本文实例讲述了Android编程之电池电量信息更新的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
电池的信息,电压,温度,充电状态等等,都是由BatteryService来提供的。BatteryService是跑在system_process当中,在系统初始化的时候启动,如下
在SystemServer.java中可以看到启动BatteryService的代码:
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Log.i(TAG, "Starting Battery Service." ); BatteryService battery = new BatteryService(context); ServiceManager.addService( "battery" , battery); |
1. 数据来源
BatteryService通过JNI(com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp)读取数据。BatteryService通过JNI注册的不仅有函数,还有变量。 如下:
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//##############在BatteryService.java中声明的变量################ private boolean mAcOnline; private boolean mUsbOnline; private int mBatteryStatus; private int mBatteryHealth; private boolean mBatteryPresent; private int mBatteryLevel; private int mBatteryVoltage; private int mBatteryTemperature; private String mBatteryTechnology; |
在BatteryService.java中声明的变量,在com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp中共用,即在com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp中其实操作的也是BatteryService.java中声明的变量
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gFieldIds.mAcOnline = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mAcOnline" , "Z" ); gFieldIds.mUsbOnline = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mUsbOnline" , "Z" ); gFieldIds.mBatteryStatus = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryStatus" , "I" ); gFieldIds.mBatteryHealth = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryHealth" , "I" ); gFieldIds.mBatteryPresent = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryPresent" , "Z" ); gFieldIds.mBatteryLevel = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryLevel" , "I" ); gFieldIds.mBatteryTechnology = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryTechnology" , "Ljava/lang/String;" ); gFieldIds.mBatteryVoltage = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryVoltage" , "I" ); gFieldIds.mBatteryTemperature = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryTemperature" , "I" ); |
上面这些变量的值,对应是从下面的文件中读取的,一只文件存储一个数值。
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#define AC_ONLINE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/ac/online" #define USB_ONLINE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/usb/online" #define BATTERY_STATUS_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/status" #define BATTERY_HEALTH_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/health" #define BATTERY_PRESENT_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/present" #define BATTERY_CAPACITY_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/capacity" #define BATTERY_VOLTAGE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/batt_vol" #define BATTERY_TEMPERATURE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/batt_temp" #define BATTERY_TECHNOLOGY_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/technology" |
Android是运行在Linux内核上面的,/sys/class/power_supply亦是Linux内核下面的目录。至于这些文件时怎么生成的,则是由Platform来控制的。
2. 数据传送
电池的这些信息是通过何种方式,被其他应用所获得的。可以想到的有两种方式,第一种,应用主动从BatteryService获得数据;第二种,BatteryService主动把数据传送给所关心的应用程序。
BatteryService采用的是第二种方式,所有的电池的信息数据是通过Intent传送出去的。在BatteryService.java中,Code如下:
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Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED); intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY); intent.putExtra( "status" , mBatteryStatus); intent.putExtra( "health" , mBatteryHealth); intent.putExtra( "present" , mBatteryPresent); intent.putExtra( "level" , mBatteryLevel); intent.putExtra( "scale" , BATTERY_SCALE); intent.putExtra( "icon-small" , icon); intent.putExtra( "plugged" , mPlugType); intent.putExtra( "voltage" , mBatteryVoltage); intent.putExtra( "temperature" , mBatteryTemperature); intent.putExtra( "technology" , mBatteryTechnology); ActivityManagerNative.broadcastStickyIntent(intent, null ); |
3. 数据接收
应用如果想要接收到BatteryService发送出来的电池信息,则需要注册一个Intent为Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED的BroadcastReceiver。
注册方法如下:
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IntentFilter mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter(); mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED); registerReceiver(mIntentReceiver, mIntentFilter); private BroadcastReceiver mIntentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String action = intent.getAction(); if (action.equals(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED)) { int nVoltage = intent.getIntExtra( "voltage" , 0 ); if (nVoltage!= 0 ){ mVoltage.setText( "V: " + nVoltage + "mV - Success..." ); } else { mVoltage.setText( "V: " + nVoltage + "mV - fail..." ); } } } }; |
4. 数据更新
电池的信息会随着时间不停变化,自然地,就需要考虑如何实时的更新电池的数据信息。在BatteryService启动的时候,会同时通过UEventObserver启动一个onUEvent Thread。
每一个Process最多只能有一个onUEvent Thread,即使这个Process中有多个UEventObserver的实例。当在一个Process中,第一次Call startObserving()方法后,这个UEvent thread就启动了。
而一旦这个UEvent thread启动之后,就不会停止。
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//在BatteryService.java中 mUEventObserver.startObserving( "SUBSYSTEM=power_supply" ); private UEventObserver mUEventObserver = new UEventObserver() { @Override public void onUEvent(UEventObserver.UEvent event) { update(); } }; |
在UEvent thread中会不停调用 update()方法,来更新电池的信息数据。
希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。