本文实例讲述了android实现将应用崩溃信息发送给开发者并重启应用的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
在开发过程中,虽然经过测试,但在发布后,在广大用户各种各样的运行环境和操作下,可能会发生一些异想不到的错误导致程序崩溃。将这些错误信息收集起来并反馈给开发者,对于开发者改进优化程序是相当重要的。好了,下面就来实现这种功能吧。
(更正时间:2012年2月9日18时42分07秒)
由于为历史帖原因,以下做法比较浪费,但抓取异常的效果是一样的。
1.对于ui线程(即android中的主线程)抛出的未捕获异常,将这些异常信息存储起来然后关闭到整个应用程序。并再次启动程序,则进入崩溃信息反馈界面让用户将出错信息以email的形式发送给开发者。
2.对于非ui线程抛出的异常,则立即唤醒崩溃信息反馈界面提示用户将出错信息发送email。
效果图如下:
过程了解了,则需要了解的几个知识点如下:
1.拦截uncaughtexception
application.oncreate()是整个android应用的入口方法。在该方法中执行如下代码即可拦截uncaughtexception:
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uehandler = new uehandler( this ); // 设置异常处理实例 thread.setdefaultuncaughtexceptionhandler(uehandler); |
2.抓取导致程序崩溃的异常信息
uehandler是thread.uncaughtexceptionhandler的实现类,在其public void uncaughtexception(thread thread, throwable ex)的实现中可以获取崩溃信息,代码如下:
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// fetch excpetion info string info = null ; bytearrayoutputstream baos = null ; printstream printstream = null ; try { baos = new bytearrayoutputstream(); printstream = new printstream(baos); ex.printstacktrace(printstream); byte [] data = baos.tobytearray(); info = new string(data); data = null ; } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } finally { try { if (printstream != null ) { printstream.close(); } if (baos != null ) { baos.close(); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } } |
3.程序抛异常后,要关闭整个应用
悲催的程序员,唉,以下三种方式都无效了,咋办啊!!!
3.1 android.os.process.killprocess(android.os.process.mypid());
3.2 activitymanager am = (activitymanager) getsystemservice(activity_service);
am.restartpackage("lab.sodino.errorreport");
3.3 system.exit(0)
好吧,毛主席告诉我们:自己动手丰衣足食。
softapplication中声明一个变量need2exit,其值为true标识当前的程序需要完整退出;为false时该干嘛干嘛去。该变量在应用的启动activity.oncreate()处赋值为false。
在捕获了崩溃信息后,调用softapplication.setneed2exit(true)标识程序需要退出,并finish()掉acterrorreport,这时acterrorreport退栈,抛错的actoccurerror占据手机屏幕,根据activity的生命周期其要调用onstart(),则我们在onstart()处读取need2exit的状态,若为true,则也关闭到当前的activity,则退出了整个应用了。此方法可以解决一次性退出已开启了多个activity的application。详细代码请阅读下面的示例源码。
好了,代码如下:
lab.sodino.errorreport.softapplication.java
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package lab.sodino.errorreport; import java.io.file; import android.app.application; /** * @author sodino e-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com * @version time:2011-6-9 下午11:49:56 */ public class softapplication extends application { /** "/data/data/<app_package>/files/error.log" */ public static final string path_error_log = file.separator + "data" + file.separator + "data" + file.separator + "lab.sodino.errorreport" + file.separator + "files" + file.separator + "error.log" ; /** 标识是否需要退出。为true时表示当前的activity要执行finish()。 */ private boolean need2exit; /** 异常处理类。 */ private uehandler uehandler; public void oncreate() { need2exit = false ; uehandler = new uehandler( this ); // 设置异常处理实例 thread.setdefaultuncaughtexceptionhandler(uehandler); } public void setneed2exit( boolean bool) { need2exit = bool; } public boolean need2exit() { return need2exit; } } |
lab.sodino.errorreport.actoccurerror.java
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package lab.sodino.errorreport; import java.io.file; import java.io.fileinputstream; import android.app.activity; import android.content.intent; import android.os.bundle; import android.util.log; import android.view.view; import android.widget.button; public class actoccurerror extends activity { private softapplication softapplication; /** called when the activity is first created. */ @override public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { super .oncreate(savedinstancestate); setcontentview(r.layout.main); softapplication = (softapplication) getapplication(); // 一开始进入程序恢复为"need2exit=false"。 softapplication.setneed2exit( false ); log.d( "android_lab" , "actoccurerror.oncreate()" ); button btnmain = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.btnthrowmain); btnmain.setonclicklistener( new button.onclicklistener() { public void onclick(view v) { log.d( "android_lab" , "thread.main.run()" ); int i = 0 ; i = 100 / i; } }); button btnchild = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.btnthrowchild); btnchild.setonclicklistener( new button.onclicklistener() { public void onclick(view v) { new thread() { public void run() { log.d( "android_lab" , "thread.child.run()" ); int i = 0 ; i = 100 / i; } }.start(); } }); // 处理记录于error.log中的异常 string errorcontent = geterrorlog(); if (errorcontent != null ) { intent intent = new intent( this , acterrorreport. class ); intent.setflags(intent.flag_activity_new_task); intent.putextra( "error" , errorcontent); intent.putextra( "by" , "error.log" ); startactivity(intent); } } public void onstart() { super .onstart(); if (softapplication.need2exit()) { log.d( "android_lab" , "actoccurerror.finish()" ); actoccurerror. this .finish(); } else { // do normal things } } /** * 读取是否有未处理的报错信息。