我们在使用SpringMVC时,常常需要把表单中的参数映射到我们对象的属性中,我们可以在默认的spring-servlet.xml加上如下的配置即可做到普通数据类型的转换,如将String转换成Integer和Double等:
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< mvc:annotation-driven /> |
或
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean" />
其实 <mvc:annotation-driven /> 标签会默认创建并注册一个 RequestMappingHandlerMapping(在Spring3.2之前是DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping) 和 RequestMappingHandlerAdapter (Spring3.2之前是AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter),当然,如果上下文有对应的显示实现类,将该注解注册的覆盖掉。该注解还会创建一个ConversionService,即 FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean。
如果想把一个字符串转换成其它实体类型,spring没有提供这样默认的功能,我们需要自定义类型转换器。
这里有个实体类Employee。
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package com.proc; public class Employee { private String name; private Integer age; private String gender; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this .name = name; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this .age = age; } public String getGender() { return gender; } public void setGender(String gender) { this .gender = gender; } @Override public String toString() { return "Employee [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", gender=" + gender + "]" ; } } |
规定将字符串转换成实体类的规则为: name-age-gender
那么接下来就写一个类型转换器,需要实现一个接口org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter
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package com.proc; import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class EmployeeConverter implements Converter<String, Employee> { @Override public Employee convert(String str) { Employee emp= null ; //字符串格式 name-age-gender if (str!= null && str.split( "-" ).length== 3 ){ emp= new Employee(); String[] arr=str.split( "-" ); emp.setName(arr[ 0 ]); emp.setAge(Integer.parseInt(arr[ 1 ])); emp.setGender(arr[ 2 ]); } return emp; } } |
这里我们为转换器加上@Component注解,是为了让Spring自动扫描该转换器到容器中。这样就不用通过配置文件配置<bean>了
接下来编写控制器
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package com.proc; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; @Controller public class EmployeeController { @RequestMapping ( "/add" ) public String add( @RequestParam ( "employee" ) Employee employee){ System.out.println(employee); return "add" ; } } |
这里可以看到,参数的名字为employee,所有要为请求定义一个employee参数,该参数传入需要转换的字符串
除此之外,我们还需要在spring配置文件中配置,如下类容。让转换器生效
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd"> < context:component-scan base-package = "com.proc" ></ context:component-scan > < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" > < property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/" /> < property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" ></ property > </ bean > < mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service = "conversionService" /> < bean id = "conversionService" class = "org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean" > < property name = "converters" > < set > < ref bean = "employeeConverter" /> </ set > </ property > </ bean > </ beans > |
测试代码:http://localhost:8080/springmvc-1/add?employee=caoyc-18-male
结果输出:Employee [name=caoyc, age=18, gender=male]
上面配置文件中我们使用配置了一个ConversionServiceFactoryBean。虽然可以这样,但不建议。我们通常用org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean
为什么要这样用呢?这样用的好处是什么呢?
使用FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean可以让SpringMVC支持@NumberFormat和@DateTimeFormat等Spring内部自定义的转换器。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/caoyc/p/5639652.html