Python编程实现简单的微博自动点赞_Python

一、实现登陆微博功能

首先进入微博页面后按F12打开开发者工具，将如图的按钮点击后，在浏览器中手动登陆一次，在Network 标签的XHR类型中找到Login请求标签，在Form data下我们可以看到username(用户名)和password(密码)，并知道了请求方式是POST，请求的参数有很多我们直接照搬就是。

网页截图

Python编程实现简单的微博自动点赞

这时，可能学过一些爬虫的同学便会直接上手写出如上雷同的代码，但发现出不来结果

会报错的代码

import requests	
headers = {
 	 "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like 			Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36"
	}
login_data = {
 	 "username": "你的用户名",
 	 "password": "你的密码",
	 "savestate": "1",
	 "r": "https://m.weibo.cn/?jumpfrom=weibocom",
	 "ec": "0",
	 "pagerefer": "https://m.weibo.cn/login?backURL=https%253A%252F%252Fm.weibo.cn%252F%253Fjumpfrom%253Dweibocom",
  	 "entry": "mweibo",
	 "wentry": "",
	 "loginfrom": "",
	 "client_id": "",
	 "code": "",
	 "qq": "",
 	 "mainpageflag": "1",
	 "hff": "",
	 "hfp": "",
	}
login_req = requests.post("https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login", data=login_data, headers=headers)
print(login_req.status_code)

这是因为有些网站并不只是按照"user-agent"判断用户的正常访问的。那我们还需点开Request Headers（请求头）检查可能还有什么字段会用来判断用户正常访问

Python编程实现简单的微博自动点赞

一般 referer（请求来源页面）、origin（谁发起的请求）、host（主机名及端口号）字段也常被用于反爬虫，当我们的爬虫无法正常获取数据时，我们可以将请求头里的这些字段照搬进去试试。经过验证，微博网页是以referer 来判断是否是用户正常访问。最后我们还可以把Cookie放进代码里，这样就不用在代码里输入账号密码了。

要注意Cookie并不是永久有效的，若发现自动登录失败，可以重新上网页把新的Cookie复制下来更换

完整的代码如下

import requests
headers = {
	  "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36",
	  "referer": "https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login? 	entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=https%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F%3Fjumpfrom%3Dweibocom",
	  "cookie": "你的cookie"
	}
login_data = {
	  "savestate": "1",
	  "r": "https://m.weibo.cn/?jumpfrom=weibocom",
	  "ec": "0",
	  "pagerefer": "https://m.weibo.cn/login?backURL=https%253A%252F%252Fm.weibo.cn%252F%253Fjumpfrom%253Dweibocom",
	  "entry": "mweibo",
	  "wentry": "",
	  "loginfrom": "",
	  "client_id": "",
	  "code": "",
	  "qq": "",
	  "mainpageflag": "1",
	  "hff": "",
	  "hfp": "",
	}
login_req = requests.post("https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login", data=login_data, headers=headers)
print(login_req.status_code)	#输出200则代表登录成功

二、实现发送微博

既然都登陆微博了，我们先试试能不能顺便发微博吧

同样的，在微博编辑页面点击F12进入开发者工具，我们先试试发送一个微博，Network标签会出现什么新的内容吧

网页截图

Python编程实现简单的微博自动点赞

当微博界面点击发送之后，Network标签就会出现update的请求，点进去可以看到，请求地址是https://m.weibo.cn/api/statuses/update，请求方法是 POST。参数有两个一个是content 也就是发送的微博内容，另一个是st，这里的st通过几次的检验，猜测应该是网站的反爬虫措施。这里获得st的方法是通过同为Network标签下的config请求，里面存放了st值，我们将 JSON 格式的字符串转换为字典，然后取到 st 的值

方法

config_req = session.get("https://m.weibo.cn/api/config")
config = config_req.json()
st = config["data"]["st"]
print(st)   #每隔一段时间st值会改变

登录和发送微博的完整代码如

import requests
headers = {
	  "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36",
	  "referer": "https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=https%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F%3Fjumpfrom%3Dweibocom",
	  "cookie": "你的cookie"
	}
login_data = {
	  "savestate": "1",
	  "r": "https://m.weibo.cn/?jumpfrom=weibocom",
	  "ec": "0",
	  "pagerefer": "https://m.weibo.cn/login?backURL=https%253A%252F%252Fm.weibo.cn%252F%253Fjumpfrom%253Dweibocom",
	  "entry": "mweibo",
	  "wentry": "",
	  "loginfrom": "",
	  "client_id": "",
	  "code": "",
	  "qq": "",
	  "mainpageflag": "1",
	  "hff": "",
	  "hfp": "",
	}	
# 使用 session来保留登录状态
session = requests.Session()
session.headers.update(headers)
login_req = session.post("https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login", data=login_data)
# 获取 st 请求
config_req = session.get("https://m.weibo.cn/api/config")
config = config_req.json()
st = config["data"]["st"]
compose_data = {
	  "content": input("请输入发送的内容："),,
	  "st": st
}
compose_req = session.post("https://m.weibo.cn/api/statuses/update", data=compose_data)
print(compose_req.json())	# 输出：{"ok": 1, "data": 省略部分内容...}