<br/> * 每次读取后都会将error.log清空。<br/> * * @return 返回未处理的报错信息或null。 */ private string geterrorlog() { file fileerrorlog = new file(softapplication.path_error_log); string content = null ; fileinputstream fis = null ; try { if (fileerrorlog.exists()) { byte [] data = new byte [( int ) fileerrorlog.length()]; fis = new fileinputstream(fileerrorlog); fis.read(data); content = new string(data); data = null ; } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } finally { try { if (fis != null ) { fis.close(); } if (fileerrorlog.exists()) { fileerrorlog.delete(); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } } return content; } } |
lab.sodino.errorreport.acterrorreport.java
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package lab.sodino.errorreport; import android.app.activity; import android.content.intent; import android.os.bundle; import android.util.log; import android.view.view; import android.widget.button; import android.widget.edittext; import android.widget.textview; /** * @author sodino e-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com * @version time:2011-6-12 下午01:34:17 */ public class acterrorreport extends activity { private softapplication softapplication; private string info; /** 标识来处。 */ private string by; private button btnreport; private button btncancel; private btnlistener btnlistener; public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { super .oncreate(savedinstancestate); setcontentview(r.layout.report); softapplication = (softapplication) getapplication(); by = getintent().getstringextra( "by" ); info = getintent().getstringextra( "error" ); textview txthint = (textview) findviewbyid(r.id.txterrorhint); txthint.settext(geterrorhint(by)); edittext editerror = (edittext) findviewbyid(r.id.editerrorcontent); editerror.settext(info); btnlistener = new btnlistener(); btnreport = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.btnreport); btncancel = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.btncancel); btnreport.setonclicklistener(btnlistener); btncancel.setonclicklistener(btnlistener); } private string geterrorhint(string by) { string hint = "" ; string append = "" ; if ( "uehandler" .equals(by)) { append = " when the app running" ; } else if ( "error.log" .equals(by)) { append = " when last time the app running" ; } hint = string.format(getresources().getstring(r.string.errorhint), append, 1 ); return hint; } public void onstart() { super .onstart(); if (softapplication.need2exit()) { // 上一个退栈的activity有执行“退出”的操作。 log.d( "android_lab" , "acterrorreport.finish()" ); acterrorreport. this .finish(); } else { // go ahead normally } } class btnlistener implements button.onclicklistener { @override public void onclick(view v) { if (v == btnreport) { // 需要 android.permission.send权限 intent mailintent = new intent(intent.action_send); mailintent.settype( "plain/text" ); string[] arrreceiver = { "sodinoopen@hotmail.com" }; string mailsubject = "app error info[" + getpackagename() + "]" ; string mailbody = info; mailintent.putextra(intent.extra_email, arrreceiver); mailintent.putextra(intent.extra_subject, mailsubject); mailintent.putextra(intent.extra_text, mailbody); startactivity(intent.createchooser(mailintent, "mail sending..." )); acterrorreport. this .finish(); } else if (v == btncancel) { acterrorreport. this .finish(); } } } public void finish() { super .finish(); if ( "error.log" .equals(by)) { // do nothing } else if ( "uehandler" .equals(by)) { // 1. // android.os.process.killprocess(android.os.process.mypid()); // 2. // activitymanager am = (activitymanager) // getsystemservice(activity_service); // am.restartpackage("lab.sodino.errorreport"); // 3. // system.exit(0); // 1.2.3.都失效了,google你让悲催的程序员情何以堪啊。 softapplication.setneed2exit( true ); // //////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // 另一个替换方案是直接返回“home” // intent i = new intent(intent.action_main); // // 如果是服务里调用,必须加入newtask标识 // i.setflags(intent.flag_activity_new_task); // i.addcategory(intent.category_home); // startactivity(i); // //////////////////////////////////////////////////// } } } |
