一、RestTemplate说明
RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端,RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。前面的博客中http://www.zzvips.com/article/149367.html,已经使用Jersey客户端来实现了消费spring boot的Restful服务,接下来,我们使用RestTemplate来消费前面示例中的Restful服务,前面的示例:
springboot整合H2内存数据库,实现单元测试与数据库无关性
该示例提供的Restful服务如下:http://localhost:7900/user/1
{"id":1,"username":"user1","name":"张三","age":20,"balance":100.00}
二、创建工程
三、工程结构
pom文件依赖如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
|
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" > < modelVersion >4.0.0</ modelVersion > < groupId >com.chhliu.springboot.restful</ groupId > < artifactId >springboot-rest-template</ artifactId > < version >0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</ version > < packaging >jar</ packaging > < name >springboot-rest-template</ name > < description >Demo project for Spring Boot RestTemplate</ description > < parent > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-parent</ artifactId > < version >1.4.3.RELEASE</ version > < relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </ parent > < properties > < project.build.sourceEncoding >UTF-8</ project.build.sourceEncoding > < project.reporting.outputEncoding >UTF-8</ project.reporting.outputEncoding > < java.version >1.7</ java.version > </ properties > < dependencies > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-web</ artifactId > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-test</ artifactId > < scope >test</ scope > </ dependency > <!-- 热启动,热部署依赖包,为了调试方便,加入此包 --> < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-devtools</ artifactId > < optional >true</ optional > </ dependency > </ dependencies > < build > < plugins > < plugin > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-maven-plugin</ artifactId > </ plugin > </ plugins > </ build > </ project > |
四、加入vo
由于我们使用RestTemplate调用Restful服务后,需要将对应的json串转换成User对象,所以需要将这个类拷贝到该工程中,如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
|
package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo; import java.math.BigDecimal; public class User { private Long id; private String username; private String name; private Short age; private BigDecimal balance; // ……省略getter和setter方法 /** * attention: * Details:TODO * @author chhliu * 创建时间:2017-1-20 下午2:05:45 * @return */ @Override public String toString() { return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", balance=" + balance + "]" ; } } |
五,编写controller
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
|
package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo.User; @RestController public class RestTemplateController { @Autowired @GetMapping ( "/template/{id}" ) public User findById( @PathVariable Long id) { // http://localhost:7900/user/是前面服务的对应的url User u = this .restTemplate.getForObject( "http://localhost:7900/user/" + id, User. class ); System.out.println(u); return u; } } |
六、启动程序
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
|
package com.chhliu.springboot.restful; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @SpringBootApplication public class SpringbootRestTemplateApplication { // 启动的时候要注意,由于我们在controller中注入了RestTemplate,所以启动的时候需要实例化该类的一个实例 @Autowired private RestTemplateBuilder builder; // 使用RestTemplateBuilder来实例化RestTemplate对象,spring默认已经注入了RestTemplateBuilder实例 @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate() { return builder.build(); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRestTemplateApplication. class , args); } } |
七、测试
在浏览器中输入:http://localhost:7902/template/1
测试结果如下:
控制台打印结果:
User [id=1, username=user1, name=张三, age=20, balance=100.00]
通过上面的测试,说明我们已经成功的调用了spring boot的Restful服务。
八、改进
上面的测试中,有一个很不好的地方,
1
2
|
User u = this .restTemplate.getForObject( "http://localhost:7900/user/" + id, User. class ); |
此处出现了硬编码,当服务器地址改变的时候,需要改动对应的代码,改进的方法,将Restful服务的地址写到配置文件中。
修改controller如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
|
package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo.User; @RestController public class RestTemplateController { @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; // Restful服务对应的url地址 @Value ( "${user.userServicePath}" ) private String userServicePath; @GetMapping ( "/template/{id}" ) public User findById( @PathVariable Long id) { User u = this .restTemplate.getForObject( this .userServicePath + id, User. class ); System.out.println(u); return u; } } |
配置文件修改如下:
1
2
|
server.port:7902 user.userServicePath=http://localhost:7900/user/ |
启动程序:
发现测试是ok的,后面我们会引入spring cloud对这种调用方式进行进一步的改进!
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/liuchuanhong1/article/details/54631080