介绍
记录将elasticsearch集成到spring boot的过程,以及一些简单的应用和helper类使用。
接入方式
使用spring-boot中的spring-data-elasticsearch,可以使用两种内置客户端接入
1、节点客户端(node client):
配置文件中设置为local:false,节点客户端以无数据节点(node-master或node-client)身份加入集群,换言之,它自己不存储任何数据,但是它知道数据在集群中的具体位置,并且能够直接转发请求到对应的节点上。
2、传输客户端(Transport client):
配置文件中设置为local:true,这个更轻量的传输客户端能够发送请求到远程集群。它自己不加入集群,只是简单转发请求给集群中的节点。
两个Java客户端都通过9300端口与集群交互,使用Elasticsearch传输协议(Elasticsearch Transport Protocol)。集群中的节点之间也通过9300端口进行通信。如果此端口未开放,你的节点将不能组成集群。
环境
版本兼容
请一定注意版本兼容问题。这关系到很多maven依赖。Spring Data Elasticsearch Spring Boot version matrix
搭建环境
Spring boot: 1.4.1.RELEASE
spring-data-elasticsearch: 用了最基础的spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch,选择高版本时需要对于提高es服务版本
elasticsearch: 2.3.0
Maven依赖
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< parent > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-parent</ artifactId > < version >1.4.1.RELEASE</ version > < relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </ parent > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</ artifactId > </ dependency > |
配置文件
bootstrap.yml
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spring: data: elasticsearch: # 集群名 cluster-name: syncwt-es # 连接节点,注意在集群中通信都是9300端口,否则会报错无法连接上! cluster-nodes: localhost:9300,119.29.38.169:9300 # 是否本地连接 local: false repositories: # 仓库中数据存储 enabled: true |
调试
启动
启动项目,日志出现以下说明代表成功。并且没有报错。
2017-03-30 19:35:23.078 INFO 20881 --- [ main] o.s.d.e.c.TransportClientFactoryBean : adding transport node : localhost:9300
知识点
在Elasticsearch中,文档归属于一种类型(type),而这些类型存在于索引(index)中,我们可以画一些简单的对比图来类比传统关系型数据库:
Elasticsearch集群可以包含多个索引(indices)(数据库),每一个索引可以包含多个类型(types)(表),每一个类型包含多个文档(documents)(行),然后每个文档包含多个字段(Fields)(列)
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Relational DB -> Databases -> Tables -> Rows -> Columns Elasticsearch -> Indices -> Types -> Documents -> Fields |
Demo
Customer.java
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/* * Copyright 2012-2013 the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.syncwt.www.common.es; import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document; @Document (indexName = "es-customer" , type = "customer" , shards = 2 , replicas = 1 , refreshInterval = "-1" ) public class Customer { @Id private String id; private String firstName; private String lastName; public Customer() { } public Customer(String firstName, String lastName) { this .firstName = firstName; this .lastName = lastName; } public String getId() { return this .id; } public void setId(String id) { this .id = id; } public String getFirstName() { return this .firstName; } public void setFirstName(String firstName) { this .firstName = firstName; } public String getLastName() { return this .lastName; } public void setLastName(String lastName) { this .lastName = lastName; } @Override public String toString() { return String.format( "Customer[id=%s, firstName='%s', lastName='%s']" , this .id, this .firstName, this .lastName); } } |
CustomerRepository.java
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/* * Copyright 2012-2013 the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.syncwt.www.common.es; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository; import java.util.List; public interface CustomerRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Customer, String> { public List<Customer> findByFirstName(String firstName); public List<Customer> findByLastName(String lastName); } |
CustomerController.java
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package com.syncwt.www.web; import com.syncwt.www.response.Message; import com.syncwt.www.service.CustomerService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.io.IOException; /** * @version v0.0.1 * @Description CustomerController * @Creation Date 2017年03月30日 下午8:21 * @ModificationHistory Who When What * -------- ---------- ----------------------------------- */ @RestController public class CustomerController { @Autowired private CustomerService customerService; @RequestMapping (value = "/test" , method = RequestMethod.GET) public Message test() throws IOException { customerService.saveCustomers(); customerService.fetchAllCustomers(); customerService.fetchIndividualCustomers(); return Message.SUCCESS; } } |
CustomerService.java
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package com.syncwt.www.service; import com.syncwt.www.common.es.Customer; import com.syncwt.www.common.es.CustomerRepository; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.io.IOException; /** * @version v0.0.1 * @Description 业务层 * @Creation Date 2017年03月30日 下午8:19 * @ModificationHistory Who When What * -------- ---------- ----------------------------------- */ @Service public class CustomerService { @Autowired private CustomerRepository repository; public void saveCustomers() throws IOException { repository.save( new Customer( "Alice" , "Smith" )); repository.save( new Customer( "Bob" , "Smith" )); } public void fetchAllCustomers() throws IOException { System.out.println( "Customers found with findAll():" ); System.out.println( "-------------------------------" ); for (Customer customer : repository.findAll()) { System.out.println(customer); } } public void fetchIndividualCustomers() { System.out.println( "Customer found with findByFirstName('Alice'):" ); System.out.println( "--------------------------------" ); System.out.println(repository.findByFirstName( "Alice" )); System.out.println( "Customers found with findByLastName('Smith'):" ); System.out.println( "--------------------------------" ); for (Customer customer : repository.findByLastName( "Smith" )) { System.out.println(customer); } } } |
spring对es的操作方法
spring-data-elasticsearch查询方法的封装
1、封装数据库基本CRUD(创建(Create)、更新(Update)、读取(Retrieve)和删除(Delete))
