使用Docker部署Nginx+Flask+Mongo的应用_服务器知识

Nginx做为服务器，Mongo为数据库支持，Flask为Python语言的Web框架，利用Docker的容器特性，可以简单地部署在linux服务器上

项目准备

项目主要目录如下

									__ project-name

									  |__ docker-file

									    |__ ningx

									      |__ Dockerfile

									      |__ conf

									        |__ nginx.conf

									    |__ flask

									      |__ Dockerfile

									      |__ requirements.txt

									    |__ mongo

									      |__ Dockerfile

									      |__ setup.sh

									    |__ docker-compose.yml

									  |__ src

									    |__ app

									      |__ ...

									    |__ run.py

简要说明

docker-file目录为docker部署的配置文件

src目录为flask应用的python代码

Docker的详细配置

docker-compose配置

									version: '2.2'

									services:

									 mongo:

									  build: ./mongo

									  volumes:

									   - "./mongo/db:/data/db"

									  restart: always

									  ports:

									   - "27017:27017"

									  environment:

									   MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME: root

									   MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456

									 flask:

									  build: ./flask

									  links:

									   - mongo

									  ports:

									   - "5000:5000"

									  expose:

									   - "5000"

									  volumes:

									   - ../src:/home/web

									 nginx:

									   build: ./nginx

									   links:

									    - flask

									   volumes:

									    - "./nginx/log:/var/log/nginx"

									    - "../:/usr/share/nginx/html"

									   ports:

									    - "80:80"

									    - "8080:8080"

									    - "443:443"

									   restart: always

MongoDB的配置

/mongo/Dockerfile的内容如下

									FROM mongo:3.6

									# 设置时区

									ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai

									RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone

									# 设置工作目录

									ENV WORKDIR /usr/local/work

									ENV AUTO_RUN_DIR /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

									ENV INSTALL_MONGO_SHELL setup.sh

									RUN mkdir -p $WORKDIR

									# 复制数据库的初始化命令

									COPY ./$INSTALL_MONGO_SHELL $AUTO_RUN_DIR/

									RUN chmod +x $AUTO_RUN_DIR/$INSTALL_MONGO_SHELL

/mongo/setup.sh的内容如下

该文件的目的是，启动MongoDB后创建一个密码为test的用户test，并赋予它数据库test的读写操作

									#!/bin/bash

									mongo <<EOF

									use admin;

									db.auth('root', '123456');

									use dmx_aluminum;

									db.createUser({user:'test',pwd:'test',roles:[{role:'readWrite',db:'test'}]});

									db.createCollection("user");

									EOF

Flask应用的配置

/flask/Dockerfile的内容如下

									FROM python:3.6

									# 设置时区

									ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai

									RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone

									# 设置工作区

									RUN mkdir -p /home/web

									WORKDIR /home/web

									# 添加依赖

									ADD requirements.txt /home/web/requirements.txt

									RUN pip3 install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/ -r requirements.txt

									# 使用gunicorn启动应用

									CMD gunicorn -w 4 -b 0.0.0.0:5000 run:app

/src/app/run.py的代码

此处注释了调试用的 app.run()，发布时用gunicorn启动

									from app import create_app

									app = create_app('default')

									app.debug=False

									# if __name__ == '__main__':

									#  app.run()

Nginx的配置

/nginx/Dockerfile的内容如下

									FROM nginx:1.14

									# 设置时区

									ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai

									RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone

									# 复制配置

									COPY conf/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

/nignx/conf/nginx.conf的内容如下

									user nginx;

									worker_processes 1;

									error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;

									pid    /var/run/nginx.pid;

									events {

									  worker_connections 1024;

									}

									http {

									  include    /etc/nginx/mime.types;

									  default_type application/octet-stream;

									  log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

									           '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

									           '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

									  access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

									  sendfile    on;

									  #tcp_nopush   on;

									  keepalive_timeout 65;

									  # 开启gzip

									  gzip on;

									  gzip_min_length 1k;

									  gzip_buffers 4 16k;

									  #gzip_http_version 1.0;

									  gzip_comp_level 1;

									  gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png;

									  gzip_vary off;

									  gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";

									  server {

									    listen 80;

									    server_name localhost;

									    keepalive_timeout 5;

									    root /usr/share/nginx/html;

									    location /static/ {

									      alias /usr/share/nginx/html/src/app/static/;

									    }

									    location / {

									      # checks for static file, if not found proxy to app

									      try_files $uri @flask_app;

									    }

									    location @flask_app {

									      proxy_pass http://192.168.0.2:5000; # 发布在阿里云上，应填写内网IP

									      proxy_redirect off;

									      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

									      proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

									      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

									      #proxy_buffers 8 32k;

									      #proxy_buffer_size 64k;

									    }

									  }

									}

启动部署

进入docker-flie目录 cd docker-flie
启动docker docker-compose up
查看容器状态 docker ps
本地部署浏览器输入 127.0.0.1即可

最后出现类似docker_file_nginx_1,docker_file_mongo_1, docker_file_flask_1的3个容器，说明成功！！！

踩坑吐槽

1 mongol容器中的初始化文件需要放在 docker-entrypoint-initdb.d 目录下

本人做过如下尝试，会显示 mongdb未启动。

									ADD setup.sh /data/setup.sh

									RUN chmod +x /data/setup.sh

									CMD ["/data/setup.sh"]

2 flask应用无法连接mongo，本文使用link方式。

在数据库的配置应相应写成：

									MONGODB_SETTINGS = {

									    'db': 'test',

									    'host': 'mongo', # 127.0.0.1 host地址一定要写你配置的--link的名字

									    'username': 'test',

									    'password': 'test',

									    'port': 27017

									  }