一、新建一个html页面,如注册页面"Register.htm"
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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <title>用户注册</title> <meta charset= "utf-8" /> <style type= "text/css" > .msg { color:Red; } </style> </head> <body> <!-- 因为是ajax提交,html表单控件可以不必放在form里,且不能使用提交按纽(type= "submit" ),而使用普通按纽(type= "button" ) --> 用户名:<input type= "text" name= "id" id= "id" /><span id= "idMsg" class= "msg" ></span><br /> <!-- span用来显示错误信息 --> 密 码:<input type= "password" name= "pwd" id= "pwd" /><span id= "pwdMsg" class= "msg" ></span><br /> 姓 名:<input type= "text" name= "name" id= "xm" /><span id= "nameMsg" class= "msg" ></span><br /> <input id= "btnReg" type= "button" value= "注册" /> <script type= "text/javascript" src= "bootstrap/js/jquery.js" > </script> <script src= "reg.js" type= "text/javascript" ></script> </body> </html> |
二、新建一js文件,如:reg.js
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$( function () { //定义清除错误信息的函数 function clearMsg() { $( ".msg" ).html( "" ); } //定义获取表单数据的函数,注意返回json对象 function formData() { return { id: $( "#id" ).val(), pwd: $( "#pwd" ).val(), name: $( "#xm" ).val() }; } //定义注册功能的函数 function reg() { var url = "Register.ashx" ; var data = formData(); clearMsg(); $.ajax({ type: 'GET' , //自动会把json对象转换为查询字符串附在url后面如:http://localhost:49521/Register.ashx?id=a&pwd=b&name=c url: url, dataType: 'json' , //要求服务器返回一个json类型的数据,如:{"success":true,"message":"注册成功"} contentType: 'application/json' , //发送信息给服务器时,内容编码的类型 data: data, //提交给服务器的数据,直接使用json对象的数据,如:{"id":"a","pwd":"b","name":"c"} (如果要求json格式的字符串,可使用用JSON.stringify(data)) success: function (responseData) { //如果响应成功(即200) if (responseData.success == true ) { //responseData也是json格式,如:{"success":true,"message":"注册成功"} alert(responseData.message); } else { var msgs = responseData.msgs; //msgs对象是一个数组,如下所示: //{"success":false,"message":"注册失败","msgs":[{"id":"pwdMsg","message":"密码不能为空."},{"id":"nameMsg","message":"姓名不能为空."}]} for ( var i = 0; i < msgs.length; i++) { $( '#' + msgs[i].id).html(msgs[i].message); } } }, error: function () { //要求为Function类型的参数,请求失败时被调用的函数。该函数有3个参数,即XMLHttpRequest对象、错误信息、捕获的错误对象(可选)。ajax事件函数如下: //function(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown){ //通常情况下textStatus和errorThrown只有其中一个包含信息 //this; //调用本次ajax请求时传递的options参数 alert(arguments[1]); } }); //ajax } //定义一个初始化函数 function init() { $( "#btnReg" ).click( function () { reg(); }); } //调用初始化函数 init(); }); |
三、处理ajax请求
方法一:手动拼接json字符串
新建一般处理程序,如:Register.ashx
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using System; using System.Collections; using System.Data; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Services; using System.Web.Services.Protocols; using System.Xml.Linq; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace WebLogin { /// <summary> /// $codebehindclassname$ 的摘要说明 /// </summary> [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/" )] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] public class Register1 : IHttpHandler { public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "application/json" ; //设置响应内容的格式是json格式 string id = context.Request[ "id" ]; string pwd = context.Request[ "pwd" ]; string name = context.Request[ "name" ]; List<string> msgList = new List<string>(); if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id)) { msgList.Add( "{\"id\":\"idMsg\",\"message\":\"用户名不能为空.\"}" ); } if (pwd== null || pwd== "" ) { msgList.Add( "{\"id\":\"pwdMsg\",\"message\":\"密码不能为空.\"}" ); //形如:{"id":"pwdMsg","message":"密码不能为空."} } if (name== null || name== "" ) { msgList.Add( "{\"id\":\"nameMsg\",\"message\":\"姓名不能为空.