lab.sodino.errorreport.uehandler.java
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package lab.sodino.uncaughtexception; import java.io.bytearrayoutputstream; import java.io.file; import java.io.fileoutputstream; import java.io.printstream; import android.content.intent; import android.util.log; /** * @author sodino e-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com * @version time:2011-6-9 下午11:50:43 */ public class uehandler implements thread.uncaughtexceptionhandler { private softapplication softapp; private file fileerrorlog; public uehandler(softapplication app) { softapp = app; fileerrorlog = new file(softapplication.path_error_log); } @override public void uncaughtexception(thread thread, throwable ex) { // fetch excpetion info string info = null ; bytearrayoutputstream baos = null ; printstream printstream = null ; try { baos = new bytearrayoutputstream(); printstream = new printstream(baos); ex.printstacktrace(printstream); byte [] data = baos.tobytearray(); info = new string(data); data = null ; } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } finally { try { if (printstream != null ) { printstream.close(); } if (baos != null ) { baos.close(); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } } // print long threadid = thread.getid(); log.d( "android_lab" , "thread.getname()=" + thread.getname() + " id=" + threadid + " state=" + thread.getstate()); log.d( "android_lab" , "error[" + info + "]" ); if (threadid != 1 ) { // 此处示例跳转到汇报异常界面。 intent intent = new intent(softapp, acterrorreport. class ); intent.setflags(intent.flag_activity_new_task); intent.putextra( "error" , info); intent.putextra( "by" , "uehandler" ); softapp.startactivity(intent); } else { // 此处示例发生异常后,重新启动应用 intent intent = new intent(softapp, actoccurerror. class ); // 如果<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); ">没有new_task标识且</span>是ui线程抛的异常则界面卡死直到anr intent.setflags(intent.flag_activity_new_task); softapp.startactivity(intent); // write 2 /data/data/<app_package>/files/error.log write2errorlog(fileerrorlog, info); // kill app progress android.os.process.killprocess(android.os.process.mypid()); } } private void write2errorlog(file file, string content) { fileoutputstream fos = null ; try { if (file.exists()) { // 清空之前的记录 file.delete(); } else { file.getparentfile().mkdirs(); } file.createnewfile(); fos = new fileoutputstream(file); fos.write(content.getbytes()); } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } finally { try { if (fos != null ) { fos.close(); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } } } } |
/res/layout/main.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation= "vertical" android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "fill_parent" > <textview android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "@string/hello" /> <button android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "throws exception by main thread" android:id= "@+id/btnthrowmain" ></button> <button android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "throws exception by child thread" android:id= "@+id/btnthrowchild" ></button> </linearlayout> |
/res/layout/report.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation= "vertical" android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "fill_parent" > <textview android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "@string/errorhint" android:id= "@+id/txterrorhint" /> <edittext android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:id= "@+id/editerrorcontent" android:editable= "false" android:layout_weight= "1" ></edittext> <linearlayout android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:background= "#96cdcd" android:gravity= "center" android:orientation= "horizontal" > <button android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "report" android:id= "@+id/btnreport" android:layout_weight= "1" ></button> <button android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "cancel" android:id= "@+id/btncancel" android:layout_weight= "1" ></button> </linearlayout> </linearlayout> |
用到的string.xml资源为:
重要的一点是要在androidmanifest.xml中对<application>节点设置android:name=".softapplication"
希望本文所述对大家android程序设计有所帮助。