listview在我们android项目中的地位是有目共睹的,相信几乎每一个app中都有它的身影。
listview主要是用列表形式来加载数据,在特定情况下需要实现一些特殊功能:如刷新数据,加载数据,实现动画效果等。
作为我们常用的控件,有哪些需要注意的呢?
**为listview的每一item设置分隔线
第一种方法:也是最简单地方法,在布局文件中设置listview的
divider属性
如:android:divider=”@color/black”
第二种方法:设置android:divider=”@null”表示不要分隔线,然后,自己在item布局中添加分隔线。
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<listview> android:id= "@+id/test_lv" android:layout_width= "match_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:divider= "#d1d1d1" <!--设置分隔线颜色--> android:dividerheight= "1px" <!--设置分隔线高度--> > </listview> |
** 默认情况下,listview的item有点击效果,怎么样改变这种效果呢?
设置listviewr的android:listselector属性,比如可以设置透明取消这种效果android:listselector=”@android:color/transparent”
也可以设置自己想要的效果,添加对应的color资源或drawble资源 就可以了。
** 当数据比较多的时候,listview在滚动时候会显示一个默认的滚动条,要取消这个滚动条的话,可以设置android:scrollbars属性
如:android:scrollbars=”none”
** listview性能优化,必用viewholder来充分发挥listview的recycle机制
** listview中数据动态变化,添加或删除数据操作,效果显而易见。
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//实现listview数据添加删除 public class mainactivity extends activity implements view.onclicklistener { private listview test_lv; private list<testbean> datalist; private testadapter adapter; private button add_btn, del_btn; private imageview emptyiv; private linearlayout operator_ll; @override protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { super .oncreate(savedinstancestate); setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main); initdatas(); initviews(); } private void initdatas() { datalist = new arraylist<>(); for ( int i = 0 ; i < 5 ; i++) { testbean bean = new testbean(); bean.settitle( "标题_" + i); bean.setcontent( "这是内容_" + i); bean.settype(i % 2 == 0 ? 1 : 2 ); datalist.add(bean); } } private void initviews() { this .test_lv = (listview) findviewbyid(r.id.test_lv); this .add_btn = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.add_btn); this .del_btn = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.del_btn); emptyiv = (imageview) findviewbyid(r.id.empty_iv); operator_ll=(linearlayout)findviewbyid(r.id.operator_ll); this .add_btn.setonclicklistener( this ); this .del_btn.setonclicklistener( this ); if (datalist.size() == 0 ) { emptyiv.setvisibility(view.visible); operator_ll.setvisibility(view.gone); test_lv.setemptyview(emptyiv); } else { emptyiv.setvisibility(view.gone); operator_ll.setvisibility(view.visible); adapter = new testadapter( this , datalist); test_lv.setadapter(adapter); } test_lv.setselection( 15 ); } @override public void onclick(view v) { switch (v.getid()) { case r.id.add_btn: //默认增加在第一个位置 testbean bean = new testbean(); bean.settitle( "增加项" ); bean.setcontent( "这是增加内容" ); bean.settype( 1 ); datalist.add( 0 , bean); break ; case r.id.del_btn: //默认删除第一条数据 datalist.remove( 0 ); break ; } adapter.notifydatasetchanged(); //刷新listview数据 } } //listview对应adapter public class testadapter extends baseadapter { private context mcontext; private list<testbean> listdatas; public testadapter(context mcontext, list<testbean> listdatas) { this .mcontext = mcontext; this .listdatas = listdatas; } @override public int getcount() { return listdatas.size(); } @override public object getitem( int position) { return listdatas.get(position); } @override public long getitemid( int position) { return position; } @override public view getview( int position, view convertview, viewgroup parent) { viewholder holder = null ; if (convertview == null ) { holder = new viewholder(); convertview = layoutinflater.from(mcontext).inflate(r.layout.test_item, null ); holder.title = (textview) convertview.findviewbyid(r.id.item_title); holder.content = (textview) convertview.findviewbyid(r.id.item_content); convertview.settag(holder); } else { holder = (viewholder) convertview.gettag(); } holder.content.settext(listdatas.get(position).getcontent()); holder.title.settext(listdatas.get(position).gettitle()); return convertview; } final class viewholder { textview title; textview content; } } |