调整结构后的代码(功能一样)如

import requests
class WeiboSpider:
	def __init__(self):
   		self.session = requests.Session()
    	self.headers = {
      "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36",
      "referer": "https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=https%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F%3Fjumpfrom%3Dweibocom",
      "cookie": "你的Cookie"
    }
    self.session.headers.update(self.headers)
	def login(self):
    	login_data = {
      "savestate": "1",
      "r": "https://m.weibo.cn/?jumpfrom=weibocom",
      "ec": "0",
      "pagerefer": "https://m.weibo.cn/login?backURL=https%253A%252F%252Fm.weibo.cn%252F%253Fjumpfrom%253Dweibocom",
      "entry": "mweibo",
      "wentry": "",
      "loginfrom": "",
      "client_id": "",
      "code": "",
      "qq": "",
      "mainpageflag": "1",
      "hff": "",
      "hfp": "",
	}
	self.session.post("https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login", data=login_data)
	def get_st(self):
    	config_req = self.session.get("https://m.weibo.cn/api/config")
    	config = config_req.json()
    	st = config["data"]["st"]
    	return st
 	def compose(self, content):
    	compose_data = {
      "content": content,
      "st": self.get_st()
    }
    compose_req = self.session.post("https://m.weibo.cn/api/statuses/update", data=compose_data)
    print(compose_req.json())
 	def send(self, content):
    	self.login()
    	self.compose(content)
weibo = WeiboSpider()
weibo.send(input("请输入发送的内容："))

三、实现微博自动点赞

完整的代码

import requests
class WeiboSpider:
  def __init__(self):
    self.session = requests.Session()
    self.headers = {
      "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36",
      "referer": "https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=https%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F%3Fjumpfrom%3Dweibocom",
      "cookie": "你的cookie"
    }
    self.session.headers.update(self.headers)
  def login(self):
    login_data = {
      "savestate": "1",
      "r": "https://m.weibo.cn/?jumpfrom=weibocom",
      "ec": "0",
      "pagerefer": "https://m.weibo.cn/login?backURL=https%253A%252F%252Fm.weibo.cn%252F%253Fjumpfrom%253Dweibocom",
      "entry": "mweibo",
      "wentry": "",
      "loginfrom": "",
      "client_id": "",
      "code": "",
      "qq": "",
      "mainpageflag": "1",
      "hff": "",
      "hfp": "",
    }
    self.session.post("https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login", data=login_data)
  def get_st(self):
    config_req = self.session.get("https://m.weibo.cn/api/config")
    config = config_req.json()
    st = config["data"]["st"]
    return st
  def compose(self, content):
    compose_data = {
      "content": content,
      "st": self.get_st()
    }
    compose_req = self.session.post("https://m.weibo.cn/api/statuses/update", data=compose_data)
    print(compose_req.json())
  def send(self, content):
    self.login()
    self.compose(content)
  # 获取微博列表
  def get_weibo_list(self):
    params = {
      "type": "uid",
      "value": "2139359753", 
      "containerid": "1076032139359753"
    }
    weibo_list_req = self.session.get("https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex", params=params)
    weibo_list_data = weibo_list_req.json()
    weibo_list = weibo_list_data["data"]["cards"]
    return weibo_list
 # 点赞微博
  def vote_up(self, id):
    vote_up_data = {
      "id": id,  # 要点赞的微博 id
      "attitude": "heart",
      "st": self.get_st()
    }
    vote_up_req = self.session.post("https://m.weibo.cn/api/attitudes/create", data=vote_up_data)
    json = vote_up_req.json()
    print(json["msg"])
  # 批量点赞微博
  def vote_up_all(self):
    self.login()
    weibo_list = self.get_weibo_list()
    for i in weibo_list:
      # card_type 为 9 是正常微博
      if i["card_type"] == 9:
        self.vote_up(i["mblog"]["id"])
weibo = WeiboSpider()
weibo.vote_up_all()

谢谢大家，Python的分享就到此为止，以后如果有好玩的Python程序，我还会继续向大家分享的，希望大家以后多多支持服务器之家！

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/huisoul/article/details/116008126