目前公司部署MySQL是通过平台化操作的,周五的时候,平台暂时出了点儿问题,手上有个需求比较着急,就直接手动的部署了一下,由于好长时间没有部署环境了,竟然有些手生,这里把部署的步骤以及遇到的问题记录下来,希望对大家有所帮助。
1、一般情况下,部署有三种常用的方式,第一种是yum的方式,也就是rpm包,第二种是源码的方式,也就是source code,第三种是二进制包,也就是tar.gz格式的包,解压之后即可,我采用的是第三种方法,部署的MySQL版本是5.5.19版本。
2、首先来看下错误吧:
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启动服务的语句: /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf & [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start [Note] InnoDB: Percona XtraDB (http://www.percona.com) 5.7.16-10 started; log sequence number 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 20190621_11:25:41mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn 't exist [ERROR] Can' t open the mysql.plugin table . Please run mysql_upgrade to create it. [ERROR] unknown variable 'thread_concurrency=8' [ERROR] Aborting |
可以看到,一共报了两个错误,第一个是不能打开mysql.plugin这个表,第二个错误是参数错误,这个参数thread_concurrency无法识别。
对于第二个问题,可以确认是配置文件里面的参数问题,因为我使用的是常规的5.7的配置文件,改了几个参数,所以这个参数很有可能是漏改了,改掉即可。主要是第一个问题,这个时候,我进行了下面的尝试。
3、解决方式
尝试1:尝试重新启动
使用service mysql start的方法:
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[root] # service mysql_4310 start Starting MySQL.....The server quit without updating PID fil[FAILED] /mysql_4310/tmp/mysql .pid). |
发现服务还是无法启动,错误日志的输出不变。
尝试2:看到了错误后面的提示,运行mysql_upgrade方法
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[root bin]# ./mysql_upgrade --protocol=tcp -P4310 -p Enter password : Looking for 'mysql' as : ./mysql Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as : ./mysqlcheck Running 'mysqlcheck' with connection arguments: '--protocol=tcp' '--port=4310' ./mysqlcheck: Got error: 2003: Can 't connect to MySQL server on ' localhost' (111) when trying to connect |
看来还是不行,这个时候我严重怀疑是配置文件的问题:。
尝试3:从线上环境中搞来了一个mysql5.5的配置文件,然后重新替换新的配置文件,重新启动:
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[root@ mysql_4310]# /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf & [1] 63529 [root@ mysql_4310]# 190621 11:51:37 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql_4310/log/hb30_web_wechat_answers-121_246.err' . 190621 11:51:37 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql_4310/data 190621 11:51:40 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/mysql_4310/tmp/mysql.pid ended |
查看错误日志:
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查看错误日志: [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. -5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld: Unknown error 1146 [ERROR] Can 't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it. InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 4.0G InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool t specified data file /data/mysql_4310/ibdata1 did not exist: tabase to be created! InnoDB: Setting file /data/mysql_4310/ibdata1 size to 1000 MB physically writes the file full: wait... in MB: 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 InnoDB: Data file /data/mysql_4310/ibdata2 did not exist: new to be created InnoDB: Setting file /data/mysql_4310/ibdata2 size to 100 MB physically writes the file full: wait... in MB: 100 og file /data/mysql_4310/innodblog/ib_logfile0 is of different size 0 1073741824 bytes cified in the .cnf file 0 134217728 bytes! [ERROR] Plugin ' InnoDB ' init function returned error. [ERROR] Plugin ' InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed. [ERROR] Aborting |
发现最先面出现了新的错误,提示Innodb 初始化函数返回了错误,无法使用innodb存储引擎。到这里,我开始怀疑是不是初始化的时候,就有错误,导致服务不可用,于是想着重新初始化一遍数据字典,重新起服务,看看行不行。
尝试4:重新初始化数据字典
尝试使用initialize-insecure方法重新初始化,发现失败了。
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[root mysql_4310]# /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 & [1] 7045 [1]+ Exit 2 /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 |
错误日志还是之前的日志,提示mysql.plugin表不存在,除此之外,还多了一行,如下:
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[ERROR] /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld: unknown option '--initialize-insecure' |
于是上官方文档上面查看了--initialize-insecure参数,发现这个参数在mysql5.5版本没有,然后5.5版本的是initialize参数,于是换成这个initialize参数,重新初始化,然后报错如下:
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[root@ ]/usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 --initialize & [1]+ Exit 2 /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 --initialize |
此时,查看官方文档,发现MySQL5.5版本的初始化使用的是mysql_install_db命令而不是mysqld命令,而mysql_install_db这个工具不在/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin目录中,而在/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/scripts目录下面,于是通过cp命令将其拷贝到指定目录,然后进行初始化,如下:
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[root@ mysql_4310]# /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf [root@ mysql_4310]# ll | grep install [root@ mysql_4310]# /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linu [1] 16365 [root@ mysql_4310]# Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h tk01-devt-mysql-7-200 password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default . This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with : cd /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 ; /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems with the /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/scripts/mysqlbug script! [1]+ Done /usr/ local /mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/mysql_4310/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql_4310/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.19-linux2.6-x86_64 |
结果成功。
总结如下:
1、MySQL5.5版本的初始化使用mysql_install_db工具,而不是mysqld工具
2、MySQL5.5版本的初始化使用--initialize参数
以上就是MySQL5.5 部署的一个问题的详细内容,更多关于MySQL 部署的资料请关注服务器之家其它相关文章!
原文链接:https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1533427