** 类似聊天界面,listview中有多种item样式效果
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//实现listview中多种item样式 public class typeactivity extends activity { private listview type_lv; private list<testbean> datalist; private typeadapter adapter; @override protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { super .oncreate(savedinstancestate); setcontentview(r.layout.activity_type); initdatas(); initviews(); } private void initdatas() { datalist = new arraylist<>(); for ( int i = 0 ; i < 9 ; i++) { testbean bean = new testbean(); bean.settitle( "标题_" + i); bean.setcontent( "这是内容_" + i); bean.settype(i % 2 == 0 ? 1 : 2 ); datalist.add(bean); } } private void initviews() { this .type_lv = (listview) findviewbyid(r.id.type_lv); adapter = new typeadapter( this , datalist); type_lv.setadapter(adapter); } } //对应adapter public class typeadapter extends baseadapter { private context mcontext; private list<testbean> listdatas; public typeadapter(context mcontext, list<testbean> listdatas) { this .mcontext = mcontext; this .listdatas = listdatas; } @override public int getcount() { return listdatas.size(); } @override public object getitem( int position) { return listdatas.get(position); } @override public long getitemid( int position) { return position; } @override public view getview( int position, view convertview, viewgroup parent) { viewholder holder = null ; //根据样式设置不同的布局及数据展示 int type = getitemviewtype(position); if (convertview == null ) { holder = new viewholder(); if (type == 1 ) { convertview = layoutinflater.from(mcontext).inflate(r.layout.test_item, null ); holder.title = (textview) convertview.findviewbyid(r.id.item_title); holder.content = (textview) convertview.findviewbyid(r.id.item_content); } else { convertview = layoutinflater.from(mcontext).inflate(r.layout.type_item, null ); holder.title = (textview) convertview.findviewbyid(r.id.type_title); holder.content = (textview) convertview.findviewbyid(r.id.type_title); } convertview.settag(holder); } else { holder = (viewholder) convertview.gettag(); } holder.content.settext(listdatas.get(position).getcontent()); holder.title.settext(listdatas.get(position).gettitle()); return convertview; } //关键方法之getviewtypecount:获取有多少种样式 @override public int getviewtypecount() { return 2 ; } //关键方法之getitemviewtype:获取item类型 @override public int getitemviewtype( int position) { return listdatas.get(position).gettype(); } final class viewholder { textview title; textview content; } } |
相关布局
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activity_main.xml <?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width= "match_parent" android:layout_height= "match_parent" android:orientation= "vertical" > <linearlayout android:id= "@+id/operator_ll" android:layout_width= "match_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:orientation= "horizontal" > <button android:id= "@+id/add_btn" android:layout_width= "0dp" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:layout_weight= "1" android:gravity= "center" android:text= "添加" /> <button android:id= "@+id/del_btn" android:layout_width= "0dp" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:layout_weight= "1" android:gravity= "center" android:text= "删除" /> </linearlayout> <listview android:id= "@+id/test_lv" android:layout_width= "match_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:divider= "#d1d1d1" <!--分隔线颜色--> android:dividerheight= "1px" <!--分隔线高度--> android:listselector= "@android:color/transparent" <!--取消默认点击效果--> android:scrollbars= "none" ><!--隐藏滚动条--> </listview> <imageview android:id= "@+id/empty_iv" android:layout_width= "wrap_content" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:layout_gravity= "center" android:layout_margintop= "100dp" android:src= "@mipmap/empty" android:visibility= "gone" /> </linearlayout> |
activity_type.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width= "match_parent" android:layout_height= "match_parent" android:orientation= "vertical" > <listview android:id= "@+id/type_lv" android:layout_width= "match_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" ></listview> </linearlayout> |
test_item.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width= "match_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:orientation= "vertical" android:paddingleft= "15dp" android:layout_margintop= "5dp" android:layout_marginbottom= "5dp" > <textview android:id= "@+id/item_title" android:layout_width= "wrap_content" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "hello world!" /> <textview android:id= "@+id/item_content" android:layout_width= "wrap_content" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:layout_margintop= "5dp" android:text= "hello world!" /> </linearlayout> |
以上就是搜集的android listview常用小技巧全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。