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public interface CrudRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> extends Repository<T, ID> { <S extends T> S save(S entity); T findOne(ID primaryKey); Iterable<T> findAll(); Long count(); void delete(T entity); boolean exists(ID primaryKey); // … more functionality omitted. } |
2、分页排序查询
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public interface PagingAndSortingRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> extends CrudRepository<T, ID> { Iterable<T> findAll(Sort sort); Page<T> findAll(Pageable pageable); } //Accessing the second page by a page size of 20 PagingAndSortingRepository<User, Long> repository = // … get access to a bean Page<User> users = repository.findAll( new PageRequest( 1 , 20 )); |
3、计数
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public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long> { Long countByLastname(String lastname); } |
4、删除
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public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long> { Long deleteByLastname(String lastname); List<User> removeByLastname(String lastname); } |
5、自定义查询方法自动注入
声明一个接口继承Repository<T, ID>
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interface PersonRepository extends Repository<Person, Long> { … } |
接口中自定义方法,在方法名中包含T中字段名
查询关键字包括find…By, read…By, query…By, count…By, and get…By,熟悉直接可以用And and Or连接
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interface PersonRepository extends Repository<Person, Long> { List<Person> findByLastname(String lastname); } |
保证注入了elasticsearch配置
在bootstrap.yml中写入了spring-data-elasticsearch的配置文件将自动注入
注入调用
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public class SomeClient { @Autowired private PersonRepository repository; public void doSomething() { List<Person> persons = repository.findByLastname( "Matthews" ); } } |
6、支持Java8 Stream查询和sql语句查询
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@Query ( "select u from User u" ) Stream<User> findAllByCustomQueryAndStream(); Stream<User> readAllByFirstnameNotNull(); @Query ( "select u from User u" ) Stream<User> streamAllPaged(Pageable pageable); try (Stream<User> stream = repository.findAllByCustomQueryAndStream()) { stream.forEach(…); } |
7、支持异步查询
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@Async Future<User> findByFirstname(String firstname); @Async CompletableFuture<User> findOneByFirstname(String firstname); @Async ListenableFuture<User> findOneByLastname(String lastname); |
支持原生es JavaAPI
1、NativeSearchQueryBuilder构建查询
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@Autowired private ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate; SearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder() .withQuery(matchAllQuery()) .withFilter(boolFilter().must(termFilter( "id" , documentId))) .build(); Page<SampleEntity> sampleEntities = elasticsearchTemplate.queryForPage(searchQuery,SampleEntity. class ); |
2、利用Scan和Scroll进行大结果集查询
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SearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder() .withQuery(matchAllQuery()) .withIndices( "test-index" ) .withTypes( "test-type" ) .withPageable( new PageRequest( 0 , 1 )) .build(); String scrollId = elasticsearchTemplate.scan(searchQuery, 1000 , false ); List<SampleEntity> sampleEntities = new ArrayList<SampleEntity>(); boolean hasRecords = true ; while (hasRecords){ Page<SampleEntity> page = elasticsearchTemplate.scroll(scrollId, 5000L , new ResultsMapper<SampleEntity>() { @Override public Page<SampleEntity> mapResults(SearchResponse response) { List<SampleEntity> chunk = new ArrayList<SampleEntity>(); for (SearchHit searchHit : response.getHits()){ if (response.getHits().getHits().length <= 0 ) { return null ; } SampleEntity user = new SampleEntity(); user.setId(searchHit.getId()); user.setMessage((String)searchHit.getSource().get( "message" )); chunk.add(user); } return new PageImpl<SampleEntity>(chunk); } }); if (page != null ) { sampleEntities.addAll(page.getContent()); hasRecords = page.hasNextPage(); } else { hasRecords = false ; } } } |
3、获取client实例进行节点操作,可以自行封装Util方法
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@Autowired private ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate; public void searchHelper() throws IOException { //节点客户端 // on startup // Node node = nodeBuilder().clusterName("syncwt-es").client(true).node(); // Client nodeClient = node.client(); //传输客户端 // Settings settings = Settings.settingsBuilder().build(); // Client transportClient = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build(); Client transportClient = elasticsearchTemplate.getClient(); Customer customer = new Customer( "Alice" , "Smith" ); // instance a json mapper ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); // create once, reuse // generate json String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(customer); System.out.println( "--------------------------------jackson mapper" ); System.out.println(json); XContentBuilder builder = jsonBuilder() .startObject() .field( "firstName" , "Alice" ) .field( "latName" , "Smith" ) .endObject(); System.out.println( "--------------------------------jsonBuilder" ); System.out.println(builder.string()); IndexResponse response = transportClient.prepareIndex( "es-customer" , "customer" ) .setSource(jsonBuilder() .startObject() .field( "firstName" , "Alice" ) .field( "latName" , "Smith" ) .endObject() ) .execute() .actionGet(); System.out.println( "--------------------------------response" ); System.out.println(response.toString()); // on shutdown // node.close(); // nodeClient.close(); transportClient.close(); } |
总结
4、spring-data-elasticsearch对es有很好的支持,但很多高版本在spring-boot中不是很友好。所以,除了spring-boot自动配置的方法,最好掌握代码动态配置方法。
5、为了操作的便利性,我们往往需要动态索引,因为同一个索引(固定)是无法满足集群中多业务的。所以后续封装一个EsUtil类作为基本操作公交类
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.jianshu.com/p/35f9f867f48f?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral#