Transact-SQL（又称 T-SQL），是在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase SQL Server 上的 ANSI SQL 实现，与 Oracle 的 PL/SQL 性质相近（不只是实现 ANSI SQL，也为自身数据库系统的特性提供实现支持），在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase Adaptive Server 中仍然被使用为核心的查询语言。
数据库
1、创建数据库
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USE master ; GO CREATE DATABASE Sales ON( NAME = Sales_dat, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\saledat.mdf', SIZE = 10, MAXSIZE = 50, FILEGROWTH = 5 ) LOG ON( NAME = Sales_log, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\salelog.ldf', SIZE = 5MB, MAXSIZE = 25MB, FILEGROWTH = 5MB ) ; GO |
2、查看数据库
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SELECT name, database_id, create_date FROM sys.databases ; |
3、删除数据库
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DROP DATABASE Sales; |
表
1、创建表
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CREATE TABLE PurchaseOrderDetail ( ID uniqueidentifier NOT NULL ,LineNumber smallint NOT NULL ,ProductID int NULL ,UnitPrice money NULL ,OrderQty smallint NULL ,ReceivedQty float NULL ,RejectedQty float NULL ,DueDate datetime NULL); |
2、删除表
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DROP TABLE dbo.PurchaseOrderDetail; |
3、重命名表
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EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory', 'SalesTerr'; |
列
1、添加列
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ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exa ADD column_b VARCHAR(20) NULL, column_c INT NULL ; |
2、删除列
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ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exb DROP COLUMN column_b; |
3、重命名列
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EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory.TerritoryID', 'TerrID', 'COLUMN'; |
约束
1、主键
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--在现有表中创建主键ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive ADD CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID);--在新表中创建主键CREATE TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive1 ( TransactionID int IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL , CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID) );--查看主键 SELECT nameFROM sys.key_constraints WHERE type = 'PK' AND OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) = N'TransactionHistoryArchive'; GO --删除主键ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive DROP CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID; GO |
视图
1、创建视图
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CREATE VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate ASSELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, e.HireDate FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e JOIN Person.Person AS p ON e.BusinessEntityID = p.BusinessEntityID ; GO |
2、删除视图
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DROP VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate; |
存储过程
1、创建存储过程
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CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName nvarchar(50), @FirstName nvarchar(50) AS SELECT FirstName, LastName, Department FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartmentHistory WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName AND EndDate IS NULL; GO |
2、删除存储过程
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DROP PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest; |
3、执行存储过程
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EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest N'Ackerman', N'Pilar'; -- Or EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName = N'Ackerman', @FirstName = N'Pilar'; GO -- Or EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @FirstName = N'Pilar', @LastName = N'Ackerman'; GO |
4、重命名存储过程
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EXEC sp_rename 'P_UspGetAllEmployeesTest', 'P_UspEveryEmployeeTest2'; |
5、带有输出参数的存储过程
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CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD @SalesPerson nvarchar(50), @SalesYTD money OUTPUT AS SELECT @SalesYTD = SalesYTD FROM SalesPerson AS sp JOIN vEmployee AS e ON e.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID WHERE LastName = @SalesPerson; RETURN GO--调用DECLARE @SalesYTDBySalesPerson money; EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD N'Blythe', @SalesYTD = @SalesYTDBySalesPerson OUTPUT; GO |
数据类型
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Sql Server数据库常用Transact-SQL脚本，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持！如果你觉得本文对你有帮助，欢迎转载，烦请注明出处，谢谢！
原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/oyang168/archive/2019/12/01/11966274.html
