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.NET5修改配置不重启自动生效的实现

2021-12-20 15:36包子wxl ASP.NET教程

.NET Core,.NET5默认配置都是只加载一次,修改配置时都需要重启才能生效,如何能修改即时生效呢,本文就来介绍一下

.NET Core,.NET5默认配置都是只加载一次,修改配置时都需要重启才能生效,如何能修改即时生效呢,下面来演示一遍。

一、设置配置文件实时生效

1.1配置

在Program.cs的CreateHostBuilder()处增加加载配置文件的时候,reloadOnChange:true。

这样配置文件修改的时候,程序就会监听到文件发生变化,自动重新加载了。

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public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
           Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
           .ConfigureAppConfiguration((context, config) =>
           {
               config.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true);
           })
               .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
               {
                   webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
 
               });

1.2验证

appsettings.json文件内容如下

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{
  "TestSetting": "123",
  "AppOptions": {
    "UserName": "zhangsan"
  }
}

代码:

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public class HomeController : Controller
    {
     private readonly ILogger<HomeController> _logger;
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
        public HomeController(ILogger<HomeController> logger, IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            _logger = logger;
            _configuration = configuration;
        }
 
        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            string Name = _configuration["TestSetting"];
            string Name2 = _configuration["AppOptions:UserName"];
            ViewBag.Name = Name;
            ViewBag.Name2 = Name2;
            return View();
        }
}

界面显示:

.NET5修改配置不重启自动生效的实现

 把配置文件修改为:

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{
  "TestSetting": "abc",
  "AppOptions": {
    "UserName": "zhangsan123"
  }
}

刷新页面,已经发生变化:

.NET5修改配置不重启自动生效的实现

1.3 IOptions方式实时生效

新建AppOptions.cs类

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/// <summary>
    /// 配置文件
    /// </summary>
    public class AppOptions
    {
        public string UserName { get; set; }
    }

在Startup.cs处把配置加到Options

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public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
      {
          services.AddControllersWithViews();
          services.Configure<AppOptions>(Configuration.GetSection("AppOptions"));
      }

使用:

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public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly ILogger<HomeController> _logger;
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
        private AppOptions _options;
        public HomeController(ILogger<HomeController> logger, IConfiguration configuration, IOptionsMonitor<AppOptions> appOptions)
        {
            _logger = logger;
            _configuration = configuration;
            _options = appOptions.CurrentValue;
        }
 
        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            string Name = _configuration["TestSetting"];
            string Name2 = _options.UserName;
            ViewBag.Name = Name;
            ViewBag.Name2 = Name2;
            return View();
        }
}

IOptions有三种方式

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//IOptions<T> //站点启动后,获取到的值永远不变
//IOptionsMonitor<T> //站点启动后,如果配置文件有变化会发布事件 (加载配置时,reloadOnChange:true 必须为true)
//IOptionsSnapshot<T> //站点启动后,每次获取到的值都是配置文件里的最新值 (加载配置时,reloadOnChange:true 必须为true)

注意:

在 AddSingleton Services中使用 IOptionsMonitor<T>也是无法实现配置立即生效的,而IOptionsSnapshot<T>启动就会报错。

例:

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public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly ILogger<HomeController> _logger;
        private UserService _userService;
        public HomeController(ILogger<HomeController> logger, UserService userService)
        {
           
            _userService = userService;
        }
 
        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            string Name2 = _userService.GetName();
            ViewBag.Name2 = Name2;
            return View();
        }
}
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public class UserService
    {
        private AppOptions _options;
        public UserService(IOptionsMonitor<AppOptions> appOptions)
        {
            _options = appOptions.CurrentValue;
        }
        public string GetName()
        {
            var Name = _options.UserName;
            return Name;
        }
    }
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public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
       {
           services.AddControllersWithViews();
           services.Configure<AppOptions>(Configuration.GetSection("AppOptions"));
           services.AddSingleton<UserService>();
       }

上面的UserService是单例注入的,通过IOptions的方式是实现不了配置实时刷新的,这种情况只能通过1.2中的 _configuration["AppOptions:UserName"]; 方式获取才能实现。

所以,这几种方式要根据情景变换使用。

1.4多个配置文件加载实时生效

增加多一个db配置文件

.NET5修改配置不重启自动生效的实现

修改Program.cs处CreateHostBuilder(),也是加载时加上reloadOnChange:true 就可以了。

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public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
          Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
          .ConfigureAppConfiguration((context, config) =>
          {
              config.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true);
              config.AddJsonFile("Configs/dbsetting.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true);
          })
              .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
              {
                  webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
 
              });

使用也是一样的:

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public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly ILogger<HomeController> _logger;
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
        private AppOptions _options;
        public HomeController(ILogger<HomeController> logger, IConfiguration configuration, IOptionsMonitor<AppOptions> appOptions)
        {
            _logger = logger;
            _configuration = configuration;
            _options = appOptions.CurrentValue;
        }
 
        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            string Name = _configuration["TestSetting"];
            string Name2 = _configuration["db:connection1"];
            ViewBag.Name = Name;
            ViewBag.Name2 = Name2;
            return View();
        }
}

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原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/wei325/p/15277177.html

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