<tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/>是只读的。如果不是从库,可以按主库进行配置。
在下面代码中:
1
2
3
4
|
< bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" > < property name = "basePackage" value = "com.isea533.mybatis.mapper" /> < property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory2" /> </ bean > |
必须通过sqlSessionFactoryBeanName来指定不同的sqlSessionFactory。
config.properties
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
# 数据库配置 - Master master.jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver master.jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql: //192.168.1.11:3306/test master.jdbc.user = root master.jdbc.password = jj # - Slave slave.jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver slave.jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql: //192.168.1.22:3306/test slave.jdbc.user = root slave.jdbc.password = jj |
使用Mapper
这里是针对主从的情况进行设置的,两个配置扫描的Mapper是一样的,所以没法直接注入,需要通过下面的麻烦方式注入。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
|
@Service public class DemoService { private CountryMapper writeMapper; private CountryMapper readMapper; @Resource (name = "sqlSessionMaster" ) public void setWriteMapper(SqlSession sqlSession) { this .writeMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CountryMapper. class ); } @Resource (name = "sqlSessionSlave" ) public void setReadMapper(SqlSession sqlSession) { this .readMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CountryMapper. class ); } public int save(Country country){ return writeMapper.insert(country); } public List<Country> selectPage( int pageNum, int pageSize) { PageHelper.startPage(pageNum, pageSize); return readMapper.select( null ); } } |
因为sqlSession能通过name区分开,所以这里从sqlSession获取Mapper。
另外如果需要考虑在同一个事务中写读的时候,需要使用相同的writeMapper,这样在读的时候,才能获取事务中的最新数据。
以上是主从的情况。
在分库的情况时,由于不同Mapper在不同的包下,所以可以直接使用@Resource或者@Autowired注入Mapper,不需要通过sqlSession获取。
本篇文章,只是一个多数据源的参考,实际应用时,请根据自己的情况进行考虑。
后续,我会利用业余时间,在本文和上面两个相关链接的基础上,针对MySql多数据源,尝试开发可以自动切换数据源的插件,因为我对这方面的实际应用不是很熟,所以欢迎大家留言分享自己的解决方案,对这些了解的越多,就越有可能开发出通用的数据源切换插件。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/isea533/article/details/46815385