前言:在与传统的asp.net MVC项目相比,.net core项目在项目目录的文件结构上和功能上与前者都有很大的区别。例如:在.net core中使用Startup.cs取代Global.asax文件用于加载应用程序的配置和各种启动项。appsettings.json取代web.config文件用于存储应用程序所需的配置参数等等。。。
OK!步入正题,下面来说一下如何读取Json配置文件中的参数。
第一种:使用IConfiguration接口
我们先在appsettings.json中配置好数据库连接字符串,然后读取它
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{ "Connection" : { "dbContent" : "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, "Logging" : { "LogLevel" : { "Default" : "Information" , "Microsoft" : "Warning" , "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime" : "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts" : "*" } |
在控制器中注入IConfiguration接口
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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; namespace Read.json.Controllers { [ApiController] [Route( "[controller]" )] public class ReadController : Controller { private IConfiguration _configuration; public ReadController(IConfiguration configuration) { _configuration = configuration; } [HttpPost] public async Task< string > ReadJson() { //读参 string conn = _configuration[ "Connection:dbContent" ]; return "" ; } } } |
当然也可以读取数组形式的json,一样的先在appsettings.json中写好配置参数,如下:
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{ "Connection" : { "dbContent" : "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, //------------------------ "Content" : [ { "Trade_name" : { "test1" : "小熊饼干" , "test2" : "旺仔QQ糖" , "test3" : "娃哈哈牛奶" } } ], //------------------------ "Logging" : { "LogLevel" : { "Default" : "Information" , "Microsoft" : "Warning" , "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime" : "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts" : "*" } |
比如我们想读取test1
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string commodity_test1 = _configuration[ "Content:0:Trade_name:test1" ]; |
第二种:使用IOptions<T>来读取json配置文件
先把NuGet包导进项目:Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions
首先在appsettings.json中添加节点如下
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{ "Connection" : { "dbContent" : "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, //------------------------ "Content" : [ { "Trade_name" : { "test1" : "小熊饼干" , "test2" : "旺仔QQ糖" , "test3" : "娃哈哈牛奶" } } ], //------------------------ "Logging" : { "LogLevel" : { "Default" : "Information" , "Microsoft" : "Warning" , "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime" : "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts" : "*" , //============================== "Information" : { "school" : { "Introduce" : { "Name" : "实验小学" , "Class" : "中班" , "Number" : "15人" }, "Region" : { "Province" : "湖北" , "City" : "武汉" , "Area" : "洪山区" }, "Detailed_address" : [ { "Address" : "佳园路207号" } ] } } //============================== } |
然和再建立一个与这个节点"相同"的类
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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Read.json { public class Information { public School school { get ; set ; } } public class School { public Introduce Introduce { get ; set ; } public Region Region { get ; set ; } public List<Detailed_address> data { get ; set ; } } public class Introduce { public string Name { get ; set ; } public string Class { get ; set ; } public string Number { get ; set ; } } public class Region { public string Province { get ; set ; } public string City { get ; set ; } public string Area { get ; set ; } } public class Detailed_address { public string Address { get ; set ; } } } |
在Startup中添加如下代码
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#region 服务注册,在控制器中通过注入的形式使用 services.AddOptions(); services.Configure<Information>(Configuration.GetSection( "Information" )); #endregion |
控制器中使用:
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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; using Microsoft.Extensions.Options; namespace Read.json.Controllers { [Route( "api/[controller]/[action]" )] [ApiController] public class ReadController : Controller { private IConfiguration _configuration; readonly Information _Information; readonly IOptions<Information> _options; public ReadController(IConfiguration configuration, Information Information, IOptions<Information> options) { _configuration = configuration; _Information = Information; _options = options; } [HttpGet] public async Task<IActionResult> ReadInformation() { string Address = _options.Value.school.Region.Province + "-" + _options.Value.school.Region.City + "-" + _options.Value.school.Region.Area + "-" + _options.Value.school.Detailed_address[0].Address + "-" + _options.Value.school.Introduce.Name + "-" + _options.Value.school.Introduce.Class + "-" + _options.Value.school.Introduce.Number; return Json(Address); } [HttpPost] public async Task< string > ReadJson() { string conn = _configuration[ "Connection:dbContent" ]; string commodity = _configuration[ "Content:0:Trade_name:test1" ]; return "" ; } } } |
第三种:这种应该比较常见,任意读取自定义的json文件
首先建立一个json文件
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再建一个类,封装一个方法
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using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Read.json { public class Json_File { public IConfigurationRoot Read_Json_File() { //这句代码会读取read_json.json中的内容 return new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile( "read_json.json" ) .Build(); } } } |
在控制器中调用:
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[HttpGet] public async Task<IActionResult> ReadSystemVersion() { var configuration = _json_File.Read_Json_File(); string system = "使用的是" + configuration[ "system_version:Edition" ] + "的版本" + "," + "项目名称是" + configuration[ "system_version:Project_Name" ]; return Json( new { data = system }); } |
Demo地址:https://github.com/Davenever/Read_Json.git
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangnever/p/11909842.html