\"}" ); } string responseText = "" ; if (msgList.Count == 0 ) { //调用后台代码写入数据库 responseText = "{\"success\":true,\"message\":\"注册成功\"}" ; } else { string msgsValue = "" ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < msgList.Count; i++) { msgsValue += msgList[i] + "," ; //将列表中的每一个字符串连接起来,用","隔开,不过最后还会多"," } msgsValue=msgsValue.Substring( 0 , msgsValue.Length - 1 ); //去掉末尾的"," msgsValue = "[" + msgsValue + "]" ; //用"[]"括起来,如:[{"id":"pwdMsg","message":"密码不能为空."},{"id":"nameMsg","message":"姓名不能为空."}] responseText = "{\"success\":false,\"message\":\"注册失败\",\"msgs\":" + msgsValue + "}" ; //最的形如:{"success":false,"message":"注册失败","msgs":[{"id":"pwdMsg","message":"密码不能为空."},{"id":"nameMsg","message":"姓名不能为空."}]} } context.Response.Write(responseText); } public bool IsReusable { get { return false ; } } } } |
方法二:使用Json.NET工具来将C#对象转换json输出
1、新建信息类“Msg.cs”
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using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Xml.Linq; namespace WebLogin { public class Msg { private string id; public string Id { get { return id; } set { id = value; } } private string message; public string Message { get { return message; } set { message = value; } } public Msg(string id, string message) { this .id = id; this .message = message; } } } |
2、新建返回json对象的类“ResponseData.cs”
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using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Xml.Linq; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace WebLogin { public class ResponseData { private bool success; public bool Success { get { return success; } set { success = value; } } private string message; public string Message { get { return message; } set { message = value; } } private List<Msg> msgs; public List<Msg> Msgs { get { return msgs; } set { msgs = value; } } public ResponseData(bool success, string message) { this .success = success; this .message = message; } public ResponseData(bool success, string message, List<Msg> msgs) { this .success = success; this .message = message; this .msgs = msgs; } } } |
3、去官网下载Json.NET,并复制引用
官网:http://www.newtonsoft.com/json
下载地址:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1nvz9JBV
下载解压后将“Newtonsoft.Json.dll”复制到项目的“bin”目录中,并引用(注意和.net版本保持一致)
4、新建一般处理程序“reg.ashx”
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using System; using System.Collections; using System.Data; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Services; using System.Web.Services.Protocols; using System.Xml.Linq; using System.Collections.Generic; using Newtonsoft.Json; //引入 namespace WebLogin { /// <summary> /// $codebehindclassname$ 的摘要说明 /// </summary> [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/" )] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] public class reg : IHttpHandler { public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "application/json" ; //设置响应内容的格式是json格式 string id = context.Request[ "id" ]; string pwd = context.Request[ "pwd" ]; string name = context.Request[ "name" ]; List<Msg> msgs = new List<Msg>(); if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id)) { msgs.Add( new Msg( "idMsg" , "用户名不能为空." )); } if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(pwd)) { msgs.Add( new Msg( "pwdMsg" , "密码不能为空." )); } if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) { msgs.Add( new Msg( "nameMsg" , "姓名不能为空." )); } ResponseData rData; if (msgs.Count == 0) { //调用注册方法,写入数据库 rData = new ResponseData( true , "注册成功." ); } else { rData = new ResponseData( false , "注册失败." , msgs); } context.Response.Write(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(rData)); //直接调用方法将rData转换为json字符串 } public bool IsReusable { get { return false ; } } } } |
四、完成效果如图
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的ASP.NET使用Ajax返回Json对象的方法,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持!
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/beast-king/archive/2017/05/25/6903877.html