本文实例讲述了MHA实现mysql主从数据库手动切换的方法，分享给大家供大家参考。具体方法如下：
一、准备工作
1、分别在Master和Slave执行如下,方便mha检查复制:
复制代码 代码如下:
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'10.1.1.231' identified by 'rootpass';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'10.1.1.234' identified by 'rootpass';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'jpsync'@'10.1.1.231' identified by 'jppasswd';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'jpsync'@'10.1.1.234' identified by 'jppasswd';
flush privileges;
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'10.1.1.234' identified by 'rootpass';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'jpsync'@'10.1.1.231' identified by 'jppasswd';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'jpsync'@'10.1.1.234' identified by 'jppasswd';
flush privileges;
2、将master设置为只读
复制代码 代码如下:
mysql> set global read_only=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'read_only';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| read_only | ON |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'read_only';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| read_only | ON |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
交互模式:
复制代码 代码如下:
#masterha_master_switch --master_state=alive --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --new_master_host=10.1.1.231 --new_master_port=63306
或非交互模式:
复制代码 代码如下:
#masterha_master_switch --master_state=alive --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --new_master_host=10.1.1.231 --new_master_port=63306 —interactive=0
二、切换完以后，如何让10.1.1.231为主，10.1.1.234为从，操作步骤:
1、主上执行:
复制代码 代码如下:
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-master-bin.000013 | 120 | denovo_ng | mysql,denovo,test,information_schema | |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-master-bin.000013 | 120 | denovo_ng | mysql,denovo,test,information_schema | |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2、在10.1.1.234上执行如下sql命令；
复制代码 代码如下:
change master to master_host='10.1.1.231',master_port=63306,master_user='jpsync',
master_password='jppasswd', master_log_file='mysql-master-bin.000013',master_log_pos=120;
mysql> show slave status＼G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.1.1.231
Master_User: jpsync
Master_Port: 63306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000013
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: compute-0-52-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 290
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000013
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
master_password='jppasswd', master_log_file='mysql-master-bin.000013',master_log_pos=120;
mysql> show slave status＼G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.1.1.231
Master_User: jpsync
Master_Port: 63306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000013
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: compute-0-52-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 290
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000013
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
3、查看master状态，并测试
复制代码 代码如下:
mysql> show slave hosts;
+-----------+------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID |
+-----------+------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| 1052 | | 63306 | 1025 | e25a3e4a-39c0-11e4-80cb-00259086c4b6 |
+-----------+------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+-----------+------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID |
+-----------+------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| 1052 | | 63306 | 1025 | e25a3e4a-39c0-11e4-80cb-00259086c4b6 |
+-----------+------+-------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
主库10.1.1.231上插入记录
复制代码 代码如下:
mysql> insert into test_slave_002 values(555551111,1,55555,99999,44.11,2222,91919);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
从库查询记录已经存在
复制代码 代码如下:
mysql> select * from test_slave_002 where id=555551111;
+-----------+-----+-----------+--------------+----------+----------------+--------------+
| id | tag | ticket_id | candidate_id | duration | source_file_id | source_start |
+-----------+-----+-----------+--------------+----------+----------------+--------------+
| 555551111 | 1 | 55555 | 99999 | 44.11 | 2222 | 91919 |
+-----------+-----+-----------+--------------+----------+----------------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+-----------+-----+-----------+--------------+----------+----------------+--------------+
| id | tag | ticket_id | candidate_id | duration | source_file_id | source_start |
+-----------+-----+-----------+--------------+----------+----------------+--------------+
| 555551111 | 1 | 55555 | 99999 | 44.11 | 2222 | 91919 |
+-----------+-----+-----------+--------------+----------+----------------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4、更新配置文件:
更新主库my.cnf配置添加
复制代码 代码如下:
skip_slave_start
注意:防止重启数据库，启动slave进程，导致数据不一致。
更新从库my.cnf配置添加，设置slave库为只读:
复制代码 代码如下:
read_only=1
relay_log_purge=0
relay_log_purge=0
然后重启主库和从库,观察库的信息:
主库信息:
复制代码 代码如下:
mysql> show processlist;
+----+--------+------------------+------+-------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+--------+------------------+------+-------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 1 | jpsync | 10.1.1.234:49085 | NULL | Binlog Dump | 17 | Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated | NULL |
| 2 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | init | show processlist |
+----+--------+------------------+------+-------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-master-bin.000014 | 120 | denovo_ng | mysql,denovo,test,information_schema | |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+----+--------+------------------+------+-------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+--------+------------------+------+-------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 1 | jpsync | 10.1.1.234:49085 | NULL | Binlog Dump | 17 | Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated | NULL |
| 2 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | init | show processlist |
+----+--------+------------------+------+-------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-master-bin.000014 | 120 | denovo_ng | mysql,denovo,test,information_schema | |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从库信息:
复制代码 代码如下:
mysql> show slave status＼G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.1.1.231
Master_User: jpsync
Master_Port: 63306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000014
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: compute-0-52-relay-bin.000005
Relay_Log_Pos: 290
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000014
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 1 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 58 | Waiting for master to send event | NULL |
| 2 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 58 | Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it | NULL |
| 3 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | init | show processlist |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.1.1.231
Master_User: jpsync
Master_Port: 63306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000014
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: compute-0-52-relay-bin.000005
Relay_Log_Pos: 290
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000014
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 1 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 58 | Waiting for master to send event | NULL |
| 2 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 58 | Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it | NULL |
| 3 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | init | show processlist |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
希望本文所述对大家的MySQL数据库程序设计有所帮助。
