详解基于CentOS 7配置Nginx自启动_Nginx

Nginx是广为流行的轻量级Web服务器软件。它开源，短小精悍，简单易用，深受广大互联网企业以及IT运维人员所喜爱。很多时候，我们在生产环境基于编译方式安装Nginx后，Nginx需要手工配置自启动服务，以确保服务器异常宕机后自动重启该服务。以下描述的是基于CentOS 7下来配置自启动服务，供大家参考。

一、yum 安装方式Nginx自启动

当前环境

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									[root@node142 ~]# more /etc/redhat-release 

									CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

查看是否保护nginx rpm包

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									[root@node142 ~]# rpm -qa|grep nginx

									nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64

									nginx-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64

									nginx-filesystem-1.12.2-2.el7.noarch

									nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64

									nginx-mod-stream-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64

									nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64

									nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64

									nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-2.el7.noarch

									nginx-mod-mail-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64

查看是否存在相应的服务，如下，有nginx.service

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									[root@node142 ~]# systemctl list-unit-files |grep nginx

									nginx.service               disabled

将其配置为自动

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									[root@node142 ~]# systemctl enable nginx.service

查看nginx.service文件

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									[root@node142 ~]# more /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

									[Unit]

									Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server

									After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

									[Service]

									Type=forking

									PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid

									# Nginx will fail to start if /run/nginx.pid already exists but has the wrong

									# SELinux context. This might happen when running `nginx -t` from the cmdline.

									# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1268621

									ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /run/nginx.pid

									ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t

									ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx

									ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID

									KillSignal=SIGQUIT

									TimeoutStopSec=5

									KillMode=process

									PrivateTmp=true

									[Install]

									WantedBy=multi-user.target

上述配置文件中的内容和官网提供的一模一样

https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/systemd/

二、编译安装后的自启动配置

由于是编译安装，因此，对于这个自启动的脚本我们需要自行配制。

具体则是参考上面的链接或者上面给出的nginx.service文件内容。

然后将其保存为 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service。

看下面的例子

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									# more /etc/redhat-release 

									CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 

									# ps -ef|grep nginx

									root  10092 10014 0 16:23 pts/0  00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

									root  20791  1 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:00 nginx: master process ./sbin/nginx -c /u01/app/nginx/nginx.conf

									nobody 20792 20791 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:44 nginx: worker process

									nobody 20793 20791 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:42 nginx: worker process

									nobody 20794 20791 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:50 nginx: worker process

									nobody 20795 20791 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:44 nginx: worker process

									nobody 20796 20791 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:43 nginx: worker process

									nobody 20797 20791 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:43 nginx: worker process

									nobody 20798 20791 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:37 nginx: worker process

									nobody 20799 20791 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:48 nginx: worker process

									nobody 20800 20791 0 Mar20 ?    00:00:04 nginx: cache manager process

									#

无相应的rpm包，如下查询，此处为编译安装

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									# rpm -qa|grep nginx

也没有添加相应的自启动服务

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									# systemctl list-unit-files |grep nginx

nginx版本

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									# /u01/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -v

									nginx version: nginx/1.8.1

获取nginx编译模块，然后查看诸如pid，二进制位置并记录以便修改启动文件

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									# /u01/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -V

									nginx version: nginx/1.8.1

									built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC) 

									built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017

									TLS SNI support enabled

									configure arguments: --prefix=/u01/app/nginx --sbin-path=/u01/app/nginx/sbin/nginx 

									--conf-path=/u01/app/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/u01/app/nginx/log/error.log 

									--http-log-path=/u01/app/nginx/log/access.log --pid-path=/u01/app/nginx/nginx.pid 

									--lock-path=/u01/app/nginx/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/u01/app/nginx/client_temp 

									--http-proxy-temp-path=/u01/app/nginx/proxy_temp 

									--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/u01/app/nginx/fastcgi_temp 

									--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/u01/app/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/u01/app/nginx/scgi_temp

									--user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module 

									--with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module

									--with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module 

									--with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module 

									--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module

									--with-file-aio --with-http_spdy_module --with-ipv6

下面我们生成一个新的nginx.service文件

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									# vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

									[Unit]

									Description=The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server

									After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

									[Service]

									Type=forking

									PIDFile=/u01/app/nginx/nginx.pid

									ExecStartPre=/u01/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

									ExecStart=/u01/app/nginx/sbin/nginx 

									ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID

									ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID

									PrivateTmp=true

									[Install]

									WantedBy=multi-user.target

下面我们先手工停止nginx

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									# /u01/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

配置自启动

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									# systemctl enable nginx.service

使用systemctl工具启动nginx服务

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									# systemctl start nginx.service

									# systemctl status nginx.service

									● nginx.service - The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server

									 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)

									 Active: active (running) since Thu 2018-03-29 16:37:47 CST; 6s ago

									 Process: 10588 ExecStart=/u01/app/nginx/sbin/nginx (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

									 Process: 10586 ExecStartPre=/u01/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

									Main PID: 10590 (nginx)

									 CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service

									     ├─10590 nginx: master process /u01/app/nginx/sbin/nginx

									     ├─10591 nginx: worker process # Author : Leshami

									     ├─10592 nginx: worker process # Blog : https://blog.csdn.net/leshami

									     ├─10593 nginx: worker process

									     ├─10594 nginx: worker process

									     ├─10595 nginx: worker process

									     ├─10596 nginx: worker process

									     ├─10597 nginx: worker process

									     ├─10598 nginx: worker process

									     ├─10599 nginx: cache manager process

									     └─10600 nginx: cache loader process

									Mar 29 16:37:47 ydq-std systemd[1]: Starting The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server...

									Mar 29 16:37:47 ydq-std nginx[10586]: nginx: the configuration file /u01/app/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

									Mar 29 16:37:47 ydq-std nginx[10586]: nginx: configuration file /u01/app/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

									Mar 29 16:37:47 ydq-std systemd[1]: Started The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server.