1 查看当前数据库内容并备份数据库
查看数据库信息：
备份数据库：
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[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -p t > /mnt/t.sqlenter password: [root@localhost ~]# ll /mnt/t.sql -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1771 aug 25 11:56 /mnt/t.sql |
2 开启bin_log功能
首先查看数据库是否开启bin_log功能
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mysql> show variables like "%log_bin%"; |
需要修改mysql的配置文件，/etc/的my.cnf，添加一句log_bin = mysql_bin即可
3 模拟误操作（插入3条数据，删除数据库）
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mysql> insert into t1 values (3);query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> insert into t1 values (4);query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> insert into t1 values (5);query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> select * from t1;+------+| id |+------+| 1 || 2 || 5 || 4 || 3 |+------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> flush logs;query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| file | position | binlog_do_db | binlog_ignore_db |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql_bin.000003 | 106 | | |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
删除数据：
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mysql> truncate t1;query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> select * from t1;empty set (0.00 sec) |
此时突然数据库损坏或者人为删除
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mysql> drop table t1;query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show tables;empty set (0.00 sec) |
4 数据恢复
1 用已经备份的/mnt/t.sql来恢复数据
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mysql> source /mnt/t.sql;query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)records: 2 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show tables;+-------------+| tables_in_t |+-------------+| t1 |+-------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> select * from t1;+------+| id |+------+| 1 || 2 |+------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
2 还有三条数据没有恢复，怎么办。只能用bin-log来恢复
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[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults /var/lib/mysql/mysql_bin.000002 | mysql -u root -p123.com t |
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mysql> use t;reading table information for completion of table and column namesyou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -adatabase changedmysql> select * from t1;+------+| id |+------+| 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 |+------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> |
5 总结
备份数据
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mysqldump -uroot -p123456 test -l -f '/tmp/test.sql'-l:读锁（只能读取，不能更新）-f:即flush logs，可以重新生成新的日志文件，当然包括log-bin日志 |
查看binlog日志
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mysql>show master status; |
导入之前备份数据
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mysql -uroot -p t -v -f </mnt/t.sql-v查看导入的详细信息-f是当中间遇到错误时，可以skip过去，继续执行下面的语句 |
恢复binlog-file二进制日志文件
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mysqlbinlog --no-defaults binlog-file | mysql -uroot -p t |
从某一(367)点开始恢复
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mysqlbinlog --no-defaults --stop-position="367" mysql-bin.000001| mysql -uroot -p t |
先查好那一点，用more来查看
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[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults mysql-bin.000002 --start-position="794" --stop-position="1055" | more |
然后恢复
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[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults mysql-bin.000002 --start-position="794" --stop-position="1055" | /usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p t |
重置binlog日志
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mysql> reset master;query ok, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| file | position | binlog_do_db | binlog_ignore_db |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000001 | 106 | | |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ |
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mysql> flush logs;#关闭当前的二进制日志文件并创建一个新文件，新的二进制日志文件的名字在当前的二进制文件的编号上加1。 |
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原文链接：https://juejin.cn/post/7012122461110009863
